最新刊期
卷 43 ， 期 6 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)of"Zusanli"(ST 36)on mitochondrial oxidative stress of skeletal muscle in rats with chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)based on adenosine 5′-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator-1α(PGC-1α )signaling,in order to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of CFS.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control,CFS model,EA-Zusanli(ST 36)and EA-non-acupoint groups(n=10 rats in each group).The CFS model was established by forced exhausted load-bearing swimming(twice daily),chronic constraint(1 h)and sleep deprivation(20 h/day)for 14 days.Following modeling,EA(2 Hz/100 Hz,2 V)was applied to bilateral Zusanli(ST 36)or non-acupoint(about 10-15 mm superior to the bilateral Iliac creast and about 20 mm lateral to the posterior median line)for 20 min,once a day for 10 days.The expression levels of ATP synthase,AMPK,phosphorylated(p)-AMPK,silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1(SIRT 1)and PGC-1α proteins,and ATP synthase,SIRT 1 and PGC-1α mRNAs of the quadriceps femoris muscle were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR,respectively.The rats' grabbing force was detected by using agrabbing-force detector.Results Compared with the normal group,the grabbing force,and the expression levels of ATP synthase and PGC-1α proteins and mRNAs were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the expression of SIRT 1 protein was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05)in the CFS model group.Following EA intervention,the grabbing force and the expression levels of ATP synthase mRNA,SIRT 1 and PGC-1α proteins and mRNAs,and p-AMPK/AMPK were significantly up-regulated in the EA-Zusanli(ST 36)group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion EA of ST 36 can raise the grabbing force of CFS rats,which may be related to its effects in up-regulating the expression of ATP synthase mRNA,SIRT 1 and PGC-1α proteins and mRNAs,and p-AMPK/AMPK to reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress reaction and in increasing ATP synthesis.关键词：Chronic fatigue syndrome;Electroacupuncture;Skeletal muscle;Grabbing force;Mitochondrial oxidative stress;AMPK/PGC-1α signaling622|918|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)and EA combined with intracerebral injection of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)on endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)related proteins and genes as activating transcription factor(ATF 6),inositol requiring enzyme-1(IRE 1),CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein(CHOP),X box-binding protein-1(XBP 1)of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury(CIRI)rats,so as to study its repair effect for CIRI.Methods Forty male SD rats were equally and randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation,model,EA,VEGF and EA+VEGF groups(n=8).The CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery(MCAO)with thread embolism method.For rats of the sham operation group,the right common carotid artery was isolated without MCAO.EA(2 Hz/100 Hz,1-3 mA)was applied to"Baihui"(GV 20),left"Quchi"(LI 11)and left"Zusanli"(ST 36)for 30 min,once a day for 14 days.For rats of the VEGF and EA+VEGF groups,10!L VEGF(0.025!g/!L)was injected into the lateral ventricle 24 hafter successful modeling.The rats' neurological function was assessed by using the modified neurological severity score(mNSS),and the histopathological changes of cerebral tissue were observed by Nissl staining method.The expression levels of ERS related proteins and genes ATF 6,IRE 1,XBP 1 and CHOP were determined by western blot(WB)and fluorescent quantitative PCR,separately.Results After modeling,the level of mNSS was significantly higher in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.05),and the number of Nissl bodies was markedly lower in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.05).Following the treatment,the mNSS was significantly lower in the EA,VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group(P<0.05),and the numbers of Nissl bodies were obviously higher in the EA,VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group(P<0.05),suggesting an improvement of neurological dysfunction and a repair of the injured cerebral tissue after the treatment.The levels of CIRI-induced increase of mNSS and CIRI-induced decrease of the number of Nissl bodies in the EA+VEGF group were respectively remarkably lower or higher than those of the simple EA and simple VEGF groups(P<0.05).WB and PCR showed that the expression levels of ATF 6,IRE 1,XBP1 and CHOP proteins and genes were notably higher in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.05),and considerably lower in the EA,VEGF and EA+VEGF groups than in the model group(P<0.05).Comparison among the three treatment groups showed that after the treatment,the expression levels of ATF 6,IRE 1,XBP1 and CHOP proteins and genes were obviously lower in the EA+VEGF group than in the EA and VEGF groups(P<0.05).Conclusion EA and EA plus intracerebral microinjection of VEGF can improve neurological function and promote cerebral tissue repair in CIRI rats,which is associated with their effects in down-regulating the expression of ERS related proteins ATF 6,IRE 1,XBP1 and CHOP.The effect of EA+VEGF is superior to that of simple EA and simple VEGF.