最新刊期
卷 48 ， 期 6 ， 2023
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion preconditioning on learning-memory ability, Toll like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signal pathway related proteins and microglia in rats with Alzheimer's disease(AD), so as to explore its possible mechanisms underlying improvement of AD. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, sham operation, AD model and pre-moxibustion groups, with 9 rats in each group. Moxibustion was applied to “Baihui”(GV20), “Shenshu”(BL23) and “Zusanli”(ST36) for 15 min, once daily, 6 days as a course of treatment for 3 courses. At the end of moxibustion, the AD model was established by injection of Aβ_(25-35) aggregation solution into the bilateral hippocampus. The sham operation group was only injected with the same amount of 0.9% Nacl solution. The spatial learning-memory ability of rats was detected by Morris water maze test, the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). The histopathological changes of hippocampus tissue were observed by HE staining, and the protein expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus detected by Western blot, and the positive expressions of Iba-1, CD80 and CD206 in the hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunofluorescence labeling. The contents of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 in the hippocampus were measured by ELISA.Results Compared with the sham operation group, the escape latency was significantly increased(P<0.01), and the number of platform quadrant crossing times was decreased(P<0.01) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the increased escape latency and the decreased platform quadrant crossing times were reversed in the pre-moxibustion group(P<0.01). TEM and light microscope observation showed loose arrangement of cells, enlarged cell space, degeneration, swelling and deformation of hippocampal neurons, rupture of membranes of a large number of cells, reduction of mitochondria, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, and matrix vacuoles, uneven distribution of organelles and cytoplasm, and being difficult in distinguishing the nuclear cytoplasm in the model group, which was relatively milder in the pre-moxibustion group. The expression levels of hippocampal NF-κB p65 and TLR4, the mean immunofluorescence density of Iba-1 and CD80, as well as the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampal CA1 region were significantly increased in the model group than those in the sham operation group(P<0.01), and obviously decreased in the pre-moxibustion group than those in the model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). Whereas the expression of CD206 and the content of IL-10 were evidently decreased in the model group than those in the sham operation group(P<0.01), and strikingly increased in the pre-moxibustion group than those in the model group(P<0.01). No significant differences were found between the sham operation group and the normal group in all the indexes mention above(P >0.05).Conclusion Pre-moxibustion at GV20, BL23 and ST36 can improve learning-memory ability in AD rats, which may be associated with its functions in promoting the polarization of microglia from M1 to M2 and reducing the neuroinflammatory response by way of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.关键词：Alzheimer's disease;Moxibustion preconditioning;Learning-memory ability;Toll-like receptor 4;Nuclear factor-kappa B;Microglia;Inflammatory factor74|534|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of “regulating qi and relieving depression” acupuncture underlying improvement of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression in rats by using Tandem Mass Tags(TMT) quantitative proteomics technique. Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and acupuncture groups, with 12 rats in each group. The depression model was induced by CUMS stress for 21 days. After the depression model was successfully established, the rats in the acupuncture group received manual acupuncture stimulation at “Baihui”(GV20) and “Yintang”(GV24+) for 20 min, once daily for 21 days. Open field test, sugar water preference test and forced swimming test(FST) were used to evaluate the behavioral changes. TMT quantitative proteomics was used to obtain differential proteins in the hippocampus tissue and related signaling pathways enrichment was analyzed, followed by verifying differential protein pathways by using Western blot and immunofluorescence methods. Results Behavior tests showed that on the 21+) for 20 min, once daily for 21 days. Open field test, sugar water preference test and forced swimming test(FST) were used to evaluate the behavioral changes. TMT quantitative proteomics was used to obtain differential proteins in the hippocampus tissue and related signaling pathways enrichment was analyzed, followed by verifying differential protein pathways by using Western blot and immunofluorescence methods. Results Behavior tests showed that on the 21(st) and 42(st) and 42(nd) days, the horizontal crossing times, walking distance and percentage of sugar water consumption were significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the immobility time of FST was obviously increased(P<0.05) in the model group relevant to the control group. After acupuncture intervention, the horizontal crossing times, walking distance and percentage of sugar water consumption were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the immobility time was apparently decreased(P<0.05) in the acupuncture group relevant to the model group. The TMT quantitative proteomics of hippocampus tissue displayed that of the 71 differential proteins(model group vs control group), 32 was down-regulated and 39 up-regulated in the model group; and among the above 71 differential proteins, there were 20 differential proteins between acupuncture group and model group, 15 down-regulated and 5 up-regulated in the acupuncture group(vs the model group). The expression of Mapk8ipl was up-regulated in the model group(vs the control group) and down-regulated in the acupuncture group(vs the model group). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these acupuncture-related differential proteins mainly involve the regulation of blood coagulation system, MAPK signaling pathway, etc. We selected the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway related to depression for verification. Western blot showed that the expression levels of c-JUN and phosphorylated c-JUN terminal kinase(p-JNK) proteins in the hippocampus were up-regulated in the model group relevant to the control group(P<0.05); while the expression levels of c-JUN and p-JNK proteins in the hippocampus were down-regulated in the acupuncture group relevant to the model group(P<0.05). The results of immunofluorescence showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of c-JUN and p-JNK in hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG regions was increased in the model group relevant to the control group(P<0.05), while the mean fluorescence intensity of c-JUN and p-JNK in hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG regions was obviously lower in the acupuncture group than in the model group(P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture for “regulating qi and relieving depression” can significantly improve depression-like behavior in CUMS-induced depression model rats, which involves multiple targets and multiple pathways, including MAPK/JNK signaling.关键词：Acupuncture;Regulating qi and relieving depression;Depression;Proteomics;c-JUN terminal kinase signaling pathway51|348|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of “Tiaoshen Tongluo” acupuncture(TTA) at “Dingzhongxian”(MS5) and right “Dingpangxian”(MS8) on neurological injury, muscle tension and neurotransmitters through nuclear transcription factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)/reactive oxygen species(ROS) signaling pathway in spastic rats after stroke, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying relief of post-stroke spasm(PSS). Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. sham operation, PSS model, medication, non-acupoint acupuncture, TTA, TTA+ML385 groups, with 15 rats in each group. The PSS model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. After modeling, rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of baclofen(0.4 mg/kg), once daily for 7 days. For rats of the non-acupoint acupuncture group, the spot about 10 mm above the iliac crest and below the armpit of the affected side was needled, and for those of the TTA group and TTA+ML385 group, EA stimulation(1 mA, 2 Hz/15 Hz) was applied to MS5 and right MS8 for 10 min, once daily for 7 consecutive days. Intraperitoneal injection of ML385 [ a specific nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) inhibitor, 30 mg/kg] was given to rats of the TTA+ML385 group before TTA was performed. The rats' neurological deficit score(0—4 points) was evaluated by referring to Zea Longa's methods and the muscular spasm degree of the quadriceps femoris of the left hindlimb(0—4 points) assessed by using Ashworth scale(MAS). The muscular tension of the left quadriceps femoris was measured by using a tension sensor, and Hoffman(H)-reflex response and M and H waves of electromyogram of the muscle between the metatarsals of the left foot were measured using an electrophysiological recorder. The cerebral infarction volume was measured after 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining. The contents of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA), glycine(Gly), glutamic acid(Glu) and aspartic acid(Asp) of the right cortical infarct area were detected by using high performance capillary electrophoresis, and the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine(DA) and norepinephrine(NE) were detected by fluorescence spectrophoto-metry, as well as the level of ROS in the right cerebral cortical infarction tissues was detected by dihydroethidium staining. The expression levels of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) proteins in the infarcted cerebral area were detected using Western blot. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the neurological deficit score, MAS score, percentage of cerebral infarction volume, Hmax/Mmax ratio, contents of Glu and Asp and ROS level were significantly increased(P<0.001), whereas the muscle tone, stimulation threshold for inducing H-reflex, GABA, Gly, 5-HT, DA and NE contents, cerebral Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression levels were apparently decreased(P<0.001) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the neurological deficit score, MAS score, percentage of cerebral infarction volume, Hmax/Mmax ratio, contents of Glu, Asp and ROS levels were decreased(P<0.001), and the muscle tone, stimulation threshold for inducing H-reflex, GABA, Gly, 5-HT, DA and NE contents, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expressions were increased(P<0.001, P<0.01) in both the medication and TTA groups. No significant differences were found between the non-acupoint group and model group, and between the medication and TTA groups in all the indexes mentioned above(P>0.05). After administration of ML385, the effects of TTA in reducing neurological deficit score, MAS score, Hmax/Mmax, percentage of cerebral infarct volume, Glu, Asp, ROS, and up-regulating H-reflex threshold, GABA, Gly, 5-HT, DA, NE, Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were eliminated(P<0.001,P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion TTA can improve neurological behavior and muscle spasm in rats with PSS, which may be associated with its functions in regulating the levels of neurotransmitters in the cortical infarcted area by activating the Nrf2/ROS signaling pathway.