最新刊期
卷 48 ， 期 3 ， 2023
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the relationship between acupoint sensitization on the body surface and neuronal intrinsic excitability of the medium-and small-size dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons from the perspective of ion channel kinetics in mice with gastric ulcer. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control(n=32) and model groups(n=34). The gastric ulcer model was established by injection of 60% glacial acetic acid(0.2 mL/100 g) into the gastric wall muscle layer and submucosa near the pylorus in the minor curvature of the stomach. In contrast, the same dose of normal saline was injected in the same way in the control group. Six days after modeling, Evans blue(EB) solution was injected into the mouse's tail vein for observing the number and distribution of the exudation blue spots on the body surface. Histopathological changes of the gastric tissue were observed by H.E. staining. Then, whole-cell membrane currents and intrinsic excitability of medium-and small-size neurons in the spinal T9-T11 DRGs were measured by in vitro electrophysiology combining with biocytin-ABC method. Results In the control group, EB exudation blue spots were not obvious, while in the model group, the blue spots on the body surface were densely distributed in the area of spinal T9-T11 segments, the epigastric region, and the skin around “Zhongwan”(CV12) and “Huaroumen”(ST24) regions, and near the surgical incision region. Compared with the control group, the model group had a high level of eosinophilic infiltrates in the submucosa of gastric tissues, severe gastric fossa structure damage, gastric fundus gland dilation and other pathological manifestations. The number of exudation blue spots was proportional to the degree of inflammatory reaction in the stomach. In comparison with the control group, the spike discharges of type II of medium-size DRG neurons in T9-T11 segments were decreased, and the current of whole-cell membrane was increased, basic intensity was decreased(P<0.05), discharge frequency and discharge number were increased(P<0.01,P<0.000 1); while the discharges of type I small-size DRG neurons were decreased, those of type II neurons increased, the whole-cell membrane current was decreased, and discharge frequency and discharge number were decreased(P<0.01, P<0.000 1). Conclusion Both the medium-and small-size DRG neurons from the spinal T9-T11 segments involve in gastric ulcer-induced acupoint sensitization via their different spike discharge activities. And intrinsic excitability of these DRG neurons can not only dynamically encode the plasticity of acupoint sensitization, but also can help us understand the neural mechanism of acupoint sensitization induced by visceral injury.关键词：Acupoint sensitization;Gastric ulcer;Dorsal root ganglion;Neuronal intrinsic excitability45|359|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion on the expression of miR-345-3p, miR-216a-5p and nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65) in colonic tissue of rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D), so as to explore its anti-inflammatory mechanism in relieving IBS-D. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal control(n=12), model(n=12), moxibustion(n=12) and ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC,n=12) groups. The IBS-D model was established by neonatal mother-child separation combined with acetic acid enema stimulation and chronic binding methods. The rats in the moxibustion group received moxibustion stimulation of “Tianshu”(ST25) and “Shangjuxu”(ST37) for 20 min, once a day, for 7 days, and those of the PDTC group received intraperitoneal injection of PDTC(50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) once daily for 7 days. After the intervention, the body weight, loose stool rate and the minimum volume threshold of abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) were observed, and histopathological changes of colonic mucosa were observed by HE staining. The contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in serum were measured by ELISA. The expression of miR-345-3p, miR-216a-5p and NF-κB p65 mRNA in the colon tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, and the immunoactivities of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 in the colon tissue were determined by immunofluorescence histochemistry. Results Compared with the normal control group, the loose stool rate, contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, experssion of NF-κB p65 mRNA and the immunoactivities of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 were significantly increased(P<0.01), whereas the body weight, minimum volume threshold of AWR, content of IL-4, and the relative expression of miR-345-3p and miR-216a-5p were remarkably decreased in the model group(P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the loose stool rate, contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA and the immunoactivities of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB p65 were considerably down-regulated(P<0.01), while the content of IL-4 and the relative expressions of miR-345-3p and miR-216a-5p were obviously up-regulated in both moxibustion and PDTC groups(P<0.01, P<0.05). The content of IL-6 in serum was significantly lower in the PDTC group than in the moxibustion group(P<0.01). Conclusion Moxibustion can reduce the level of intestinal inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D rats, which may be related to its functions in increasing the expression levels of miR-345-3p and miR-216a-5p and in inhibiting the expression of NF-κB p65, thus reducing the levels of inflammatory factors.