最新刊期
卷 46 ， 期 1 ， 2021
- 摘要：There are numerous somatic therapies("counter-irritation") in the worldwide ancient civilization countries. Its application are basically similar to those of external therapies of Chinese civilization. The present paper introduces "somatic therapies" and acupuncture-moxibustion from the historic evolution of world medicine and calls a renaissance of modern somatic medicine.关键词：Somatic therapies;Counter-irritation remedy;Acupuncture-moxibustion;Somato-medicine38|495|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) on conditioned place preference(CPP) and activation of glutamatergic neurons in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex(VMPFC) of morphine-addiction rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying detoxification.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into control, model and EA groups. The rats with acquisition of morphine-induced CPP received intraperitoneal injection of morphine(10 mg/kg) in the morphine-paired chamber, once daily for 3 consecutive days, and those of the control group received intraperitoneal injection of the same dose of normal saline in saline-paired chamber. Thirty minutes before CPP acquisition training, EA(2 Hz/100 Hz, 0.5 to 1.0 mA) was applied to ST36 and SP6 for 20 min every day. The double-labeled neurons of Fos/vesicular glutamate transporter 2(VGLUT2) in the VMPFC were detected by using fluorescent immunohistochemistry. The discharges of the VMPFC neurons were recorded by using a multi-channel microarray electrophysiological system, followed by performing a z-score standardized processing. The ratio of firing rate frequency of rats in the morphine-paired chamber/saline-paired chamber was calculated, and further statistical analysis was conducted on the data based on the standardized z-scores. The neuronal firing characteristic of glutamatergic neuron is low frequency and wide wave. Results Compared with the control group, the score of morphine-induced CPP and numbers of Fos, VGLUT2-positive and Fos-VGLUT2 double-labeled positive cells were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05). After EA and in comparison with the model group, the morphine CPP score and numbers of Fos, VGLUT2-positive and Fos-VGLUT2 double-labeled cells were significantly reduced in the EA group(P<0.01,P<0.05). The ratio of firing rate of the VMPFC neurons in the preference chamber and the percentage of inhibitory neurons as well as the z-score were considerably lower in the EA group than in the model group(P<0.001).Conclusion EA can suppress morphine-induced seeking behavior in rats, which may be related to its inhibitory effect on glutamatergic neurons in the VMPFC.关键词：Acupuncture;Morphine addiction;Conditioned place preference;Ventromedical prefrontal cortex51|541|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture on the behavior, serum inflammatory cytokines, hippocampal Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome-related proteins and microglia activation in rats with intrauterine distress induced ischemia-hypoxic brain injury(HIBD), so as to explore the mechanism of acupuncture underlying treatment of HIBD by regulating hippocampal inflammation. Methods The HIBD model was established by clipping bilateral uterine arteries for 10 min and delaying caesarean delivery. HIBD rats were randomly divided into model group and acupuncture group according to body weight and litter factors, with 12 rats in each group. Twelve rats delivered normally were regarded as the normal group. Acupuncture was applied to bilateral "Benshen"(GB13) for 10 min, once a day for 14 consecutive days. H.E. staining was used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampus. The three chamber sociability test was used to determine the rat's social ability. The serum IL-1β and IL-18 levels, the hippocampal expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis associated speck like protein containing CARD(ASC) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1), andionized calcium bindingadaptor molecule-1(IBA-1) were detected by ELISA,Western blot and Immunofluorescence, separately. Results Compared with the normal group, The hippocampal neurons in the model group are arranged loosely, and the cells are solidified and shrunk and the whole cells are deeply stained. The time of exploring the stranger rat in the model group was significantly reduced(P<0.01). The contents of IL-1β and IL-18, the expressions of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 and IBA-1 of the model group were higher than those of the normal group(P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). Following acupuncture intervention, the cell structure of hippocampal neurons was improved, and there were fewer cases of cell solidification, atrophy, and deep staining. In comparison with the model group, the time of exploring stranger rat in the acupuncture group was significantly increased(P<0.01). The contents of IL-1β and IL-18, the expressions of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1, and IBA-1 of the acupuncture group were significantly down-regulated than those of the model group(P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture can effectively improve the social behavior deficits of HIBD rats,which may be related to inhibition of the expression of inflammatory response proteins NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 in the hippocampus, decrease the activation of microglia in the hippocampus, and reduce serum IL-1β and IL-18, thereby alleviating inflammation.