最新刊期
卷 47 ， 期 3 ， 2022
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA) in improving the long-term survival rate of mice after myocardial infarction by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting ventricular remodeling. Methods A total of 102 male C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation, model and EA groups(n=34/group). The myocardial infarction model was established by permanent ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. Beginning from the 3(rd) day after ligation, EA(2 Hz/20 Hz) was applied to bilateral “Neiguan“(PC6) and ”Ximen“(PC4) for 30 min, once a day for 28 days. The survival rate in 140 d was recorded and the left ventricular ejection fraction(EF) calculated by using echocardiography after the treatment. The left cardiac ventricular tissue was cut into sections to be stained with Masson's trichrome, wheat germ agglutinin(WGA) or α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) immunohistochemistry method, followed by measuring the collagen area in the marginal region of myocardial infarction and calculating the collagen volume fraction(for assessing the severity of myocardial fibrosis), measuring the sectional area of cardiomyocytes(for assessing the degree of myocardial hypertrophy), and ob-serving the newborn blood vessels and calculating the ratio of neovascularization area(for assessing the state of angiogenesis). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-1α protein in the boundary area of myocardial infarction were detected by Western blot. Results After modeling, the survival rate, EF, and the thickness of the left cardiac ventricle were significantly decreased(P<0.01), whereas the percentage of collagen deposition area, sectional area of cardiomyocyte, percentage of angiogenesis area, and the expression levels of VEGF and HIF-1α proteins were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group relevant to the sham operation group. Compared with the model group, the survival rate, EF, the thickness of the left cardiac ventricle, the percentage of angiogenesis area, and the expression levels of VEGF and HIF-1α proteins were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), while the percentage of collagen deposition area and the sectional area of the cardiomyocyte were considerably decreased in the EA group(P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion EA of PC6 and PC4 can significantly improve the cardiac function and long-term survival rate in mice with myocardial infarction, which may be related to its functions in up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF to promote angiogenesis and in inhibiting ventricular remodeling.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Myocardial infarction;Heart failure;Ventricular remodeling;Angiogenesis46|388|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe and compare the effects of different acupuncture and moxibustion methods at “San-yinjiao”(SP6) on uterine contraction and microcirculation in cold congealing dysmenorrhea rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying treatment of dysmenorrhea. Methods A total of 140 female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, mo-del, perpendicular needling, transverse needling and moxibustion groups, with 28 rats in each group. The cold congealing dysme-norrhea rat model was prepared by exposure in a freezer(-25 ℃) for 4 h, once daily for 5 days, and subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate(once daily for 10 days) and intra-abdominal injection of oxytocin(once). For rats in three intervention groups, acupuncture needles were inserted into bilateral SP6 perpendicularly or transversely to a depth of 4～5 mm and retained for 20 min, or moxibustion was applied to SP6 for 20 min. The uterine contraction degree and the uterine microcirculation were recorded. The expression levels of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1) and heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in local tissues of SP6 area were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of μ opioid receptor and endothelin 1(ET1) mRNA in the uterus were assessed by quantitative real time-PCR. Results After modeling and compared with the normal control group, the number and peak-to-peak values of uterine contraction waves, and uterine motility were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the speed of blood flow in the microvessels was slowed down(P<0.01), diameters of the uterine microvessels and capillaries(cap) shrank obviously(P<0.01) in the model group. After the intervention, all indexes of uterine contraction and microcirculation were improved in three intervention groups(P<0.01, P<0.05), while transverse needling and moxibustion showed better effects compared to perpendicular needling(P<0.05, P<0.01). The expression of TRPV1 and HSP70 in SP 6 area had no significant changes(P>0.05), while the uterine μ opioid receptor mRNA expression decreased(P<0.01), and ET1 mRNA expression increased(P<0.01) in the model group relevant to the normal control group. Following the intervention, the expression levels of TRPV1 and HSP70 in SP6 area were increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), and expression levels of uterine μ opioid receptor mRNA increased(P<0.05, P<0.01) and uterine ET1 mRNA decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the three intervention groups. The effect of moxibustion was considerably better than those of two acupuncture groups in up-regulating TRPV1 expression(P<0.05). Both transverse needling and moxibustion showed better effects of down-regulating uterine ET1 mRNA expression than perpendicular needling(P<0.01). Conclusion Transverse needling and moxibustion at SP6 have a better effect of relieving ute-rine contraction and improving uterine microcirculation than perpendicular needling, which may be related to their effects in up-re-gulating the expression of TRPV1 and HSP70 in SP6 area, thereby modulating the mRNA expression of μ opioid receptor and ET1 in uterine tissue.