关键词：Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome;Moxibustion;Inflammation;miR-345-3p;miR-216a-5p;NF-κB p6545|755|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture in alleviating cerebral ischemia injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by regulating melatonin-NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) mediated pyroptosis. Methods A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, electroacupuncture(EA) group and EA +Luz group, with 12 rats in each group. The focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by middle cerebral artery embolization. Rats of the EA group was treated with EA stimulation(4 Hz/20 Hz, 0.5 mA,20 min) at “Baihui”(GV20) and “Shenting”(GV24) once a day for 7 consecutive days; rats of EA+Luz group were given the same EA treatment and intraperitoneally administered melatonin receptor antagonist(luzindole, 30 mg/kg), once a day for 7 consecutive days. The neurological impairment was evaluated by Zea Longa score. The level of serum melatonin content at 12:00 and 24:00 was detected by ELISA. The percentage of cerebral infarction volume was evaluated by MRI of small animals. The apoptosis rate of nerve cells in cerebral cortex of infarct side was detected by TUNEL staining. The activation of microglia cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, Caspase-1 and interleukin(IL)-1β were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the neural function score was significantly increased(P<0.01); the melatonin content was significantly decreased at 24:00(P<0.01); the percentage of cerebral infarction volume, apoptosis rate of nerve cells in cerebral cortex area of infarction side, the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β proteins were significantly increased(P<0.01); and microglia cells were significantly activated in the model group.Compared with the model and EA +Luz groups, the nerve function score was significantly decreased(P<0.05); the percentage of cerebral infarction volume, the nerve cell apoptosis rate, the activation level of microglia cells, the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β were significantly decreased(P<0.01, P<0.05) in the EA group. Compared with the model and EA+Luz groups, the melatonin content at 24:00 was significantly increased(P<0.01, P<0.05) in the EA group. Conclusion EA at GV20 and GV24 can reduce the neurolo-gical injury in cerebral ischemia reperfusion model rats, which may be related to regulating the expression of endogenous melatonin, inhibiting cell scorchification and reducing cerebral ischemia injury.关键词：Cerebral ischemia;Electroacupuncture;NOD-like receptor protein 3;Melatonin;Pyroptosis47|477|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on obese mice, and to explore the underlying mechanism of EA in treating obesity by focusing on the balance of regulatory T cells(Treg) and T helper 17 cells(Th17) and related inflammatory factors. Methods C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and EA group, with 10 mice in each group. The obesity model was established by feeding the mice with high-fat diet. Mice in the EA group was treated with EA at “Zhongwan”(CV12), “Guanyuan”(CV4), “Zusanli”(ST36) and “Fenglong”(ST40) for 20 min every time, 3 times every week, for a total of 8 weeks. The food intake and body weight of mice were observed and recorded, and Lee's index was calculated; the contents of interleukin 2(IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, gamma interferon(IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α in serum were detected by multiplex liquid chip quantitative technique; the levels of Treg and Th17 cells in mice spleen tissues were detected by flow cytometry; and the expression levels of foxhead box p3(Foxp3) and retinoic acid related orphan receptor γt(ROR-γt) mRNA in spleen were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results Compared with the normal group, the food intake, body weight, Lee's index, the contents of IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serum, and the percentage of Th17 and expression of ROR-γt mRNA in the spleen tissues were significantly increased(P<0.01, P<0.001), while the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 in the serum, the percentage of Treg and expression of Foxp3 mRNA in the spleen tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.001, P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the food intake, body weight, Lee's index, the contents of IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the serum, the percentage of Th17 and expression of ROR-γt mRNA in the spleen tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.01), while the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 in serum, the percentage of Treg and expression of Foxp3 mRNA in the spleen tissues were significantly increased(P<0.01, P<0.05) in the EA group. Conclusion EA may improve the obese state of mice by regulating the balance of Treg/Th17 in spleen and the expression of inflammatory factors in serum.