Acupuncture therapy has been shown to have a positive effect in treating symptoms of patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI) in China. The present paper summarizes findings of recent researches on the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture intervention for improving TBI from 1) inhibiting inflammatory response

2) regulating neurotransmitters

3) promoting nerve repair and regeneration

4) antioxidation

5) inhibiting intracellular calcium overload

6) regulating aquaporin content

7) regulating cellular energy metabolism

8) improving brain circulation

and 9) inhibiting cell apoptosis.