关键词：Acupuncture;Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage;Inflammation;Social deficits53|369|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on behavior, tyrosine hydroxylase(TH), mitochondrial complexes Ⅰ—Ⅳ, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial ultrastructure of Parkinson's disease(PD) mice, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of PD. Methods C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal, model, medication(Madopar) and EA groups(n=11 in each group). PD model was duplicated by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP, 30 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) for consecutively 5 d. EA was performed on the chorea tremor areas on both sides of the head of mice for 15 min, once a day for 14 d. The behavioral changes of mice were observed. The expression of TH in substantia nigra compacta of midbrain was detected by immunohistochemistry. The activities of mitochondrial complexes Ⅰ—Ⅳ were measured. The changes of mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by JC-1 staining method. The ultrastructural changes of striatum mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results After modeling, the mice showed obvious behavioral abnormalities such as tremor, vertical hair and tail warping, and the pole test time in the model group was significantly longer than that in the normal group(P<0.01). After 7 and 14 days of the treatment, the pole test time in the EA and medication groups was shorter than that in the model group(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the number of TH positive cells of the substantia nigra, the mitochondrial membrane potential and the activity of mitochondrial complex I were decreased significantly in the model group(P<0.01), and EA and medication intervention reversed these changes(P<0.01). The mitochondrial structure of mice in the model group was obviously damaged, and the damage of mitochondrial structure was alleviated and the number of damaged mitochondria was decreased in the EA and medication groups. Conclusion EA can protect and promote the recovery of mitochondrial structure and function in MPTP-induced PD mice, which may play a neuroprotective effect on PD mice by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, balancing cell homeostasis and reducing dopaminergic neuron damage.关键词：Parkinson's disease;Electroacupuncture;Mitochondrial function;Mitochondrial complex;Mitochondrial membrane potential40|618|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect difference of electroacupuncture(EA) at the sensitized and non-sensitized acupoint "Tianshu"(ST25) on the motility of jejunum in rats.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, sensitized ST25(sensitization), and non-sensitized ST25(non-sensitization) groups(n=16 in each group). The sensitization and non-sensitization were induced by injection of 15% mustard oil(20 μL) and Paraffin oil(20 μL) into the left ST25 area respectively. The rats' behavior reactions were assessed by recording the numbers and duration of licking the local sensitized skin region. At the end of experiments and after regular trans-cardiac perfusion and fixing with 10% neutral formaldehyde, the skin and muscular tissues of the ST25 region(1 cm×1 cm) were taken for H.E. staining to observe the local histopathologic changes. The intestinal motility was detected by recording the contraction pressure waves of jejunum through a small balloon-connected pressure transducer and an amplifier, followed by calculating the ratios of amplitude and frequency of contraction waves between pre-and post-EA stimulation. EA(2 Hz, 0.2—6.0 mA) was applied to the sensitized and non-sensitized ST25 regions for 20 s for comparing their effects on jejunum motility.Results Compared with the blank control group, mustard oil injection but not Paraffin oil injection resulted in histological edema and neutrophils infiltration in tissues of ST25 region, and also striking increase of the number and duration of licking(P<0.01), suggesting a sensitization of ST25 area after mustard oil injection. The ratios of spontaneous contraction amplitude and frequency of jejunum were remarkably decreased in mustard oil-treated rats compared to baseline and Paraffin oil group(P<0.001,P<0.01). The maximum inhibitory effect of EA on the intestinal movement amplitude was significantly higher in the sensitization group than in the blank control and non-sensitization groups(P<0.05,P<0.01), and there was a dose-effect relationship between the current intensity of EA(0.5—3.0 mA) and the inhibitory rate 50% of the contraction amplitude(not the frequency) in the sensitization group(P<0.001), but not in the blank control and non-sensitization groups(P>0.05). Additionally, 1.5 mA EA stimulation at the sensitized ST25(not at the non-sensitized ST25) had an inhibitory effect on the contraction amplitude(P<0.05) rather than on the contraction frequency(P>0.05) in comparison with the blank control group.Conclusion Sensitization of acupoint ST25 can modulate the motility of jejunum and enhances the inhibitory effect of EA on the contraction amplitude of jejunum in rats. The inhibitory effect of sensitized ST25 EA is evidently stronger than that of the non-sensitized ST25 EA.