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Obesity;Treg/Th17;Inflammatory factors53|293|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA) at “Zusanli”(ST36) on improving glucose metabolism disorder in chronic restraint induced depressed rats. Methods A total of 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and EA groups, with 10 rats in each group. The depression model was established by chronic restraint 2.5 h each day for 4 weeks. For rats in the EA group, EA stimulation(1 mA, 2 Hz, 30 min) was applied to bilateral ST36 during the modeling period, once a day for 4 weeks. The body weight of the rats was recorded before and after modeling. The behavior of rats was observed by sugar-water preference and forced swimming after modeling. The contents of glucose and glycosylated albumin in serum were determined by biochemical method. The histopathological morphology and liver glycogen content were observed by HE and PAS staining. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K), phosphorylated(p)-PI3K(p-PI3K), protein kinase B(Akt), p-Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK3β) and p-GSK3β proteins in liver were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the weight increment and sugar-water preference index decreased(P<0.01), the immobile swimming time was prolonged(P<0.01), the glucose and glycosylated albumin contents in serum increased(P<0.05), the expression of p-Akt protein and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt in liver tissues decreased(P<0.001), the expression of p-GSK3β protein and the ratio of p-GSK3β/GSK3β in liver tissues increased(P<0.01,P<0.001) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the weight increment and sugar-water preference index increased(P<0.05), the immobile swimming time was shortened(P<0.05), the glucose and glycosylated albumin contents in serum decreased(P<0.05), the expressions of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins and the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in liver tissues increased(P<0.05), the expression of p-GSK3β protein and the ratio of p-GSK3β/GSK3β in liver tissues decreased(P<0.01) in the EA group. HE staining showed that the structure of the hepatic lobule was intact, no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration or fibrosis was observed in the lobule and interstitium, and no abnormalities were observed in the small bile duct, portal vein and artery in the portal area. PAS staining showed that the intensity of staining from the center of the hepatic lobule to the periphery of the hepatic lobule was gradually enhanced in the blank group, that is, the glycogen-rich granules in the hepatic cells were gradually increased; most of the hepatocytes were light colored and glycogen was lost significantly in the model group; while the intensity of hepatocyte staining increased, the staining intensity of the perilobular zone was weaker than that in the blank group, and the glycogen particles partially recovered in the EA group. Conclusion EA intervention can regulate glucose metabolism disorder in chronic restraint induced depressed rats through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Zusanli(ST36);Depression;Hepatic glycogen;PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway55|476|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion on the indicators of autophagy and apoptosis in the synovium of toes of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis(AA), so as to explore the underlying mechanism of moxibustion in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, model group, moxibustion group, methotrexate group and rapamycin group, with 9 rats in each group. The rat model of AA was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant. Rats in the moxibustion group received moxibustion treatment at “Zusanli”(ST36) and “Guanyuan”(CV4) for 20 min, once a day. The methotrexate group was given methotrexate intragastrically(0.35 mg/kg) twice a week. The rapamycin group was given rapamycin by intraperitoneal injection(1 mg/kg), once every other day. The toe volume of the left hind limb was measured by the toe volume measuring instrument after 3-day modeling and 3-week intervention respectively. The contents of interlukin(IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α in serum were detected by ELISA. The autophagosomes of synovial cells of the toe joint were observed under transmission electron microscope. The expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)C1, p-mTORC1, Caspase-3, Fas and FasL in synovial tissue were detected by Western blot. Results Under transmission electron microscope, the model group showed decreased autophagosomes in synovial tissues, but the moxibustion, methotrexate, and rapamycin groups showed increased autophagosomes. Compared with the blank control group, the toe volume, the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α in serum and the expression of p-mTORC1 protein in synovial tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01, P<0.001), while the expressions of Caspase-3, Fas and FasL proteins in synovial tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the toe volume, the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α in the serum, and expression of p-mTORC1 protein were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001) in the moxibustion group and the methotrexate group, while the expression of Caspase-3, Fas and FasL proteins in synovial tissue in the moxibustion group and the methotrexate group, the expression of Caspase-3 in the rapamycin group were significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion Moxibustion can improve joint swelling in AA rats and decrease the contents of serum IL-1 and TNF-α. The mechanism may be related to regulating the expressions of p-mTORC1, Caspase-3, Fas and FasL proteins, and promoting autophagy and apoptosis of synovial cells.