关键词：Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion;Electroacupuncture(EA);Endoplasmic reticulum stress;ERS related proteins;Intracerebral injection;VEGF622|479|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of catgut embedment at"Baihui"(GV 20),"Dazhui"(GV 14),etc.on learning-memory ability,expression of hippocampal protein kinase C interacting protein 1(PICK 1)and glutamate receptor 2(GluR 2)proteins and level of calcium ions,so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of vascular cognitive impairment.Methods A total of 56 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation,model,catgut embedment and medication groups(n=14 in each).The chronic ischemic cognitive impairment model was established by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries.The catgut embedment was applied to GV 20,GV 14,"Shenshu"(BL 23)and"Xuanzhong"(GB 39),once a week,for 4 weeks.Rats of the medication group received intraperitoneal injection of monosialate tetrahexose ganglioside sodium(GM-1,0.33 mg/kg),once daily for 4 weeks.The rats' learning-memory ability was detected by Morris water maze tasks,pathological changes of hippocampal Nissl's bodies were tested by Nissl staining.The expression levels of PICK 1 and GluR 2 proteins in the hippocampus were detected by Western bolt(WB),and the concentration of calcium ions in the hippocampus tissue was measured by Bicinchoninic acid(BCA)assay.Results After modeling,the mean escape latencies of place navigation test were significantly increased while the crossing times of target platform quadrant of space probing test notably decreased in the model,catgut embedment and medication groups compared with their own individual pre-modeling(P<0.01).Following the treatment,the increased mean escape latencies and decreased crossing times were markedly reversed in both catgut embedment and medication groups relevant to the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Nissl staining showed that after modeling,a smaller amount of Nissl bodies with dispersing arrangement,reduction in cellular volume,and loss of large amount of cells with vague structure,and hyperchromatic nuclear pyknosis were found in the hippocampus tissue,which was relatively milder in both catgut embedment and medication groups.The hippocampal PICK 1 protein expression and the calcium ion concentration were obviously higher in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.01),and significantly lower in both embedment and medication groups than in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05),while hippocampal GluR 2 protein expression was obviously lower in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.01),and markedly higher in both embedment and medication groups than in the model group(P<0.05,P<0.01).No significant differences were found between the embedment and medication groups in the abovementioned indexes(P>0.05).Conclusion Catgut implantation at GV 20 etc.can effectively improve the learning-memory ability in rats with chronic ischemic cognitive impairment,which may be related to its effects in down-regulating the expression of PICK 1 and calcium ion concentration and up-regulating the expression of AMPA receptor subunit GluR 2 protein in the hippocampus.关键词：Ischemic cognitive impairment;Catgut embedment;Learning-memory ability;Hippocampus;Protein kinase C interacting protein 1(PICK 1);Glutamate receptor 2(GluR 2)605|346|9更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To explore the effectiveness of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of Shu-and Mu-points of Lung and Large Intestine Meridians combined with administration of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction(DCQD)in the treatment of inflammatory injury in rats with acute pancreatitis,so as to reveal their synergetic anti-inflammatory effect.Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal control,model,DCQD,EA,EA+DCQD,with 8 rats in each group.All the rats except those in the normal group received a retrograde biliopancreatic duct injection of sodium Taurocholate(3.0%,0.1 mL/100 g)to induce an acute pancreatitis model.Twenty-four hours after modeling,EA(4 Hz/50 Hz)was applied to bilateral Shupoints"Feishu"(BL 13)and"Dachangshu"(BL 25),and Mu-points"Zhongfu"(LU 1)and"Tianshu"(ST 25)for 20 min,once every 7 h,3 times in total.Rats of the DCQD and EA+DCQD groups were given intra-gastric gavage of DCQD(1 mL/100 g)24 h after modeling,and those of the other 3 groups were given intra-gastric gavage of same dosage of normal saline.The histopathological changes of the pancreas,lung and large intestine tissues were observed after H.E.staining and scored according to Schmidt's and colleagues' methods(the severity of edema,inflammation,hemorrhage,necrosis).The concentrations of interleukin-6(IL-6)and IL-10 in the serum,and those of myeloperoxidase(MPO)and malonaldehyde(MDA)in the lung and large intestine tissues were detected by using double-antibody sandwich ELISA.Results After modeling,the histopathological scores of pancreas,lung and large intestine tissues,the concentrations of MPO and MDA in lung and large intestine,and the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in serum were significantly increased in the model group compared with the normal control group(P<0.05).Following the treatment,the histopathological scores of pancreas,lung and large intestine tissues,the contents of MPO and MDA in the lung and large intestine,and serum IL-6 were considerably reduced in the EA,DCQD and EA+DCQD groups relevant to the model group(P<0.05),while serum IL-10 content was notably increased in the three treatment groups(P<0.05).The therapeutic effect of EA+DCQD was significantly superior to that of simple EA and simple DCQD in down-regulating the histopathological scores of lung and large intestine tissues,the contents of MPO and MDA in the lung and large intestine,and serum IL-6 level,and up-regulating serum IL-10 level(P<0.05).No significant differences were found between the EA and DCQD groups in the above-mentioned 9 indexes(P>0.05).Conclusion EA and DCQD can relieve the inflammatory injury of the pancreas,lung and large intestine tissues in rats with acute pancreatitis,and EA combined with DCQD has a better synergetic effect in reducing oxidative stress level and inflammatory reaction.关键词：Acute pancreatitis;Electroacupuncture;Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction;Shu-and Mu-points;Inflammatory response553|407|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of manual acupuncture stimulation of paired"Baihui"(GV 20)+"Shenmen"(HT 7),GV 20+"Sanyinjiao"(SP 6),and GV 20+non-acupoint on expression of melatonine(MT)and suprachiasmatic melatonin receptor 1(MT_1)and melatonin receptor 2(MT_2)mRNAs in insomnia rats,so as to explore their action difference and the underlying mechanism in improving insomnia.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control(n=12),model(n=8),GV 20+HT 7(n=12),GV 20+SP 6(n=11),and GV 20+non-acupoint(n=10)groups.The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of Para-chlorophenylalanine suspension(50 mg/mL,50 mg/100 g),once daily for 2 days.The abovementioned acupoints GV 20,bilateral HT 7,SP 6 and non-acupoints(the midpoint between the elbow-tip and armpit on the medial side of the upper-arm)were punctured with filiform needles and manipulated by rotating the needle for about 1 min which was repeated once again every 10 min during 30 minutes' needle-retaining.The treatment was conducted once daily for7 days.The expression levels of MT immunoactivity in the conarium tissue,and MT_1 and MT_2 mRNAs of the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)region were detected using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence quantitative real time-PCR,respectively.Results After modeling,the expression levels of pineal MT(an increase of gray value means a decrease of immunoactivity),SCN MT_1 and MT_2 mRNAs were notably down-regulated in the model group relevant to the normal control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Following the treatment,the down-regulated expression levels of MT protein,and MT_1 and MT_2 mRNAs were obviously reversed in the GV 20+HT 7,GV 20 + SP 6 groups relevant to the model group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The therapeutic effect of GV 20+HT 7 was superior to that of GV 20+non-acupoint in up-regulating the expression of MT_1 mRNA(P<0.01),and markedly superior to that of GV 20+SP 6 and GV 20+non-acupoint in increasing the sleep duration and in up-regulating the expression of MT_2 mRNA(P<0.01).No significant differences were found among the 3 treatment groups in up-regulating the expression of MT(P>0.05).Conclusion Manual acupuncture stimulation of GV 20+HT 7 and GV 20+SP 6 can improve the sleep disorder in insomnia rats,which may be related to its effects in increasing the levels of pineal MT protein,and MT_1 and MT_2 mRNAs in hypothalamic SCN.