关键词：Cold congealing dysmenorrhea;Acupuncture;Moxibustion;Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1;Heat shock protein 70;μ opioid receptor;Endothelin 144|835|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To compare the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion alone or in combination on the number of mast cells and expression levels of cytoketatin 18(CK18) and CK19(marker of Meckel cells), and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), neuropeptide-Y(NPY) and bradykinin(BK) in the local acupoint area of rats with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG). Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, CAG model, moxibustion, acupuncture and acupuncture+moxi-bustion groups(10 rats in each group). The CAG model was established by gavage of 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine(170 μg/mL,1 mL/100 g, once a week) and 40% ethanol solution(twice a week) for 12 consecutive weeks. After successful establishment of CAG model, moxibustion, manual acupuncture or acupuncture+moxibustion was applied to bilateral “Zusanli”(ST36) and “Zhongwan”(CV12) for 15 min, once daily for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, the gastric mucosal tissues were collected for observing histopathological changes of gastric mucosa after H.E. staining, and the tissues of the stimulated ST36 region collected for detecting the expression levels of CK18, CK19, CGRP, NPY and BK and the number of mast cells in the local ST36 region by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the normal group, the number of mast cells, the expression levels of CK19, NPY and BK in the ST36 area were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the expression level of CGRP was apparently decreased(P<0.05) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the number of mast cells and the expression levels of CGRP and NPY in the moxibustion group, the expression of CGRP in the acupuncture group, and the number of mast cells, as well as the expression levels of CK18, CK19 and CGRP in the acupuncture+moxibustion group were significantly up-re-gulated(P<0.05). The effect of acupuncture combined with moxibustion was obviously superior to that of moxibustion or acupuncture in up-regulating the expression of CK18 and CK19(P<0.05) and superior to that of moxibustion in down-regulating BK expressio level(P<0.05). No significant changes were found in the expression of CK18 after modeling(vs the normal group), in the expression levels of CK18, CK19 and BK after moxibustion and acupuncture(vs the model group), in the number of mast cells and expression of NPY after acupuncture(vs the model group), and in the expression levels of NPY and BK after acupuncture+moxibustion(vs the model group)(P>0.05). H.E. staining showed infiltration of many lymphocytes in the gastric mucosa and submucosal layers, atrophy and necrosis of lots of main cells with vacuole-like changes, and disordered arrangement of the atrophic glands in the model group, which was milder particularly in the acupuncture + moxibustion group. Conclusion Acupuncture combined with moxibustion of ST36 can up-regulate the levels of local CK18, CK19 and CGRP proteins and number of mast cells, moxibustion may up-regulate the levels of CGRP and NPY and number of mast cells, while acupuncture may up-regulate the expression of CGRP in the local stimulated area in CAG rats.关键词：Moxibustion;Manual acupuncture;Zusanli(ST36);Chronic atrophic gastritis43|850|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) pretreatment on apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in mice with hyperglycemia, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying protecting the kidney from hyperglycemia-induced injury. Methods Eighty male C57 BL/6 mice were equally and randomly divided into control, model, EA and sham EA groups. The hyperglycemia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin(STZ, 50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) for 5 consecutive days. Before modeling, EA(2 Hz/15 Hz, 0.3-0.5 mA) was applied to bilateral “Zusanli”(ST36) and “Shenshu”(BL23) for 30 min, once daily for 7 days, while mice in the sham EA group were treated with the same acupoints but without electrical stimulation. The blood glucose values were measured after fasting for 6 hours after 3 days of modeling. The degree of renal tissue injury was observed by microscope after H.E. staining, and the apoptosis level of renal tubular epithelial cells observed by TUNEL staining. The expression levels of transient receptor potential channel 6(TRPC6) and