关键词：Moxibustion;Rheumatoid arthritis;Synovial cells;Autophagy;Apoptosis43|283|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of penetrative needling of “Zhibian”(BL54) through “Shuidao”(ST28) on the expressions of death receptor pathway-related protein tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) and its receptors, as death receptor 4(DR4), death receptor 5(DR5), decoy receptor 1(DcR1) and decoy receptor 2(DcR2) in premature ovarian insufficiency(POI) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of POI. Methods Forty female SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, model, penetrative needling and medication(estradiol valerate) groups, with 10 rats in each group. The POI model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide(D1: 50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1), D 2 to D15: 8 mg·kg(-1), D 2 to D15: 8 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1), for a total of 15 d). After successful modeling, the rats in the penetrative needling group received penetrative needling of BL54 through ST28, with the needle retained for 30 min, once a day for a total of 4 weeks. Rats of the medication group received gavage of estradiol valerate(0.09 mg·kg(-1), for a total of 15 d). After successful modeling, the rats in the penetrative needling group received penetrative needling of BL54 through ST28, with the needle retained for 30 min, once a day for a total of 4 weeks. Rats of the medication group received gavage of estradiol valerate(0.09 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) once daily for 4 weeks. After the intervention, the content of serum follicles of stimulation hormone(FSH),lateinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and histopathological changes of ovarian tissue and the number of follicles were observed under light microscope after H.E. staining. The expression levels of TRAIL, DR4, DR5, DcR1, DcR2, and Fas-associated death domain(FADD) in ovarian tissues were detected using quantitative real-time PCR, and the immunoactivity of ovarian TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 detected using immunohistochemistry. The body weight and the damp weight of ovary were measured for calculating the ovarian coefficient. Results Compared with the blank control group, the E2 and VEGF contents, ovarian coefficient, and the number of the primary, secondary and sinus follicles were significantly decreased(P<0.01) in the model group, whereas FSH and LH contents, the atretic follicle number, TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 immunoactivity, and the expression levels of TRAIL, DR4, DR5 and FADD mRNAs considerably increased in the model group(P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the decrease of the VEGF content, ovarian coefficient, and the number of the primary, secondary and sinus follicles, and the increase of the atretic follicle number, TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 immunoactivity, and expression levels of TRAIL, DR4, DR5 and FADD mRNAs were reversed in both penetrative needling and medication groups(P<0.01, P<0.05). The number of primary follicles was significantly more in the medication group than in the penetrative needling group(P<0.01). Conclusion Penetrative needling of BL54 and ST28 can improve ovarian weight and promote follicular development in POI rats, which may be associated with its function in down-regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins TRAIL, DR4, DR5 and FADD of the death receptor pathway to inhibit apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells.关键词：Penetrative acupuncture;Zhibian(BL54) through Shuidao(ST28);Premature ovarian insufficiency;Death receptors;TRAIL49|236|6更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effects of moxibustion preconditioning on ovarian function, fertility and ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in rats with premature ovarian insufficiency(POI), so as to investigate its underlying mechanism in improving POI. Methods Forty-two female SD rats with two complete estrous cycles were randomly divided into control group, model group and pre-moxibustion group, with 14 rats in each group. The pre-moxibustion group was pretreated with mild moxibustion for 14 days before POI model establishment at 1) “Guanyuan”(CV4) and “Zhongwan”(CV12) and 2) bilateral “Shenshu”(BL23) as two sets of acupoints on alternate days, once each day, for 10 min each acupoint. After 14-day mild moxibustion intervention, 75 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1) tripterygium glycoside tablet suspension was administered to rats in the pre-moxibustion group and the model group by gavage, for 14 consecutive days, while equivalent saline was given to rats in the control group in the same way. After modeling, the effect of moxibustion preconditioning on ovarian reserve function was evaluated by the estrous cycles, pregnancy rate and embryo number, morphological changes of ovaries, and serum sex hormone levels. TUNEL staining was used to detect the rate of granulosa cell