最新刊期
卷 34 ， 期 5 ， 2009
- 摘要：Objective To establish an acupoint-connective tissue model for studying the mechanism of acupuncture by using in vitro patch clamp technique in the rat skin slices.Methods The local connective tissue under the corium of "Housanli"(ST 36) area from SD rat was acutely and bluntly separated and fixed in a chamber filled with artificial incubation solution.Mast cells in the prepared connective tissue slice were labeled by toluidine blue(TB) or neutral red(NR).The whole-cell current of mast cells responding to pressure stimulation applied through a patch pipette was recorded in rat slices derived from acupoint ST 36 area by using in vitro patch-clamp technique.Results 1) After staining with TB and NR,the labeled mast cells were found to distribute in the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue samples,and their degranulation phenomenon could be seen clearly.2) The whole-cell current of mast cells in response to mechanical stress stimulation was successfully recorded in the connective tissue slices of the rat acupoint ST 36 area.The cellular membrane currents increased evidently when pressure gradients of-30,-60 or-90 cmH2O were applied to the recorded mast cells.Conclusion The connective tissue slice from the rat ST 36 area may be used as a model for investigating the peripheral mechanism of acupuncture by combining the microtechniques and electrophysiological techniques.The results obtained in this model prove for the first time by electrophysiology that the mast cells in the connective tissue are probably involved in the transduction process of the mechanical signal from acupuncture stimulation.This new model provides a base for investigating the characters of the cells,collagen fibers,proteoglycans,etc.and their interactions in the acupoint connective tissue in the future.关键词：Acupuncture;Connective tissue slice;Mast cells;Mechano-sensitive current;Patch clamp914|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on the related hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CI-RI).Methods Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control,sham-operation(sham),model,EA acupoint and EA non-acupoint groups.CI-RI model was established by using modified middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) and reperfusion.These rats were further divided into 1 day(d),3 d and 7 d subgroups,with 6 cases in each.EA(1 mA,2 Hz/30 Hz) was applied to acupoint "Zusanli"(ST 36) and "Quchi"(LI 11),and non-acupoints(5 mm lateral to ST 36 and 5 mm apart from LI 11 on the radial side respectively) for 30 min,once daily for 1 d,3 d and 7 d separately.Serum cortisole(CORT) content was assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the expression of hypothalamic adrenocorticotropic releasing factor(CRF) mRNA and glucocorticoid receptor(GR) mRNA,and pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH) mRNA was assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.Results Compared with normal and sham groups,serum CORT levels of model and EA non-acupoint groups on the 1st,3rd and 7th day increased significantly(P<0.05),while compared with model groups,serum CORT level of EA acupoint groups decreased apparently(P<0.05).Compared with normal and sham groups,hypothalamic CRF mRNA and pituitary ACTH mRNA expression of model groups were upregulated significantly on the 1st,3rd and 7th d after CI-RI(P<0.01,P<0.05),and hypothalamic GR mRNA expression of model groups were obviously downregulated(P<0.01,P<0.05).In comparison with model groups,hypothalamic CRF mRNA and pituitary ACTH mRNA expression of EA acupoint groups at the 3 time-points,and their expression of EA non-acupoint groups on the 1st and 3rd day were remarkably downregulated(P<0.01,P<0.05),and hypothalamic GR mRNA expression of EA acupoint groups was upregulated significantly at the 3 time-points(P<0.01,P<0.05).Comparison between EA acupoint and EA non-acupoint groups showed that the effect of EA acupoint groups was obviously superior to that of EA non-acupoint groups in downregulating CRF mRNA and ACTH mRNA expression and in upregulating GR mRNA expression at the 3 time-points(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion EA of meridian-acupoints can effectively downregulate serum CORT content,hypothalamic CRF mRNA and pituitary ACTH mRNA expression and upregulate hypothalamic GR mRNA expression in CI-RI rats,which may contribute to its effect in relieving CI-RI.1324|0|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To explore the possible mechanism of scalp acupuncture(SA) in relieving cerebral ischemia reperfusion(CI-R) injury.Methods Seventy male SD rats were randomized into sham-operation(sham,n=10),model(n=30) and SA(n=30) groups.The later 2 groups were further divided into 24 h,48 h and 72 h subgroups respectively,with 10 cases in each.CI-R model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) and reperfusion.Electroacupuncture(2 mA,2 Hz/100 Hz) was applied to "Dingnie Houxiexian"(MS 7) and "Dingnie Qianxiexian"(MS 6) for 30 min,once every 24 h.Changes of the animal behavior were observed by using neurological severity score(NSS),nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase(COX-2) contents and their mRNA expression