related apoptotic proteins Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in the renal tissue were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, separately. Results Compared with the control group, the blood glucose content and the expression levels of TRPC6, Caspase-3 and Bax proteins, as well as the level of the renal apoptotic cells were significantly increased(P<0.001, P<0.000 1), while the expression level of Bcl-2 protein and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax were remarkably decreased in the model group(P<0.000 1). In comparison with the model and sham EA groups, the blood glucose content, percentage of apoptotic cells and the expression levels of TRPC6, Caspase-3 and Bax were significantly decreased(P<0.01, P<0.000 1, P<0.05, P<0.001), and the expression level of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax were apparently increased in the EA group(P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). HE statin showed abnormal dilation of the capillary lumen and disappearance of the proximal tubules in the model group, which was relatively milder in the EA group. Conclusion EA pretreatment can lower blood glucose level and reduce renal apoptosis in hyperglycemia mice, which may be related to its effects in down-regulating the expression of TRPC6 and Caspase-3 and up-regulating the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.关键词：Electroacupuncture pretreatment;Hyperglycemia;Transient receptor potential channel 6(TRPC6);Renal tubule;Apoptosis26|330|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) of “Baihui”(GV20), “Dazhui”(GV14), “Shenshu”(BL23)and “Zusanli”(ST36) on the intestinal flora and serum interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 contents in vascular dementia(VD) rats. Methods SD rats were randomized into sham operation, VD model, GV20+GV14+BL23(EA-basic acupoints), and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-basic acupoints+probiotics groups(n=10 in each group). EA(10 Hz/50 Hz) was conducted for 30 min, once daily for 4 consecutive weeks. Rats of the EA-basic acupoints+probiotics received gavage of probiotics(2 mL/d containing 2.0×109CFU of live bifidobacterium), once a day for 4 weeks, and those of the EA-basic acupoints and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 groups received gavage of the same dose of normal saline. The Morris water maze test was used to evalua-te the rats' lear-ning and memory ability before and after the treatment. The serum IL-1β and IL-18 levels were determined by ELISA, and the histopathological changes of the intestinal mucosa were observed by H.E. staining. The ultrastructural changes of hippocampal neurons were observed by using transmission electron microscopy and 16 S rDNA sequencing technique was used to analyze the composition of intestinal microbiome. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the escape latency, serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18, as well as the relative abundance of harmful bacteria(including Catabacter, obinsoniella and Desulfovibrio) in the intestine were significantly increased(P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the escape latency, serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the three treatment groups, and the relative abundance of harmful bacteria(such as the Catabacter, Robinsoniella and Desulfovibrio) in the EA-basic acupoints+ST36 group were down-regulated obviously(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the relative abundance of Clostridiales-unclassified in both EA-basic acupoints+probiotics and EA-basic acupoints+ST36 groups was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05). The effects of EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-ba-sic acupoints+probiotics were significantly superior to that of EA-basic acupoints in down-regulating IL-18 content(P<0.05). H.E. staining showed atrophy of the whole mucosal layer, loss of goblet cells, destruction of glands, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells, and transmission microscope displayed fuzziness of the nucleus membrane boundary, cystic dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum with unclear structure swelling of the mitochondria, and disordered arrangement or dissolution of the inner cristae in the model group, which was relatively milder in the EA-basic acupoints+ST36 and EA-basic acupoints+probiotics groups. Conclusion EA of GV20+GV14+BL23+ ST36 can improve the cognitive dysfunction of VD model rats, which may be related to its function in regulating the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, thereby inhibiting the peripheral inflammatory factor.