apoptosis in ovaries. Immunohistochemistry and real time quantitative PCR were used to detect the relative expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins and mRNA levels in ovaries. Results Compared with the control group, the estrous cycles were disturbed; the pregnancy rate and number of embryos, the wet weight of ovary and ovarian index, the number of total follicles and different level of follicles, serum Estradiol(E_2) and anti-mullerian hormone(AMH) levels were all significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the number of atretic follicles, serum follicule-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH) levels, the number of TUNEL-positive granulosa cells, the expression of ovarian Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins and mRNAs were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the disordered estrous cycles were improved; the pregnancy rate, the embryo numbers, the wet weight of ovary, and the total follicle number and primary follicle number, serum AMH level were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the number of atretic follicles, serum FSH level, the number of TUNEL-positive granulosa cells, expression of ovarian Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins and mRNAs were all significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05) in the moxibustion group. Conclusion Moxibustion preconditioning could improve ovarian function and improve fertility of POI rats, which may be associated with reducing the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells.关键词：Premature ovarian insufficiency;Moxibustion preconditioning;Ovarian function;Apoptosis45|309|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) preconditioning of “Quchi”(LI11) and “Xuehai”(SP10) on mast cell(MC) degranulation, and expressions of inositol triphosphate(IP3), reactive oxygen species(ROS), transient receptor potential(TRP) M2, calmodulin(CaM) in rats with urticaria, so as to reveal its molecular mechanism under-lying improving urticaria. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, model, preconditioning of EA(Pre-EA) and medication groups(n=8 rats/group). The urticaria model was established by intradermal injection of dilute allogeneic antioalbumin serum at the spots of the bilateral symmetry of the spine on the back, and followed by tail venous injection of mixture solution of egg albumin diluent, plus 0.5% Evans blue and normal saline. Ten days before the end of modeling, rats of the pre-EA group received EA stimulation of LI11 and SP10 for 20 min, once a day for 10 consecutive days, and those of the medication group received gavage of loratadine tablets diluted solution(1 mg/kg) once a day for 10 days. The times of rat's scratching the sensitized skin were recorded, the diameter of the sensitized blue spots was measured and the degranulation rate of skin MCs was counted under microscope after toluidine blue staining. The expression levels of IP3, ROS, TRPM2 and CaM in the skin tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot, respectively. Results Compared with the blank control group, the scratching times, diameter of the sensitized blue spots, degranulation rate of MCs, and the expression levels of ion channel related proteins(IP3, ROS, TRPM2 and CaM) were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the scratching times, diameter of sensitized blue spot, degranulation rate of MCs, and the expression levels of IP3, ROS, TRPM2 and CaM in both pre-EA and medication groups were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01, P<0.05). No significant differences were found between Pre-EA and medication groups in down-regulating the levels of the above-mentioned 7 indexes. Conclusion EA-LI11 and SP10 preconditioning can reduce the cutaneous anaphylaxis in urticaria rats, which may be related to its effects in inhibiting the degranulation of MCs, and the expression of TRP channel related proteins.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Urticaria;Transient receptor potential channel;Calcium ion;Mast cells39|239|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on mast cell activation-related substances and intestinal barrier function in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D) model rats, so as to explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods Thirty female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and EA group, with 10 rats in each group. IBS-D model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with senna solution gavage. Rats in the EA group received EA treatment(2 Hz/15 Hz, 0.1-1.0 mA) at “Zusanli”(ST36), “Taichong”(LR3) and “Tianshu”(ST25), 20 min per day, for a total of 14 days, with sides alternated daily. Visceral pain threshold was used to evaluate visceral hypersensitivity, diarrhea index was used to evaluate diarrhea degree. After all treatments, the pathological scores of colon were recorded after HE staining, the contents of cholecystokinin(CCK), substance P(SP), tryptase(TPS) and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) in colon were detected by ELISA, and the expressions of colonic tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the visceral pain threshold, the expression levels of colonic ZO-1 and occludin proteins decreased(P<0.01), while the diarrhea index, the contents of colonic CCK, SP, TPS and ATP were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group. After intervention, in comparison with the model group, the visceral pain thre-shold, the protein expression levels of colonic ZO-1 and occludin protein increased(P<0.01), while the diarrhea index, the contents of colonic CCK, SP, TPS and ATP were significantly decreased(P<0.01) in the EA group. Conclusion EA can significantly alleviate the symptoms of visceral hypersensitivity and diarrhea in IBS-D rats. Its mechanism may be related to down-regulating colonic CCK, SP, TPS and ATP, inhibiting mast cell activation and degranulation, and up-regulating colonic barrier tight junction proteins.