关键词：Acupoint sensitization;Tianshu(ST25);Electroacupuncture;Dose-effect relationship51|722|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on the hypothalamic Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/inhibitor nuclear factor kappa-B α(IκBα)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling pathway in obese insulin resistance(OIR) rats,so as to explore the mechanism of EA underlying improving of insulin resistance. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal, model and EA groups, with 8 rats in each group. The rat model of OIR was established by feeding with high-fat diet for 8 weeks. EA(2 Hz,1 mA)was applied to unilateral"Zusanli"(ST36),"Fenglong"(ST40),"Zhongwan"(CV12)and"Guanyuan"(CV4)for 10 min, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The body mass, fasting blood glucose(FBG) and postprandial blood glucose(PBG) were measured before and after 2、4、6、8 weeks' intervention. An intraperitoneal injection glucose tolerance test and hyperglycemic clamps were applied to test insulin resistance. The expression of TLR4、p-IκBα、NF-κB p65、TNF-α、IL-1β mRNA and protein in hypothalamus was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, separately. Results Compared with the normal group, the body mass and PBG of the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01); glucose infusion rate(GIR) was significantly reduced(P<0.01); in the IPGTT test, the increase in blood glucose was significantly greater after 90 and 120 min of glucose injection(P<0.01); the hypothalamus TLR4, NF-κB p65,p-IκBα, TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA and protein expressions were all significantly increased(P<0.01). After EA intervention, the body weight and PBG were significantly down-regulated after 6 weeks and 2 weeks of intervention(P<0.05, P<0.01); GIR were significantly up-regulated after 8 weeks of intervention(P<0.05); In the IPGTT test, the increase in blood glucose 60 min after glucose injection was significantly down-regulated(P<0.05); hypothalamus TLR4, NF-κB p65,p-IκBα, TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA and protein expression were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01). Conclusion EA can reduce the body weight of OIR rats and improve IR, which may be related to down-regulating the hypothalamic TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway.关键词：Obesity;Insulin resistance;Electroacupuncture;Toll-like receptor 4;Inhibitor nuclear factor kappa-Bα;Nuclear factor-κB39|670|9更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on Leptin and Leptin receptor(OB-Rb) of insulin resistant obese(OIR) rats, so as to explore its possible mechanism for obesity. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal, model and EA groups, with 8 rats in each group. The OIR model was established by feeding the rats with high-fat diet for 8 weeks. EA(2 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to "Zhongwan"(CV12), "Guanyuan"(CV4), "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Fenglong"(ST40) for 30 min, once every other day for 8 weeks. At the 6(th) week of intervention, glucose contents of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test(IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test(IPITT) were measured. After 8 weeks' intervention, the body weight and food intake were recorded. Serum total cholesterol(TC) and total triglyceride(TG) were assayed by using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The expression levels of Leptin and OB-Rb proteins in the small intestine and hypothalamus were detected by Western blot. Results Following modeling, the body weight, food intake, IPGTT, IPITT, the contents of serum TC and TG, and the expressions of Leptin protein in small intestine and hypothalamus were significantly up-regulated(P<0.01, P<0.05), and the expressions of OB-Rb protein in small intestine and hypothalamus were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05) in the model group compared with the normal group. After EA treatment, all the indexes mentioned above were completely reversed in the EA group relevant to the model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion EA can improve insulin resis-tance by up-regulating the OB-Rb protein expression and enhancing the binding force of Leptin and OB-Rb.