关键词：Post-stroke spasm;“Tiaoshen Tongluo” acupuncture;Nuclear transcription factor E2 related factor 2/reactive oxygen species pathway;Neurological function;Muscular tone;Neurotransmitter80|379|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on the degree of endometrial fibrosis and inflammatory response in the rat model of intrauterine adhesion(IUA), so as to explore the possible mechanism of EA underlying improving IUA and promoting endometrium regeneration. Methods Forty-five female SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 15 rats in each group. The IUA model was established by mechanical scratching combined with lipopolysaccharide infection. EA was applied to bilateral “Zigong”(EX-CA1) and “Sanyinjiao”(SP6), with acupuncture applied to “Guanyuan”(CV4) for rats in the EA group, started from the 2(nd) day after modeling, 15 minutes every time, once a day for 2 consecutive estrous cycles. Samples from 5 rats in each group were collected during estrus period. Changes of endometrial histopathology and number of glands were observed after HE staining. The area of endometrial fibrosis was observed and calculated after Masson staining. The positive expressions of collagen type I(Col-I) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) proteins in endometrial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry method. The protein expression of integrin αγβ3 in uterine tissue was detected by Western blot. The contents of interleukin(IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in uterine tissue were detected by ELISA. Samples from remaining 10 rats in each group were collected on the 8(nd) day after modeling, 15 minutes every time, once a day for 2 consecutive estrous cycles. Samples from 5 rats in each group were collected during estrus period. Changes of endometrial histopathology and number of glands were observed after HE staining. The area of endometrial fibrosis was observed and calculated after Masson staining. The positive expressions of collagen type I(Col-I) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) proteins in endometrial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry method. The protein expression of integrin αγβ3 in uterine tissue was detected by Western blot. The contents of interleukin(IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in uterine tissue were detected by ELISA. Samples from remaining 10 rats in each group were collected on the 8(th) day of gestation for calculation of the embryo implantation numbers of the rats. Results HE staining showed complete uterine tissue structure of the rats in the blank group during estrus period, with clear endometrial layer, unobstructed and regular uterine cavity, and dense glands. Destroyed endometrial layer, narrowed and adhered uterine cavity, and sparse glands of the rats were seen in the model group, which was relatively milder in the EA group. Following modeling, the number of endometrial glands, the protein expression of Integrin αγβ3, the number of implanted uterine embryos on the injured side of the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.01), while the area of endometrial fibrosis, the positive expressions of Col-I and TGF-β1 proteins, and the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in the uterine tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01) in comparison with those in the blank group. After intervention, the number of endometrial glands, the protein expression of Integrin αγβ3, the number of implanted uterine embryos on the injured side of the EA group were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the area of endometrial fibrosis, the positive expressions of Col-I and TGF-β1 proteins, and the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in the uterine tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05) compared with the model group. Conclusion EA can enhance endometrial receptivity, and promote endometrial regeneration, be conducive to embryo implantation in IUA model rats, which may be related to its effect in alleviating endometrial fibrosis and reducing inflammatory response.关键词：Intrauterine adhesion;Electroacupuncture;Endometrial regeneration;Fibrosis;Inflammatory response46|119|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture pretreatment on postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD), neuronal apoptosis and neuron-inflammation in aged rats. Method Thirty-six male SD rats aged 20 months were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and electroacupuncture(EA) group, with 12 rats in each group. The POCD rats model was prepared by internal fixation of left tibial fracture. Five days before modeling, EA stimulation(2 Hz/15 Hz, 1 mA, 30 min) was applied to “Zusanli”(ST36), “Hegu”(LI4) and “Neiguan”(PC6) on the unaffected side of rats in the EA group, once a day for consecutive 5 d. The learning and memory abilities of rats were evaluated by water maze test 31—35 days after operation. The apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was observed by Tunel/NeuN double staining. The expressions of high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1) and phosphorylated(p)-nuclear factor(NF)-κB in microglia cells in hippocampal dentate gyrus were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The expression levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1β in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the escape latency was prolonged(P<0.05); the frequency of crossing the original platform, ratio of the swimming distance and the time in the target quadrant of the Morris water maze were significantly decreased(P<0.05); the apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons was significantly increased(P<0.05); the expressions of HMGB1 and p-NF-κB in microglia cells in the dentate gyrus and the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in hippocampus were increased(P<0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the results of the above indexes were all opposite(P<0.05) in the EA group. Conclusion EA preconditioning can regulate hippocampal inflammatory response, alleviate neuronal apoptosis rate and long-term cognitive dysfunction in aged rats with POCD, the mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of microglia HMGB1/NF-κB pathway in hippocampal dentate gyrus.