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome;Gut barrier;Tight junction;Mast cell58|579|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of early electroacupuncture(EA) intervention on Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling pathway in mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying alleviation of ALS. Methods Fifty-four ALS(ALS-SOD1(G93A)) mice with SOD1(G93A)) mice with SOD1(G93A) gene mutation identified by PCR were randomly divided into model group, 60 day(d) EA group and 90 d EA group(n=18 mice in each group), and other 18 ALS-SOD1(G93A) gene mutation identified by PCR were randomly divided into model group, 60 day(d) EA group and 90 d EA group(n=18 mice in each group), and other 18 ALS-SOD1(G93A) negative mice were used as the control group. At the age of 60 and 90 days, mice of the two EA groups received EA(2 Hz, 1 mA) stimulation of bilateral “Jiaji”(EX-B2) of L1-L2 and L5-L6 for 20 min, twice a week for 4 weeks, respectively. When being 60 days old, the mice in the model and control groups were subjected to the same binding as that in the two EA groups but without EA intervention. The tail suspension test was used to judge the onset time of disease and the survival period, and rotary rod fatigue test was used to evaluate the hind limb motor function. Nissl staining method was used to observe the content of Nissl bodies in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1(Iba-1) in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord, and Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of TLR4, NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the lumbar spinal cord. Results The disease onset time apparently delayed in the 60 d EA group than in the model group(P<0.01). The survival time was apparently shorter in the model group than in the control group(P<0.01), and obviously prolonged in the 60 d EA and 90 d EA groups than in the model group(P<0.01). The rotatory rod time was obviously shorter in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05), and apparently longer in the 60 d EA group than in the model group and 90 d EA group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the model group had a decrease in the number of Nissl bodies in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.01), and an increase in the expression levels of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α in the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.01). In contrast to the model group, both 60 d EA and 90 d EA groups had an apparent increase in the number of Nissl bodies and a marked decrease in the expression levels of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α in the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.05, P<0.01). The therapeutic effects of 60 d EA group were evidently superior to those of 90 d EA group in delaying the onset time of disease, prolonging the survival time and rotatory rod time, increasing the number of Nissl bodies, and in down-regulating the expression of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion The early intervention of EX-B2 EA is more effective in delaying the progression of ALS than post-onset intervention in ALS-SOD1(G93A) negative mice were used as the control group. At the age of 60 and 90 days, mice of the two EA groups received EA(2 Hz, 1 mA) stimulation of bilateral “Jiaji”(EX-B2) of L1-L2 and L5-L6 for 20 min, twice a week for 4 weeks, respectively. When being 60 days old, the mice in the model and control groups were subjected to the same binding as that in the two EA groups but without EA intervention. The tail suspension test was used to judge the onset time of disease and the survival period, and rotary rod fatigue test was used to evaluate the hind limb motor function. Nissl staining method was used to observe the content of Nissl bodies in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1(Iba-1) in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord, and Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of TLR4, NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the lumbar spinal cord. Results The disease onset time apparently delayed in the 60 d EA group than in the model group(P<0.01). The survival time was apparently shorter in the model group than in the control group(P<0.01), and obviously prolonged in the 60 d EA and 90 d EA groups than in the model group(P<0.01). The rotatory rod time was obviously shorter in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05), and apparently longer in the 60 d EA group than in the model group and 90 d EA group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the model group had a decrease in the number of Nissl bodies in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.01), and an increase in the expression levels of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α in