关键词：Insomnia;Manual acupuncture;Paired acupoints;Pineal melatonin;Melatonin receptors;Hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus651|744|8更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective We have repeatedly demonstrated that electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of"Shenmen"(HT7)-"Tongli"(HT 5)segment of the Heart Meridian can improve acute myocardial ischemia(AMI).This study aimed at observing the effect of EA on contents of hippocampal norepinephrine(NE),and interleukin 6(IL-6),IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in AMI rats,so as to explore its underlying mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation(sham),model and EA(n=6 rats in each).The anterior descending branch(ADB)of the left coronary artery was occluded to make an AMI model.For rats of the sham group,a surgical suture was simply threaded beneath the ADB without ligation.EA(2 Hz/15 Hz,1 mA)was applied to bilateral"Shenmen"(HT 7)-"Tongli"(HT 5)and the middle-point between HT 7 and HT 5 for 30 min,once daily for 3 days.Electrocardiogram(ECG)of the neck-thoracic lead was recorded by using PowerLab 16.The contents of serum creatine kinase(CK),hippocampal IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-αwere assayed by ELISA.The concentration of NE in hippocampal CA 1 area was detected by microdialysis combined with electrochemical detector.Results Compared with the sham group,the ECG-ST height,serum CK,hippocampal NE,IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-αcontents of the CA 1 region were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.001).Whereas,after EA intervention,the serum CK,hippocampal NE,IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-αcontents were obviously down-regulated relevant to the model group(P<0.05,P<0.001),and the IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-αcontents were positively correlated with the NE level(P<0.001,P<0.01).Conclusion EA stimulation of the Heart Meridian may improve ischemic myocardial injury in AMI rats,probably by reducing the proinflammatory factors and hippocampal NE.关键词：Acute myocardial ischemia;Electroacupuncture;Norepinephrine;Proinflammatory factors628|598|5更新时间：2023-08-11
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Effect of Electroacupuncture on Learning-memory Ability in Rats with Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy
摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)on changes of learning-memory ability,psychomotor coordination and anxiety-like behavior of cerebral hypoxic-ischemia(CHI)young rats,so as to explore its protective effect on neurons under hypoxic-ischemic conditions.Methods SD rats(aged 7 days)were randomly divided into sham operation(sham,n=12),model(n=11),and EA groups(n=12).In addition,6 young rats in each group were used for observing the number of dendritic spines after Golgi staining.The CHI model was established by ligation of the left common carotid artery combined with hypoxia in a closed transparent vessel.EA was applied to"Baihui"(GV 20)and"Dazhui"(GV 14)for 20 min,once every other day,for 28 days.The rats' behavior changes were assessed by using rotarod performance(for psychomotor coordination),elevated plus maze(anxiety-like behavior)tests and Morris water maze(learning-memory ability)tests,separately.Results After modeling,the average escape latency and average escape distance of location navigation test within 70 seconds were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the average times and average duration of safe-platform quadrant crossing of spacial probing test were markedly reduced relevant to the sham group(P<0.05).After EA treatment,CHI-induced increases of escape latency and escape distance,and the decreased times and duration of platform quadrant crossing were significantly reversed(P<0.05).No significant differences were found among the three groups in the falling latency of rotarod performance test,and in the time of opening and closing arms of elevated plus maze tests(P>0.05).The density of dendritic spines was significantly lower in the model group than in the sham group(P <0.05),and notably higher in the EA group than in the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion EA can improve the learning-memory ability of CHI young rats,which may be related to its effect in protecting the dendritic spines of CA 1 region of hippocampus from injury.500|222|2更新时间：2023-08-11 - 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of liver-soothing and mental-activity-regulating(LSMAR)needling on behavior reactions and contents of serum calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),substance P(SP),interleukin-1β(IL-1β )and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in migraine rats,so as to explore its mechanism underlying relief of migraine.Methods Thirtytwo