关键词：Obesity;Insulin resistance;Electroacupuncture;Energy balance;Leptin resistance42|422|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at "Jiaji"(EX-B2) on the levels of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice with spinal cord injury(SCI), so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of SCI. Methods A total of 60 female C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation, model and EA groups, which were further divided into 7 d and 14 d subgroups(10 mice in each subgroup). The SCI model was established by pressing the exposed spinal cord(L1) with a vascular clamp for 15 s. EA was applied to bilateral EX-B2 3 h after modeling, once a day for 7 and 14 d, respectively. Basso Mouse Scale(BMS) for locomotion was used to evaluate hindlimb motor function on day 7 and 14 after SCI. H.E. staining was used to observe histopathologic changes of the injured spinal cord tissue, and Western blot employed to detect the expression of glucose regulatory protein-78(GRP78), Caspase-12, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II(LC-II) and P62(also known as sqstm1/Sequestome1) proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the immunoacti-vities of spinal CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein(C/EBP) homologous protein(CHOP, an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible protein) and P62.Results On the 7(th) and 14(th) and 14(th) day after SCI, the BMS scores and expression levels of LC3 II protein were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05), and the expression levels of P62, GRP78 and Caspase-12 proteins, the immunoactivities of CHOP and P62 were all significantly up-regulated on both day 7 and 14 in the model group than in the sham operation group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group, the BMS scores and the expression levels of LC3 II protein were significantly increased on both day 7 and 14(P<0.05), while the expression levels of P62, GRP78 and Caspase-12 proteins, and the immunoactivities of CHOP and P62 were obviously decreased on day 7 and 14 in the EA group(P<0.05). Outcomes of H.E. stain showed that the cells with nuclei pyknosis and swelling and the necrotic cells appeared in the model group, which was relatively fewer in the EA group.Conclusion EA of EX-B2 can improve the locomotor function in SCI mice, which may be related to its effects in up-regulating the expression of LC3 II(to promote cell autophagy), and down-regulating the expression of P62, GRP78, Caspase-12 and CHOP proteins(to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress) in the spinal cord tissue.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Spinal cord injury;Endoplasmic reticulum stress;Cell autophagy46|524|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), microglia marker ion calcium adaptor protein(Iba-1) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2) in the prefrontal cortex of chronic stress-induced depression rats, so as to explore its antidepressant mechanism. Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, acupuncture and fluoxetine groups, with 8 rats in each group. The depression model was established by using chronic mild unpredictable stress methods for 6 weeks. Manual acupuncture stimulation was applied to "Baihui"(GV20) and "Yintang"(GV29) for 10 min before modeling for 6 weeks. Fluoxetine(10 mg/kg, 1 mg/mL) was given to rats of the fluoxetine group by gavage before stress stimulation, once every day for 6 weeks. The open field test was used to evaluate the behavioral changes of rats. The contents of IL-1β, IL-6 in the prefrontal cortex were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of Iba-1 in the prefrontal cortex. The TREM2 gene expression in the prefrontal cortex was determined by real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results After modeling, the crossing numbers and rearing times were significantly decreased in the model group relevant to the control group(P<0.05). After the treatment, the crossing numbers were significantly increased in the acupuncture and fluoxetine groups(P<0.05), while the rearing times in the acupuncture group were significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and the expression of Iba-1 positive cells in the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05), while the expression of TREM2 gene in the prefrontal cortex was significantly decreased(P<0.05). After the treatment, the increased levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and Iba-1 positive cells and the decreased TREM2 gene expression were considerably reversed in both acupuncture and fluoxetine groups compared with the model group(P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture intervention plays a positive role in anti-depression in rats, which may be related to its effects in inhibiting the activation of microglia, reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and increasing TREM2 expression in the prefrontal cortex.