关键词：Vascular dementia;Electroacupuncture;Brain-gut-microbiota axis;Curing brain disorders by treating intestines;Inflammation58|1109|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related molecules glucose regulated protein 78 kD(GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-12(Caspase-12) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3(Caspase-3)in the hippocampus of rats with post-traumatic stress disorder, so as to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture in treating post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD). Methods Twenty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, acupuncture and sertraline groups, with 7 rats in each group. The PTSD rat model was established by single prolonged stress. After modeling, acupuncture was applied to “Baihui”(GV20) and “Dazhui”(GV14) for rats of the acupuncture group for 10 min, once a day for 7 days. Sertraline(10 mg/kg) was given by gavage to rats of the sertraline group daily for 7 days. Rats' behavior was assessed by open field test and novelty-suppressed test. The mRNA expression levels of GRP78 and CHOP in the hippocampus were detected by real-time PCR. The expression le-vels of Caspase-12 and Caspase-3 in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the normal control group, the rearing and crossing times were decreased(P<0.05), the time remaining in the central zone and the total distance of movement were significantly reduced(P<0.01, P<0.05), the time of entering the central area for the first time was significantly increased(P<0.01), the latency of the novelty-suppressed feeding was significantly increased(P<0.05) in the model group, meanwhile the expression level of GRP78 and CHOP mRNAs, Caspase-12 and Caspase-3 proteins in the hippocampus were increased(P<0.05, P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the crossing times, the time remaining in the central zone and total distance of movement were increased significantly(P<0.05, P<0.01), while the time of entering the central area for the first time, the expression levels of GRP78 and CHOP mRNAs, and Caspase-12 protein in the hippocampus were obviously decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the acupuncture and sertraline groups. In addition, the rearing times were increased significantly(P<0.05), the latency of the novelty-suppressed feeding and the expression of Caspase-3 were decreased significantly(P<0.05) in the sertraline group than in the model group. Conclusion Acupuncture can significantly down-regulate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related molecules GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12 in PTSD rats, which may be one of the mechanisms of acupuncture in treating PTSD.关键词：Post-traumatic stress disorder;Endoplasmic reticulum stress;Acupuncture32|512|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on modified neurological severity score(mNSS), cerebral infarction volume, expression of Lim domain kinase-1(LIMK1) and slingshot homolog-1(SSH1) proteins, Cofilin rod formation and neural cell apoptosis in rats with ischemic stroke(IS), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of IS. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model and EA groups, with 13 rats in each group. The IS model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery(MCAO) according to Zea Longa's method. EA was applied to “Quchi”(LI11) and “Zusanli”(ST36) for 30 min, once a day for 7 consecutive days. The behavioral changes of mNSS were observed before and after modeling. The volume of cerebral infarction was measured by using a small animal magnetic resonance imaging. The protein expressions of LIMK1 and SSH1 in the cerebral ischemic tissues were detected by Western blot. The density of Cofilin rod and neural cell apoptosis in cerebral ischemic area were determined by immunofluorescence staining and TUNEL staining, separately. Results After modeling, the mNSS score, cerebral infarction volume ratio, expression level of SSH1, density of Cofilin rod and the number of apoptotic cells were significantly increased(P<0.01), while the expression level of LIMK1 protein was obviously decreased in the model group relevant to the normal group(P<0.01). After 7 days' treatment, all the increased and decreased levels of the indexes mentioned above were reversed in the EA group relevant to the model group(P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion EA of LI11 and ST36 can improve neurological function and reduce infarction range in MCAO rats, which may be related to its action in regulating the expression of LIMK1 and SSH1, inhibiting the formation of Cofilin rod and reducing apoptosis of neural cells.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Ischemic stroke;Neurological function;Cofilin rod;Apoptosis25|457|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the alleviating effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(taVNS) on articular cartilage and bone destruction in rats with collagen-induced arthritis(CIA), and explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of taVNS against rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods The male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(n=12), model group(n=12), and taVNS group(n=12). The CIA rat model was established by multi-point injection of emulsion prepared from type Ⅱ bovine collagen and Freund's incomplete adjuvant into the root of rat tail. The rats in the taVNS group were treated with taVNS at bilateral auricular conchae, 30 min per time, once a day, for consecutive 28 d. The cartilage destruction of the ankle joint was observed by safranin O-fast green staining, the production of osteoclasts in the joint tissue by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining, and the bone erosion by X-ray and Micro-CT imaging. The protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL), and osteoprotegerin(OPG) in the synovial tissues