male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control,model,LSMAR needling and conventional needling groups(n=8 rats in each).The migraine model was established by hypodermic injection of glyceryl trinitrate(5 mg/kg)at the napex.Acupuncture preconditioning was conducted once daily for 8 days before modeling.Acupuncture needles were inserted into"Baihui"(GV 20),and bilateral"Fengchi"(GB 20),"Neiguan"(PC 6)and "Taichong"(LR 3),manipulated for a while and retained for 30 min.The rats' behavioral changes(times of head scratching,tail-biting,cage-crawling,and to-and fro-movement in 30 min)were scored(one symptom = one point)before modeling,after modeling,and after intervention.The concentrations of CGRP,SP,IL-1β ,TNF-αin serum were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results After modeling,the behavioral scores were significantly increased in the migraine model rats relevant to the control group(P<0.05).Whereas after the treatment,the behavior scores were considerably decreased during 60-90 min and 120-150 min of the measuring period in both LSMAR and conventional needling groups compared with the model group(P<0.05).The concentrations of CGRP,SP,IL-1β and TNF-αwere significantly higher in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05),and notably lower in both LSMAR and conventional needling groups than in the model group(P<0.05).The therapeutic effect of LSMAR was markedly superior to that of conventional needling in down-regulating the concentrations of CGRP,SP,IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture preconditioning can effectively relieve pain in migraine rats possibly by decreasing the concentrations of CGRP,SP,IL-1β and TNF-αin the peripheral blood,and the therapeutic effect of LSMAR is evidently superior to that of conventional needling.关键词：Migraine;Manual acupuncture;Liver-soothing and mental-activity-regulating needling;Behavioral score;Calcitonin gene-related peptide;Substance P;interleukin-1β;Tumor necrosis factor-α567|548|7更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the clinical effectiveness of acupoint catgut embedding and surface electromyogram biofeedback therapy(sEMGBF)in the treatment of stroke patients complicated with shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS).MethodsA total of 90 stroke patients with SHS were randomly divided into acupoint catgut embedment(ACE),sEMGBF and ACE+sEMGBF(combined treatment)groups(n=30 cases/group).The catgut embedment was performed at Jianliao(LI 14),Jianyu(LI 15),Quchi(LI 11),Waiguan(TE 5)on the affected side,once every 3 weeks,twice altogether.The electromyographic biofeedback therapy(30-50 Hz,pulse duration 200 !s,6 s-on and 10 s-off,appropriate strength)was applied to the skin area covering the deltoid muscle,flexor muscle of wrist and wrist extensor for 20 min,once per day,5 times/week,for 6 weeks.The total effective rate was assessed by using Liao's and Zhu's methods(1996),the pain severity assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS),and Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA,66-points)scale and the patients' activities of daily living function(ADL,100-points)were also scored.Results Before treatment,the VAS,FMA and ADL points of the three groups were not significantly different(P>0.05).After the treatment,the total effective rate(93.33%),FMA and ADL scores of the combined treatment group were significantly higher than those of the ACE and sEMGBF groups(P<0.05),while the VAS score of the combined treatment group was significantly lower than those of the ACE and sEMGBF groups(P<0.05).The total effective rates,FMA and ADL scores of the ACE and sEMGBF groups were comparable(P>0.05).The VAS score of the ACE group was markedly lower than that of the sEMGBF group(P<0.05).Conclusion The combined administration of ACE and sEMGBF has a better therapeutic effect for stroke patients complicated with SHS relevant to simple ACE and simple sEMGBF therapy in improving the upper limb function,relieving pain,and enhancing the daily life quality.关键词：Stroke patients with shoulder-hand syndrome;Acupoint catgut embedding;Surface electromyographic biofeedback therapy;Limb motor function;Pain;Daily life activities610|402|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Ultra-weak bioluminescence(UWL)is a physiological phenomenon widely existing in all the biological activities including human,animals,plants,etc.,which reflects the energy metabolism of the organism.Since the last century,ultraweak photon emission(UPE)has been applied to the study of the essence of meridians and acupoints of traditional Chinese medicine and obtained some results as the higher luminescence characteristics,but many problems remain unsolved due to the limitation of detection technology.In recent years,along with the development of bioluminescence signal acquiring system and imaging system,we are able to further explore the characteristics and biological mechanisms of UWL of acupuncture points and meridians in the human body.We proposed to study changes of ultra-weak luminous intensity of acupuncture points and meridians before and after needling stimulation,and the delayed effect of UPE phenomenon,etc.,trying to reveal their regularities and essence.In this paper,the prospect of application of UPE to acupuncture research is also discussed by combining newly acquired results of some biological substances of acupoints in experimental studies.