were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) techniques respectively.Results Following modeling,the NSS at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after MCAO increased significantly,while compared with model group,NSS of SA group at the 3 time-points decreased considerably(P<0.05,P<0.01),suggesting an improvement of the neurological functions after SA treatment.In comparison with sham group,NF-κB mRNA and COX-2 mRNA,and NF-κB and COX-2 protein expression of model group in the infarcted cerebral tissue were significantly upregulated at the 3 time-points(P<0.01) except NF-κB mRNA at 72 h(no significant change),while compared with the 3 time-points of model group,NF-κB mRNA and COX-2 mRNA,and NF-κB and COX-2 protein expression of SA group were downregulated obviously(P<0.01) except COX-2 mRNA at 72 h.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture can suppress cerebral ischemia-induced upregulation of NF-κB mRNA and COX-2 mRNA,and NF-κB and COX-2 protein expression,which may contribute to its effect in promoting neurofunctional rehabilitation of CI-R rats by reducing cytokines-mediated inflammatory reaction.关键词：Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion;Scalp acupuncture;Cerebral NF-κB;COX-21127|0|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the ultrastructural basis underlying electroacupuncture(EA) induced improvement of Alzheimer disease(AD) in transgenic mice.Methods Twelve APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group and EA group;and other 6 negative transgenic mice(C 57 BL/6 J) were made up of normal control group.After 3 months treatment by EA(15 min per other day,2 Hz/100 Hz,3-4 mA) applied to "Baihui"(GV 20) and "Yongquan"(KI 1),the learning and memory ability of mice was measured by Lashley Ⅲ water maze test,and the ultrastructural changes of hippocampal CA 1 region was observed by electronic microscopy.Results The swimming escape latency and the number of navigating errors(dead-end forward swimming) in model group were significantly longer and more than those in normal control group(P<0.05);and those in EA group were considerably shorter and fewer than those in model group(P<0.05),suggesting an improvement of learning-memory ability after EA.Comparison of the ultrastructure of the neurons in the hippocampal CA 1 region showed swelling of the mitochondria,broken or disappearance of the mitochondrial cristae,degeneration of the synapses,breakage and vague outline of the basement membrane of the blood capillaries in mice of model group;and basically distinct outline of the mitochondrial cristae and microvessels,and more synaptic vesicles in EA group.Conclusion EA may effectively improve the learning-memory capacity of the APP transgenic AD mice and alleviate the pathological changes of neurons of the hippocampal CA 1 region,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying the improvement of AD by EA.关键词：Electroacupuncture;APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice;Alzheimer Disease1333|0|10更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To compare the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) of different acupoint groups on heart rate va-riability(HRV) and cerebral glutamate(Glu) and aspartic acid(Asp) contents in cerebrocardiac syndrome(CCS) rats.Methods A total of 52 Wistar rats were randomized into normal(n=8),sham-operation(sham,n=8),model(n=12),Shuigou-Fengfu(GV 26-GV 16,n=12),and Neiguan-Xinshu(PC 6-BL 15,n=12) groups.CCS model was established by intra-cerebral(Caudate nucleus) injection of clostridiopeptidase(1 U/μl) plus heparin(7 U/μl).EA(2 Hz/100 Hz,1-3 mA) was applied to GV 26-GV 16 and PC 6-BL 15 for 20 min,once daily for 3 days.Cerebral Glu and Asp contents were detected by high perfor-mance liquid chromatography,and HRV was analyzed by SMUP Software.Results In comparison with normal and sham groups,the R-R interval(RRI) of electrocardiogram and total variability(TV) of HRV,cerebral Glu and Asp contents in model group increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the ratio of low frequency/high frequency(LF/HF) decreased evidently(P<0.01).Compared with model group,RRI and TV values,and cerebral Glu and Asp contents of EA of GV 26-GV 16 and PC 6-BL 15 groups reduced markedly(P<0.01,P<0.05),LF/HF of the later two groups increased evidently(P<0.01).No significant differences were found between GV 26-GV 16 and PC 6-BL 15 groups in RRI,TV and LF/HF of HRV,and cerebral Glu and Asp contents(P>0.05).Conclusion EA of both GV 26-GV 16 and PC 6-BL 15 can effectively improve CCS in rats,which is closely associated with their effects in lowering cerebral Glu and Asp levels and in suppressing the excitability of sympathetic nerve.