关键词：Acupuncture;Depression;Microglia;Inflammatory cytokines;TREM247|1018|9更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)/calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)signal and nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65) protein expression in myocardial tissue of acute myocardial ischemic injury(AMI) rats, and to investigate the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture pretreatment against AMI. Methods A total of 60 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, sham operation, model and EA pretreatment groups, 15 rats in each group. The acute myocardial ischemia model was established by ligating the left anterior descending(LAD)branch of the coronary artery in the model group and EA pretreatment group, while threading but no ligating at left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery was applied in the sham operation group. In the EA pretreatment group, bilateral "Neiguan"(PC6) acupoints were selected, with intensity of 2 mA and frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, for 20 min, once daily for 7 days before modeling. Electrocardiogram(ECG) was recorded by physiological signal acquisition system, and the ST segment potential offset values of standard Ⅱ lead were analyzed before surgery,30 min and 24 h after operation. The TTC staining was used to observe the percentage of myocardial infarction area. The HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration. And Western blot was used to detect TRPV1/CGRP signal and NF-κB p65 protein expression levels in myocardial tissue. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the ECG-J point potential in the model group was significantly increased at 30 min and decreased at 24 h after operation(P<0.05), myocardial infarction area increased significantly(P<0.05), the myocardial fibers were obviously disordered, inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious, and the expressions of TRPV1,CGRP and NF-κB p65 proteins were all increased(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the EA pretreatment group was decreased in the ECG-J point potential at 30 min after operation(P<0.05), significantly reduced in myocardial infarction area(P<0.05), improved in the morphology of myocardial fibers, reduced ininflammatory cell infiltration, and increased in the protein expressions of TRPV1 and CGRP in myocardium(P<0.05), significantly decreased in the protein expression of NF-κB p65(P<0.05). Conclusion EA pretreatment may enhance TRPV1/CGRP signaling, down-regulate NF-κB p65 protein expression, reduce myocardial inflammatory response status, improve AMI injury, and reduce myocardial infarction area.关键词：Acute myocardial ischemia;Electroacupuncture pretreatment;Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)/calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP);Nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65)47|574|7更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of silver needle heat conduction therapy combined with loxoprofen sodium patch in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA). Methods A total of ninety-two patients with KOA were randomly and equally divided into loxoprofen sodium group and silver needle heat conduction therapy + loxoprofen sodium(combination) group, with 46 cases in each group. Patients of the combination group were treated with silver needle heat conduction therapy combined with loxoprofen sodium patch, while those of the loxoprofen sodium group were treated with loxoprofen sodium patch. The treatment was conducted for 4 weeks. The Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC), bone metabolism index [including bone gla protein(BGP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isomer(TRACP)-5 b], and inflammation factors [including the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), interleukin-1β(IL-1β)] were observed before and after treatment. The therapeutic effect was assessed after the treatment. Results After the treatment, the total scores of WOMAC, the levels of serum TRACP-5 b, TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased(P<0.01), while the levels of serum BGP, BALP, and TGF-β were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the two groups compared with their own pre-treatment. Silver needle plus loxoprofen sodium was more effective in reducing WOMAC score, TRACP-5 b, TNF-α, IL-1β level(P<0.01), and up-regulating BGP, BALP, and TGF-β level(P<0.01) than loxoprofen. Of the 46 cases in the loxoprofen sodium and combination groups, 33 and 41 were effective, with the effective rate being 71.7% and 89.1%, respectively. The comprehensive therapeutic effect of the combination group was significantly superior to that of the loxoprofen group(P<0.05). Conclusion Silver needle heat conduction therapy combined with loxoprofen sodium can effectively treat KOA, its mechanism may be related to alleviating inflammation and improving bone metabolism.