were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the normal control group, the CIA rats presented with typical RA symptoms and elevated arthritis index(AI,P<0.05). After intervention with taVNS, the AI remarkably declined in comparison with that in the model group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the model group displayed loss of cartilage matrix in the ankle joint, thinned cartilage layer, obvious cartilage damage, and increased number of osteo-clasts in the joint(P<0.01); the imaging results showed bone loss and three-dimensional structural destruction of ankle joint and aggravated bone erosion(P<0.01); the expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13, and RANKL/OPG ratio were significantly elevated in the synovial tissue of ankle joint(P<0.01, P<0.05), while the expression level of OPG was decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, taVNS resulted in relatively intact cartilage layer of ankle joint, alleviated cartilage destruction, decreased number of osteoclasts(P<0.01), improved bone erosion, loss, and three-dimensional structural destruction(P<0.01), and diminished MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 expression and RANKL/OPG ratio in the synovial tissue of ankle joint(P<0.05, P<0.01), while the expression level of OPG was increased(P<0.05). Conclusion taVNS effectively relieves bone and cartilage destruction in CIA rats, which might be related to its efficacy in reducing the production of osteoclasts in joint tissues and down-regulating the expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13, and RANKL/OPG ratio.关键词：Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(taVNS);Bone and cartilage;Rheumatoid arthritis54|507|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of mild moxibustion(Moxi) at “Dazhui”(GV14) on neuropathic pain, expression of autophagy and apoptosis factor LC3 and Bax proteins and mRNAs in the spinal cord tissue in rats with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR), so as to explore its underlying mechanism underlying relief of CSR-induced pain. Methods Forty rats(half male half female) were randomly divided into blank control, model, Moxi, Moxi+autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA, Moxi+3-MA) groups, with 10 rats in each group. The CSR model was established by loose ligature of the local cervical nerve roots. Three days after modeling, mild Moxi was applied to GV14 for 10 min, once daily for 7 days. Rats of the Moxi+3-MA group received intraperitoneal injection of 3-MA(1 mL, 15 mg/kg+ saline) before Moxi, once daily for 7 consecutive days. Rats of the model and Moxi groups were also given normal saline(i.p., 1 mL), once daily for 7 days. The gait behavior score(1-3 points) was scaled according to the rats' pain reaction and foot paw contracture produced walking disorder and the mechanical pain threshold(MPT) was detected before and after the treatment. The expression of spinal cord LC3 and Bax proteins and mRNAs were detected by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Results Compared with the blank control group, the gait disorder score, and percentage of Bax positive cells and expression of Bax mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05), and MPT was markedly decreased in the model group(P<0.01). After the treatment, the gait disorder score, percentage of Bax positive cells and Bax mRNA expression were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the MPT and percentage of LC3 positive cells and LC3 mRNA expression were considerably increased(P<0.01,P<0.05) in both Moxi and Moxi+3-MA groups. The therapeutic effects of mild Moxi were remarkably superior to those of Moxi+3-MA in downregulating gait disorder score, Bax positive cell percentage and Bax mRNA expression, and in up-regulating MPT, LC3 positive cell percentage and LC3 mRNA expression(P<0.05), suggesting a reduction of the function of mild Moxi after administration of 3-MA. Conclusion Mild Moxi at GV14 can relieve neuropathic pain in CSR rats, which may be related to its functions in up-regulating LC3 autophagy, thereby inhibiting the expression of Bax pro-apoptotic protein in spinal cord to reduce apoptosis and to repair nerve injury.关键词：Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy;Mild moxibustion;Autophagy factor LC3;Apoptosis factor Bax53|719|9更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion on pain and N-methyl-D aspartic acid receptor/nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate(NMDA-NO-cGMP) signaling pathway in the spinal cord of rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA), so as to explore its underlying mechanisms in relieving inflammatory pain of rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, moxibustion(Moxi), Moxi +NMDA receptor antagonist AP-5(Moxi+AP-5) and Moxi +NMDA receptor agonist(NMDA) groups, with 20 rats in each group. The AA model was established by placing the rats in a wind, cold and damp environment for 12 h, once daily for 20 days and by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the right hind paw. Rats of the three Moxi groups received ignited moxa-stick stimulation of “Zusanli”(ST36) and “Shenshu”(BL23) alternately for 20 min, once a day for 15 days. The Moxi + AP-5 group and Moxi +NMDA group received intraperitoneal injection of AP-5(0.7 