关键词：Cerebrocardiac syndrome;Heart rate variability;Cerebral glutamate;Cerebral aspartic acid;Electroacupuncture1329|0|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the analgesic effect of heat-reinforcing needling manipulation for acute inflammatory arthritis and its underlying mechanism in experimental rheumatoid arthritis rabbits.Methods A total of 60 rabbits were randomized into control(n=6),model(n=6),needle-twirling(n=24) and heat-reinforcing(n=24) groups,and the later 2 groups were further divided into 0 h,0.5 h,1 h and 2 h subgroups,with 6 cases in each.Rheumatoid arthritis model was established by injecting mixed solution of egg-albumin(4 mg/ml) and equal volume of complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) into the subcutaneous tissue(6 points around the shoulder,0.2 ml/point).Fourteen days later,the injection was repeated once again,and another 6 days later,egg-albumin(0.4 ml,20 mg/ml) solution was injected into the bilateral knee-joints."Zusanli"(ST 36) and "Hegu"(LI 4) were punctured and stimulated by needle-twirling or by heat-reinforcing needling technique for 1 min,with the needle retained for 30 min.The pain threshold of the paw was detected with K+import stimulation method.β-EP and PGE2 contents of the joint tissue were assayed with radioimmunoassay.Results Compared with model group,the pain threshold of needle-twirling group and heat-reinforcing group at each time-point increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05).Compared with needle-twirling group,the pain threshold of heat-reinforcing group at 0.5 h,1 h and 2 h subgroups increased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01).Both β-EP and PGE2 contents of model group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).In comparison with model group,β-EP contents of needle-twirling group and heat-reinforcing group at each time-point increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05),and PGE2 contents of needle-twirling group and heat-reinforcing group at each time-point decreased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05).The β-EP content of heat-reinforcing group was significantly higher than that of needle-twirling group at 2 h(P<0.05),while PGE2 content of the former group was significantly lower than that of needle-twirling group at 0 h(P<0.01).Conclusion Both needle-twirling and heat-reinforcing needling can effectively raise the pain threshold in acute arthritis rabbits,which my be closely associated with their effects in upregulating β-EP content and lowering PGE2 level in the local joint tissue.The analgesic effect of heat-reinforcing needling manipulation is superior to that of needle-twirling.关键词：Acute arthritis;heat-reinforcing needling;Needle-twirling;Acupuncture analgesia;Joint β-EP;Joint PGE2943|0|14更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) of "Huantiao"(GB 30) and "Weizhong"(BL 40) on the mechanical pain threshold and the long-term potentiation(LTP) of the spinal dorsal horn in rats with neuropathic pain.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomized into control(sham-operation),model and electroacupuncture(EA) groups,with 10 cases in each.The neuropathic pain model was established by ligature and transaction of the popliteal nerve and common peroneal nerve.EA(2 Hz,1 mA) was applied to "Huantiao"(GB 30) and "Weizhong"(BL 40) on the affected side for 30 min,once daily for 7 days.The mechanical pain threshold of the paw was detected before and after modeling and EA.LTP of C-fiber stimulation(2 mA,0.5 ms,100 Hz,interval 10 s,4 strains) evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn(L4/L5) was recorded in rats under anesthesia.Results Compared with control group,the pain threshold of model group reduced significantly from the 1st day on after ligature and transaction of the nerve(P<0.01),while 14 days after EA,it elevated evidently in comparison with model group(P<0.01),suggesting an increase of the mechanical pain threshold after EA.Comparison of the variance rates of C-fiber induced LTP of the field potential among the 3 groups showed that the variance rate of EA group was significantly lower than that of model group(P<0.01).Self-comparison of EA group showed that after EA,the variance rate of LTP reduced significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion EA of "Huantiao"(GB 30) and "Weizhong"(BL 40) can significantly relieve neuropathic pain in rats with nerve injury,and inhibit C-fiber high-frequency-stimulation induced LTP due to central sensitization induced abnormality synaptic transmission.关键词：Neuropathic pain;Electroacupuncture;Spinal dorsal horn neuron;Long-term potentiation1279|0|10更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE 50) on learning-memory ability and hippocampal cytokine contents in aging rats for exploring its underlying mechanism in the treatment of dysmnesy.Methods Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into control(n=9),model(n=8),EA(n=10),GBE 50(n=9) and EA+GBE 50(n=9) groups.The dysmnesy model was established by D-galactose intraperitoneal injection for 42 days.EA(3 Hz,1 mA) was applied to "Baihui"(GV 20) and "Zusanli"(ST 36) for 20 min,once every other day for 21 days.The learning-memory ability was detected by Morris water maze tests.The levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in hippocampus were examined by radioimmunoassay.Results Compared with control group,the mean escape latency(MEL) of the rats in model group was significantly greater on the 2nd and 3rd day training(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the percent of swimming distance(PSD) in the target quadrant was shortened significantly(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the MEL values of the rats in EA,GBE 50 and EA+GBE 50 groups were significantly