the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.01). In contrast to the model group, both 60 d EA and 90 d EA groups had an apparent increase in the number of Nissl bodies and a marked decrease in the expression levels of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α in the lumbar spinal cord(P<0.05, P<0.01). The therapeutic effects of 60 d EA group were evidently superior to those of 90 d EA group in delaying the onset time of disease, prolonging the survival time and rotatory rod time, increasing the number of Nissl bodies, and in down-regulating the expression of Iba-1, TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion The early intervention of EX-B2 EA is more effective in delaying the progression of ALS than post-onset intervention in ALS-SOD1(G93A) mice, which may be related to its functions in inhibiting the excessive activation of microglia, and down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;Treatment opportunity;Inflammatory factor;Motor function;Survival time45|305|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：“Pain-point needling”, a term of acupuncture medicine from the Chapter Jingjin(Muscles along Meridians) of Lingshu Jing(Miraculous Pivot), is one of the selection principles of acupuncture and moxibustion stimulation spots, and is an integral part of the theory of Jingjin. The statement style of the Jingjin theory in Lingshu imitates that of the twelve regular meridians theory. From the perspective of the evolution process of the meridian theory, it is a continuation of the literature from Jianbo Maishu(Bamboo Slips Book and Silk Book on Meridians) to Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic). In this context, meridian diseases are treated with acupoints, while Jingjin disorders are treated with “pain-point needling” rather than acupoints. The theoretical framework of the two is strictly relative. This phenomenon is due to the strong position of the meridian and acupoint theory at that time, which affects the reasoning habit of acupuncture and moxibustion literature. The correct understanding of “pain-point needling” will also involve the understanding of “Ashi point” and its relationship with the acupoints, so as to help us clarify the concept of the acupoints, and then construct the category of “acupuncture and moxibustion stimulating points”, which may solve the problems existing in the current theoretical system of acupuncture and moxibustion.关键词：Pain-point needling;Muscles along meridians;Regular meridians;Acupoints;Ashi point;Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic)45|931|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Conditional gene editing animals and viral vectors have been widely applied in the research fields of biology and medicine. Recently, they are also used as the effective approaches to reveal the underlying mechanism of acupuncture from the nervous system to the specific molecules. In order to further understand the application of conditional gene editing animals and viral vectors, in this article, we analyze their characteristics, advantages and recent development in the field of acupuncture research and discuss their potential roles and prospect in the future.关键词：Acupuncture;Conditional gene editing;Viral vectors;Optogenetics;Chemogenetics45|172|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To analyze the regularity of acupoint selection, and compatibility of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression. Methods Articles both in English and Chinese published in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Chinese biomedical literature database(SinoMed), PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library from the inception to February of 2021 were retrieved by using key words “acupuncture” or “moxibustion” or “electroacupuncture” or “acupoint application” or “ acupoint burying” or “acupoint injection” or “fire needling” and “postpartum depression” or “puerperal depression”. The frequencies of selected acupoints and meridians were counted by using data mining technology, and the points with high frequency were analyzed by cluster analysis. Results A total of 42 articles were included, containing 65 prescriptions and 80 points. The highest frequency of acupoints were Baihui(GV20), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Taichong(LR3), Neiguan(PC6), Zusanli(ST36) and Shenmen(HT7). The most frequently selected channels were Bladder Meridian, Governor Meridian and Liver Meridian. Among the specific points, intersection points, five-shu points, yuan-source points and back-shu points were widely used. Through cluster analysis, four effective cluster groups [GV20-SP6, LR3-PC6, Xinshu(BL15)-Ganshu(BL18)-Pishu(BL20)-Guanyuan(CV4), Hegu(LI4)-Qihai(CV6)-Qimen(LR14)] were obtained, as well as a group of main points(GV20-SP6-LR3-PC6-ST36-HT7) and two groups of matching points [LI4-CV6-LR14 and BL15-BL18-BL20-CV4-Sishencong(EX-HN1)]. Conclusion Through data mining technology, this paper summarized the acupoint selection and compatibility law of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression, focusing on regulating Qi, blood and spirit, so as to provide reference for guiding the clinical acupuncture treatment and scientific research of postpartum depression.关键词：Postpartum depression;Acupuncture;Rules of acupoint selection;Data mining76|877|1更新时间：2023-08-11
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