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) and NMDA(5 mg·kg(-1)) and NMDA(5 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)), respectively, once a day, for a total of 15 days. Mechanical pain thres-hold(MPT) was measured before and after modeling and interventions. The spinal cord tissue was sampled for detecting the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein, content of cGMP and NO, and the activity of NOS by using fluorescence quantitative PCR, Western blot, ELISA,nitrate reductase method and colorimetric method, respectively. Results Before modeling, there was no significant difference in MPT among all the 5 groups(P>0.05). After modeling, the MPT was remarkably decreased(P<0.01), the expression levels of iNOS mRNA and protein, the contents of cGMP and NO, the activity of NOS were significantly increased in the model group relevant to the normal group(P<0.01). After the interventions, the MPT was obviously increased(P<0.01), while the expression levels of iNOS mRNA and protein, the contents of cGMP and NO, the activity of NOS were significantly down-regulated in the Moxi, Moxi-AP-5 and Moxi+NMDA groups(P<0.05, P<0.01). The effect of Moxi+AP-5 group was significantly superior to that of Moxi group in raising MPT and down-regulating the expression levels of iNOS mRNA and protein, and the content of NO(P<0.05, P<0.01). The effect of Moxi+NMDA group was obviously inferior to that of Moxi group in up-regulating MPT and down-regulating the levels of iNOS mRNA and protein, and the contents of cGMP and NO, and the activity of NOS(P<0.01), suggesting a reduction of the therapeutic effects in raising MPT and down-regulating expression of iNOS mRNA and protein after administration of AP-5. Conclusion Moxibustion can relieve RA inflammatory pain in AA rats, which may be related to its function in down-regulating the NMDA/NO/cGMP signaling pathway in the spinal cord.关键词：Inflammatory pain;Moxibustion;Spinal cord;Rheumatoid arthritis;N-methyl-D aspartate receptor;Nitric oxide;Cyclic guanosine monophosphate31|594|7更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect on post-stroke dysphagia treated with He's santong(triple promotion) acupuncture therapy through surface electromyography(sEMG). Methods A total of 60 patients with post-stroke dysphagia were divided into a routine treatment group and a He's santong acupuncture therapy group, using blocked randomization, 30 cases in each one. In the routine treatment group, the secondary prevention and swallowing rehabilitation training were adopted. In the He's santong acupuncture therapy group, on the base of the treatment as the routine treatment group, weitong(mild promotion, routine acupuncture at bilateral Fengchi [GB20], Fengfu [GV16], Yifeng [TE17], Lianquan [CV23], Jia-lianquan [Extra], Fenglong [ST40] and Tongli [HT5], needle retaining for 30 min, 5 treatments a week), wentong(warm promotion, pricking with fire needle at bilateral GB20 and CV23, twice a week) and qiangtong(strong promotion, blood-letting with three-edge needle at Jinjin [EX-HN12], Yuye [EX-HN13] and Yanhoubi [Extra], twice a week) treatment was added. The therapy was given consecutively for 4 weeks in each group. The score of fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing(FEES) and Rosenbek-penetration-aspiration scale(PAS), the score of swallowing grading scale, the score of the modified Mann assessment of swallowing ability(MMASA) and the peak amplitude of sEMG were recorded before and after treatment in patients. Results Compared with before treatment, the score of FEES and PAS after treatment was decreased(P<0.05), the scores of swallowing grading scale and MMASA after treatment were increased in both routine treatment group and He's santong acupuncture therapy group(P<0.05), the peak amplitude of sEMG was increased(P<0.05) in the He's santong acupuncture therapy group and decreased(P<0.05) in the routine treatment group. Compared with the routine treatment group, the score of FEES and PAS was decreased(P<0.05), the scores of swallowing grading scale and peak amplitude of sEMG were increased in the He's santong acupuncture therapy group(P<0.05). Conclusion He's santong acupuncture therapy is obviously effective on post-stroke dysphagia, which may be related to its effects in increasing the contraction of swallowing-related muscles and improving the peak amplitude of hyoid muscle group.关键词：He's santong acupuncture therapy;Post-stroke dysphagia;Surface electromyography59|877|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with moxibustion on serum bone metabolism indexes in patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA), so as to evaluate its clinical efficacy on KOA. Methods Ninety-six patients with KOA were randomly divided into control and observation groups, with 48 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture at Zusanli(ST36), Neixiyan(EX-LE4), Heding(EX-LE2) and Xuanzhong(GB39) etc. on the affected side for 30 min once daily. Patients in the observation group were given moxibustion on the above-mentioned acupoints on the basis of treatment in the control group. The course of treatment for both groups was 4 weeks. The Western Ontario and MacMaster University Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) scores were compared before and after treatment and the clinical efficacy of the two groups were calculated according to the WOMAC scores after treatment. Ultrasound examination of the knee joint was used to analyze the thickness of joint effusion and synovial membrane thickness of the patients. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to detect the serum type Ⅰ collagen C-terminal foreign body peptide(CTX-Ⅰ), insulin-like growth factor(IGF), bone gla protein(BGP), matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1(TIMP-1) levels. Results Compared with those before treatment, WOMAC score, knee joint synovial thickness and joint effusion thickness, serum CTX-Ⅰ, MMP-9, TIMP-1 levels, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were all down-regulated(P<0.05), while the levels of serum IGF and BGP up-regulated(P<0.05) in the two groups after treatment. The improvements of the above indexes in the observation group were superior to those in the control group(P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 95.83%(46/48), which was higher than 81.25%(39/48) in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture combined with moxibustion can regulate bone metabolism and effectively improve the symptoms of KOA patients, which may be related to its effect in regulating the dynamic balance of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in serum.关键词：Knee osteoarthritis;Acupuncture combined with moxibustion;Matrix metalloproteinase-9;Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-120|654|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Relief of the chronic pain, as the negative reinforcement of pain, is recognized as a reward and it activates related brain's reward circultries. Brian's reward circuits not only relate to rewards, but also participate in pain process. Currently, the reward effect of acupuncture on chronic pain relief and the mechanism of brain's reward circuits involved in acupuncture analgeisa have not been revealed adequately yet. This paper reviewed the conceptual features of analgesia reward and the new progression of brain's reward circuits and function, expounded the valuable clinical and scientific significance of the researches for the reward effect of acupuncture analgesia and related brain's reward circuits, proposed the ideas and suggestions on many questions in the study of reward effect of acupuncture analgesia and related brain's reward circuits, and then, determined the multi-dimensional characteristis and positive regulation of acupuncture analgesia. Focusing on the reward effect of acupuncture and related brain's reward circuits for chronic pain relief, the research on the regulatory effect of acupuncture analgesia will be conductive to deepen the understanding of acupuncture analgies in clinical practice and innovate a research concept of acupuncture analgeis. Eventually, a new approach can be provided to further elaborate neurobiolgical mechanism of acupuncture analgesia.关键词：Acupuncture;Pain;Reward;Neural circuits48|1423|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical effect and safety of filiform-fire needle in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis at different stages. Methods Articles of the randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs) about filiform fire needle treatment of peripheral facial paralysis published from the inception of the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to December 20(th), 2021 were retrieved first. The Cochrane Handbook 5.1 system was used to extract data and evaluate the quality(risk of bias) of the included papers. The overall effective rate, cure rate, Sunnybrook facial nerve function score, facial disability index scale, physical and social function score and related adverse reactions were used as the outcome indicators. The RevMan5.3 software was used for heterogeneity test and Meta-analysis was performed on papers with little clinical heterogeneity. Results A total of eligible 9 RCTs were included, involving 519 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that: compared with the conventional acupuncture therapy, the filiform fire needle in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis had significant advantages in raising the overall effective rate(RR=1.14, 95%CI[1.07,1.21], P<0.000 1) and cure rate(RR=1.59, 95%CI [1.29,1.97], P<0.000 1),and in improving Sunnybrook facial neurological function score(MD=17.85, 95%CI[15.72,19.97], P<0.000 01), physical function score of facial disability index scale(MD=4.16, 95%CI[3.15,5.16], P<0.000 01) and social function score(MD=2.47, 95%CI[1.53,3.41], P<0.000 01). Safety analysis showed that there was no obvious adverse reaction during the filiform fire needle therapy, and the patients' tolerance to pain had no statistical difference relevant to the conventional acupuncture treatment(P>0.05). Conclusion Filiform fire needle is superior to conventional acupuncture in the treatment of facial paralysis in all stages, but its reliability is limited due to fewer high-quality literature with scientific and rigorous methods and trial designs. Therefore, more large-sample and high-quality RCT studies are warranted for further verification.关键词：Peripheral facial paralysis;Filiform fire needle;Meta-analysis;Randomized controlled trials29|1873|2更新时间：2023-08-11
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