shortened(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the PSD values of the later 3 groups increased considerably(P<0.01).Comparison among the EA,GBE 50 and EA+GBE 50 groups showed that the MEL of EA+GBE 50 was obviously shorter than those of EA and GBE 50 groups(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampus in model group increased significantly,but IL-6 decreased markedly(P<0.05,P<0.01).In comparison with model group,the IL-1β contents of EA,GBE 50 and EA+GBE 50 groups,and TNF-α of EA and EA+GBE 50 groups were reduced significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01);and the contents of IL-6 in GBE 50 and EA+GBE 50 groups increased apparently(P<0.01).No significant differences were found between model and EA groups in IL-6 levels,and between model and EA+GBE 50 groups in hippocampal TNF-α levels(P>0.05).Conclusion Both EA and GBE 50 can improve the dysmnesy rats' learning-memory ability,which may be closely associated with their effects in regulating hippocampal IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels to relieve the inflammatory reaction.Combined administration of EA and GBE 50 has a synergic effect.关键词：Dysmnesy;Hippocampal cytokines;EA;GBE 50;Combined administration of EA and GBE 50;Memory-learning ability1205|0|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the changes of carotid hemodynamic and hydraulic power indices after paralleled scalp-point acupuncture therapy in post-stroke patients.Methods Twenty post-stroke volunteer patients were enlisted in the present study.Aseptic filiform needles were inserted into Baihui(GV 20),bilateral Motor Area(MS 8),etc.with the needles retained for 5 min.The treatment was given one time.Hemodynamic indices: mean velocity of blood flow(Vmean),maximum velocity(Vmax),minimum velocity(Vmin),mean blood flow(Qmean),maximum blood flow(Qmax),minimum blood flow(Qmin),natural impedance(Zc),peripheral resistance(Rc),dynamic resistance(Dr),and critical pressure(Pc) before and after the treatment were detected with KF-3000 Brain Circulation Analyzer.The hydraulic power indices:stable potential energy(Ws),oscillation potential energy(Wo),total potential energy(Wc),stable kinetic energy(Ks),success kinetic energy(Ko),total kinetic energy(Kc),stable total energy(Ts),oscillation total energy(To),total energy(Tc),To/Tc,Kc/Tc,Wo/Wc and Ks/Kc were obtained through calculation.Results After the therapy,Vmin,Vmean,Qmin and Qmean increased significantly(P<0.001),while Rc decreased evidently(P<0.001).Ws,Ks,Ts,Wc,Kc,Tc and Kc/Tc increased obviously(P<0.001,P<0.05),and Ks/Kc declined significantly(P<0.01).The rest indices had no significant changes after the treatment.Conclusion Multiple paralleled scalp acupuncture needles stimulation can effectively raise the blood flow volume of the common caroitid artery,leading to an increase of the energy supply of the cerebral blood circulation,but has no apparent influence on the total oscillatory energy/total energy in stroke patients.关键词：Stroke patients;multiple paralleled scalp acupuncture needles;Carotid hydraulic power;Hemodynamic861|0|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on bispectral index(BIS) and plasma β-endorphin(β-EP) level in patients undergoing colonoscopy.Methods Sixty patients were equally randomized into EA group and control group with 30 cases in each.EA(2 Hz/100 Hz,4-6 V) was applied to the right Zusanli(ST 36) and Shangjuxu(ST 37),and the left Yinlingquan(SP 9),Sanyinjiao(SP 6) and bilateral Hegu(LI 4) respectively 30 min before colonoscopy.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR) and BIS in two groups were continuously monitored during the study.Plasma β-EP concentration was detected by radioimmunoassay.The patient's adverse reactions(including pain,satisfaction degree,etc.) were evaluated by visual analog scale(VAS) and verbal stress scale(VSS).Results Self-comparison showed that MAP and HR in control group increased significantly during colonoscope's splenic flexure passing(P<0.05).Whereas the 2 indexes in EA group had no significant changes during colonoscope insertion,and its splenic flexure passing,hepatic flexure passing and post-enteroscopy(P>0.05).Comparison between two groups showed that MAP at the time-point of colonoscope insertion,and HR at the time-point of colonoscope's splenic flexure passing in EA group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).BIS values of EA group were significantly lower than those of control group at different time-points after colonoscope insertion(P<0.01).Plasma β-EP concentrations at the time-points of colonoscope's hepatic flexure passing and post-enteroscopy were evidently increased in both groups in comparison with pre-enteroscopy(P<0.01),and β-EP was significantly lower in EA group than that in control group at the time-point of colonoscope's hepatic flexure passing(P<0.05).The dosage of Midazolam used for conscious-sedation and the scores of VAS and VSS were also considerably lower in EA group than those in control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).No significant differences were found between two groups in the adverse reactions as dizziness,nausea,vomiting and abdominal pain,but the patients' satisfaction degree in EA group was evidently higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture analgesia can effectively lower the colonoscopy patients' BIS value and plasma β-EP level,meaning attenuation of the patients' stress responses during colonoscopy after EA.