关键词：Knee osteoarthritis;Silver needle heat conduction therapy;Loxoprofen sodium;Bone metabolism;Inflammatory factor55|417|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To explore the excitatory effect of the sensory cortex through somatic electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation at Taichong(LR3). Methods Ten healthy volunteer men ranging in age from 20 to 50 years were enrolled in this study. EA(2 Hz, a tolerable strength) was applied to the left LR3. Before and after EA, the somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) from the Cz' area of the scalp was recorded by electrical stimulation of the bilateral dorsal penile nerves and the indentation behind the medial malleolus of the foot, termed as the pudendal SEP(PSEP) and lower extremity SEP(LSEP), respectively.Results The amplitude of the left LSEP induced by stimulation of the left medial malleolus was significantly increased after EA(P < 0.05), but there were no significant changes in the latency of LSEP and PSEP, and the amplitude of right LSEP evoked by stimulation of the left medial malleolus, and that of the PSEP. Conclusion EA at LR3 increases the excitability of the contralateral cerebral sensory cortex(lower extremity area), but has no effect on the adjacent sensory cortex(genital area).关键词：Electroacupuncture;Taichong(LR3);Sensory cortex;Somatosensory evoked potential48|356|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：For a long time, there have been many opinions about the location of Xuanzhong(GB39) point in the academic field. The author analyzed the location of GB39 in the main acupuncture literature in ancient times, textbooks of universities and colleges of traditional Chinese medicine after the founding of the People's Republic of China, national standards and more influential acupuncture works. From ancient times to the evolution of the location of the point, it is believed that the point should be located 3 cun above the lateral malleolus, between the tibial anterior ridge and the anterior edge of the fibula.关键词：Location;Xuanzhong(GB39);Acupoint42|568|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To analyze the acupoint combination regularities and application characteristics of core acupoints in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of mammary gland hyperplasia(MGH) by using complex network technology, so as to provide reliable evidence for clinical selection of acupoints and treatment ideas. Methods The articles related to acupuncture treatment of MGH published from January of 1981 to May of 2020 were collected from databases as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang), Chinese Journal of Science and Technology of VIP(VIP), PubMed, the Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science and Ovid database(OVID) according to the set inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present paper and by using keywords of "mammary gland hyperplasia", "mastalgia" or "fibrocystic breast change", "breast cystic hyperplasia ", etc. plus "acupuncture", "moxibustion", etc. Then, a correlative database model was established by using SPSS Modeler 18.0 to analyze their association regularities, followed by conducting a complex network analysis with Gephi 0.9.2 software. Results A total of 312 eligible articles containing 343 acupoint prescriptions and 113 acupoints were collected. The total frequency of use of the 113 acupoints was 1 998. The association regularity analysis showed a top relativity between Danzhong(CV17) and Zusanli(ST36). The analysis of the complex network topology revealed that CV17, Qimen(LR14), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Taichong(LR3), ST36, Jianjing(GB21), Rugen(ST18), Wuyi(ST15), Neiguan(PC6), Ashi-points, Fenglong(SP40), Guanyuan(CV4), Taixi(KI3), Tianzong(SI11), Ganshu(BL18), and Hegu(LI14) are the core acupoints for treatment of MGH. The principle for composing acupoint prescriptions is mainly the combination of acupoints on the left and right sides, the upper and lower parts, front and back parts of the body, respectively, and those of the outer and inner meridians, and those of the same name meridians and Zangfu-organ syndrome differentiation. The needle-insertion direction is mostly toward the focus. Conclusion The composition of acupoint prescriptions for treating MGH with acupuncture and moxibustion is mainly based on the combination of specific acupoints among which the confluent acupoints are most frequently used, followed by the combination of acupoints distributing at the chest, back, upper and lower limbs, and the local acupoints.关键词：Acupuncture and moxibustion;Mammary gland hyperplasia;Acupoint combinations;Complex network technology44|1341|7更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：In traditional Chinese medicine, the well-known saying that "in the treatment of disorders of the orofacial region, Hegu(LI4)is usually taken" is a highly summary of functions of acupoint LI4, the Yuan-primary point of the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yangming. By consulting the related literature and viewing from the angle of differentiation of meridians, the present paper expounded the characteristics of location, the attributed meridian and clinical functions of LI4, and summarized its underlying mechanisms in the treatment of some orofacial disorders revealed by experimental researches. In addition, some examples of clinical application of LI4 were listed, including peripheral facial palsy, oral diseases, problems of the nose and headache.关键词：Hegu(LI4);Orofacial disorders;Theoretical basis;Clinical application41|1495|3更新时间：2023-08-11
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