关键词：Biological ultra-weak luminescence;Acupuncture;Meridians;Acupuncture points;Ultra-weak photon emission529|562|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To analyze the regularity of acupoint selection,main acupoints and theoretical basis in acupuncture treatment of urticaria.Methods Papers collected from the time of establishment of each database to September of 2017 were retrieved from databases CNKI,CBM,VIP and WF by using keywords of"acupuncture""moxibustion""blood-letting therapy""autohemotherapy""cupping""acupoint catgut embedding""auricular points""acupoint injection""fire-needle"(or red-hot needle),"dermal needle""needle-embedding""urticaria"in both Chinese and English.The collected papers were brought into analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,from which the prescriptions for acupuncture treatment of urticaria were subjected into descriptive statistical analysis,association rule analysis,and cluster analysis by using Access 2010,Clementine18.0 and Stata software.Results Outcomes of analysis indicated that the treatment methods of urticaria with acupuncture and moxibustion,with different emphases,may be classified into eight categories.For treating the exterior syndrome of urticaria,acupoints of the Bladder Meridian,Governor Vessel and Conception Vessel were often employed to harmonize Ying and Wei and to dispel the pathogenic wind,while for treating the interior syndrome,acupoints of the Large Intestine Meridian,Spleen Meridian,and Stomach Meridian were usually used to invigorate the spleen to dispel dampness and to regulate blood circulation.The top five frequently used acupoints were Quchi(LI 11),Xuehai(SP 10),Zusanli(ST 36),Sanyinjiao(SP 6)and Geshu(BL 17).It was crucial to make use of the specific acupoints with adequate meridian-qi,such as He-Sea points,Back-Shu points,and YuanPrimary points.There were some fixed forms in the combination of acupoints,including LI 11,SP 10,Dazhui(GV 14)and auricular Lung,Shenmen,Fengxi,Adrenal gland,which had the highest confidence coefficient for the meridian points and ear acupoints,respectively.The outcomes of cluster analysis about the acupoint prescriptions showed that 12 acupoint groups as the SP 6-Hegu(LI 4)-LI 11-SP 10-ST 36,etc.were frequently used.Conclusion The regularity of acupuncture treatment of urticaria can be discovered using data mining technology,resulting in an in-depth understanding and having a solid theoretical basis.关键词：Acupuncture-moxibustion;Urticaria;Data mining technology;Rules of acupoint selection;Theoretical analysis585|1629|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：This paper summarizes the evolvement of the needle manipulation techniques described in the textbooks of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of the past successive 10 editions in Chinese,analyzes the reasons for the evolvement and its impact on clinical treatment,and proposes future developing trends.After analyzing characteristics of needle-manipulation techniques of the well-known Chinese acupuncture specialists,and those described in multi-editions of the textbooks,we found that the currently evoluted contents primarily contain the definition and types of manipulating techniques.However,the reasons for the evolvement and connotation of needle manipulating are probably due to a)undefined descriptions in the history;b)changes in the academic studies and clinical application of acupuncture and moxibustion during the textbook compilation;c)the well-known specialists' and the participated editors' academic thoughts;d)the textbook content setting needs,etc.The evolvement reflects the changed preoccupations of factors affecting clinical efficacy of acupuncture manipulations,and facilitates the implementation of standardized clinical operative procedures.The development of current acupuncture needle manipulation techniques emphasizes the quantification of manual manipulations,fits clinical needs,and pays more attention to the pressing hand during needle insertion.关键词：Acupuncture and Moxibustion;Acupuncture needle manipulation techniques;Evolvement of needle manipulation techniques556|345|4更新时间：2023-08-11
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