关键词：Colonoscopy;Electroacupuncture;Bispectral index;Plasma β-endorphin817|0|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of needle-pricking bleeding combined with pulling-rotating manipulation and simple manipulation on blood rheology in vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis(VATCS) patients,so as to analyze their mechanisms in relieving VATCS.Methods A total of 198 VATCS patients were randomly divided into treatment group(n=101) which was treated with needle-pricking plus pulling-rotating manipulation,and control group(n=97) which was treated with simple pulling-rotating manipulation,according to the random number table.The treatment was given once every 7 days,9 times altogether.The peak systolic blood flow velocity(Vpeak),end-diastolic blood velocity(Vmin),pulsatility index(PI) and resistent index(RI) of bilateral vertebral arteries(VA) and basilar artery(BA) were detected by transcranial doppler sonography(TCD).Whole blood apparent viscosity and the plasma viscosity in the treatment group were determined by using a blood viscosimeter.Results Of the 101 and 97 VATCS cases in the treatment and control groups,62(61.38%) and 12(12.37%) were cured basically,23(22.77%) and 26(26.80%) experienced marked improvement,14(13.86%) and 41(42.27%) were improved,2(1.98%) and 18(18.55%) failed in the treatment,with the total effective rates being 98.01% and 81.44% separately.The effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,Vpeak and Vmin of the bilateral VA and BA in the treatment group,and Vpeak of the right VA in the control group increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05),PI and RI of the bilateral VA and BA in the treatment group,and PI and RI of the right VA in the control group decreased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05),suggesting a marked reduction of the vascular resistance and an apparent increase of the cerebral blood supply after the treatment.The therapeutic effects of the above-mentioned indexes of treatment group were significantly superior to those of the control group(P<0.05).In comparison with pre-treatment,the whole blood apparent viscosity(high,medium and low shear rates) and plasma viscosity of the treatment group post-treatment were obviously reduced(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Needle-pricking therapy combined with pulling-rotating manipulation can significantly improve VATCS patients' clinical symptoms,which may be closely related to its effects in lowering vascular blood resistance and blood viscosity and increasing cerebral blood supply.关键词：Vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis;Needle-pricking therapy;Pulling-rotating manipulation;Transcranial Doppler sonography1106|0|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：To develop a practical clinical decision support system(CDSS) for acu-moxibustion therapy is of highly realistic significance in assisting acupuncturists with their decision-making tasks.In the present paper,the authors review the general state of studies on CDSS and analyze the extant problems and those needing to be tackled urgently in acu-moxibustion clinic.Secondly,the authors put forward some thoughts on developing CDSS for acu-moxibustion and analyze its practicability.In conclusion,the authors think that by making full use of modern methodology of evidence-based medicine and utilizing the abundant available information of current databases and data mining techniques,to develop a practical CDSS for acu-moxibustion is necessary.关键词：Clinical decision support system for acu-moxibustion;Evidence-based medicine;Data mining1475|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Abundant research results have shown that multiple levels and links of cellular transmembrane signal transduction pathways in the target organs were involved in the efficacy of acupuncture.For instance,1) various extra-cellular growth factors for initiating signal transduction by activating tyrosine protein kinase and non-receptor tyrosine kinase,2) G protein-coupled protein kinase-second signal messengers,3) ligands acting on intra-nuclear receptors to activate transduction pathway of nuclear transcription factors of the target genes,have been demonstrated in the favorable regulating process of acupuncture and moxibustion in different pathological animal models.In the present paper,the authors review the progress of studies on the abovementioned mechanism of acu-moxibustion underlying improving some disorders as 1) pain,cerebral ischemia,and senile dementia,2) inflammation and tumor,and 3) myocardial ischemia.Moreover,the authors also analyze the extant problems and make a prospect on the future studies about the cellular transmembrane signal transduction pathways involving the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion.关键词：Acupuncture and moxibustion;Cellular signal transduction;G protein;Tyrosine protein kinase;Gene nuclear transcription;Protein phosphorylation983|0|1更新时间：2023-08-11
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