关键词：Electroacupuncture;Neuron-inflammation;Postoperative cognitive dysfunction;High mobility group protein B173|196|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α(eIF2α) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats with post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), so as to explore the underlying mechanism of acupuncture in treating PTSD. Methods Twenty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, acupuncture and sertraline groups, with 7 rats in each group. The PTSD model was established by single prolonged stress method. The next day after modeling, acupuncture was applied to “Baihui”(GV20) and “Dazhui”(GV14) of rats in the acupuncture group for 10 min, once a day for 7 days. Sertraline(10 mg/kg) was given by gavage to rats of the sertraline group daily for 7 days. The behavioral changes of rats were detected by elevated cross maze experiment and new object recognition experiment. The expression levels of PERK,phosphorylated(p)-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4) proteins in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. The ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results Compared with the normal group, the percentage of times and retention time of entering the open arm of the elevated cross maze experiment, and new object recognition index were significantly decreased(P<0.01); the expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2α and ATF4 proteins in hippocampus were significantly increased(P<0.05) of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, the percentage of times and retention time of entering the open arm, and new object recognition index were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01), the expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2α and ATF4 proteins in hippocampus were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) of rats in the acupuncture and sertraline groups; the expression level of eIF2α protein was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in the sertraline group. Hippocampal neurons in the model group were damaged, the rough endoplasmic reticulum showed severe dilation, the mitochondrial cristae showed reduction or mild cavitation; compared with the model group, hippocampal neurons structural damage and the rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation were alleviated, and only some of the mitochondrial cristae decreased in the acupuncture and sertraline groups. Conclusion Acupuncture can alleviate the anxiety behavior as well as the recognition and memory ability of PTSD rats, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of hippocampus PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway and the reduction of hippocampal neuron damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress.关键词：Post-traumatic stress disorder;Acupuncture;Endoplasmic reticulum stress;Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α52|193|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion at “Zusanli”(ST36) on the silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)/p53 signaling pathway in subacute aging model rats, so as to reveal its mechanisms in delaying aortic aging. Methods Male SD rats were divided into blank group, model group, prevention group and treatment group, with 20 rats in each group. Subacute aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose(500 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)). In the morning, rats in the prevention group received moxibustion at ST36 with 3 moxa cones after modeling operation, once every day for 42 d. From the day after the 42-day modeling, rats in the treatment group received the same moxibustion treatment as the prevent group for 28 d. Rats in the blank and model group were fixed in the similar way as the other two groups, for 5 min. Contents of serum SIRT1, p53, endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were detected by ELISA. Histopathological changes of aortic tissue were observed after HE staining. Expressions of SIRT1 and p53 mRNAs and proteins in aortic tissue were detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the blank group, the model group showed aging symptoms, the prevention group was similar to the blank group, and the treatment group was slightly better than the model group. Compared with the blank group, content of serum p53, expressions of p53 mRNA and protein in aortic tissues were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), while contents of serum SIRT1, VEGF, eNOS, and expressions of SIRT1 mRNA and protein in aortic tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, content of serum p53, and expression of p53 mRNA and protein in aortic tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01) in the prevention and treatment groups, while the contents of serum SIRT1, VEGF, eNOS, and the expressions of SIRT1 mRNA and protein in aortic tissues were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the treatment group, rats in the prevention group displayed significant improvement of the above indexes(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the endothelial cells were disordered, the vessel wall was significantly thickened, and the senescent cells were increased in the model group; the blood vessel walls were thinner to varying degrees, and the senescent cells were reduced and unevenly distributed in the prevention and treatment groups. The histopathological lesion was improved more obviously in the prevention group than the treatment group. Conclusion Moxibustion at ST36 can alleviate vascular endothelial injury and oxidative stress in subacute aging rats, which may be related to its effect in regulating the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway.关键词：Senescence;Moxibustion;Zusanli(ST36);Silent information regulator 1/p53 signaling pathway47|265|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the effect of “Huayu Tongluo”(resolving blood stagnation to dredge meridian-collaterals) moxibustion on remyelination and Sonic Hedgehog(Shh) signaling pathway in the corpus callosum of vascular dementia(VD) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of VD. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomized into sham-operation, model, medication and moxibustion groups, with 12 rats in each group.The VD model was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Moxibustion was applied to “Shenting”(GV24), “Baihui”(GV20) and “Dazhui”(GV14) for 20 min once a day, 7 d as a treatment course, for 3 courses, with one day's rest between every two courses. Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of 10 mg/kg of chloromastine solution once a day, and the course of treatment was the same as that of the moxibustion group. The rat's learning-memory ability was assessed by Morris water maze test(escape latency). The neurological deficits were evaluated by using Longa's scale.The mRNA and protein expressions of Shh and Gli1 in the corpus callosum were measured by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR and Western blot, separately. The ultrastructure of the myelin sheath and myelinated axons was observed under transmission electron microscopy(TCM).Results Compared with the sham-operation group, the neurologic score and escape latency were significantly increased and prolonged(P<0.01), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Gli1 and the number of myelinated axons were obviously decreased in the model group(P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the escape latency was apparently shortened(P<0.05), while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Gli1 as well as the number of myelinated axons were strikingly increased in both moxibustion and medication groups(P<0.01). Results of TCM showed that in the model group, the arrangement of myelin coil structures was sparse and fuzzy, and some structures were bulged and disbanded. The oligodendrocytes were irregular, and the number of myelin sheath was rare. These situations were relatively milder in both moxibustion and medication groups.Conclusion “Huayu Tongluo” moxibustion can promote the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells after cerebral ischemia by regulating the expressions of Shh and Gli1 in Shh signaling pathway, thus promoting the regeneration of cerebral white matter myelin sheaths in VD rats, which may contribute to improving learning-memory ability.关键词：Vascular dementia;Huayu Tongluo moxibustion therapy;Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway;Remyelination46|315|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of cluster needling of scalp points on nuclear transcription factor kappa B p65(NF-κB p65),NF-κB inhibitory protein α(IKBα),β secretase 1(BACE1),beta-amyloid protein(Aβ) and hippocampal morphology in Alzheimer's disease(AD) rats, so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of AD. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, clustering acupuncture and medication groups, with 12 trats in each group. AD model was induced by Aβ_(1-42) injection into bilateral hippocampus. In the clustering acupuncture group, “Baihui”(DU20) and 1 mm on left and right sides of DU20 were needled for 30 min, once daily for 14 d. Rats of the medication group were given donepezil hydrochloride(0.5 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)·d(-1)) intragastric perfusion once a day for 14 d. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function of rats. HE staining was used to observe the structure changes of hippocampal tissue. The expressions of NF-κB p65,IKBα and BACE1 in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. ELISA was used to detect the levels of Aβ in hippocampus and serum of rats. Results Compared with sham operation group, the escape latency of Morris water maze test in the model group was prolonged, the number of crossing the original platform was decreased(P<0.01),the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and BACE1 in hippocampus, and the levels of Aβ in hippocampus and serum of AD rats were increased(P<0.01,P<0.05),while the expression of IKBα protein was decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the escape latency of Morris water maze test was shortened and the number of crossing the original platform was increased in the clustering acupuncture and medication groups(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and BACE1 in hippocampus, the levels of Aβ in hippocampus and serum were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),while the expression of IKBα protein was increased(P<0.01). In comparison of the medication group, the protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and IKBα was lower in the clustering acupuncture group(P<0.05). HE staining showed that cells in the hippocampus were arranged loosely and disordered, some cytoplasm was hyperchromatic, nucleus was pyknotic, inflammatory cells were infiltrated in the model group, which were relatively milder in the clustering acupuncture and medication groups. Conclusion Cluster needling at scalp points may improve the cognitive impairment in AD rats by reducing inflammatory infiltration in hippocampus, regulating the expressions of NF-κB p65,IKBα and BACE1,and inhibiting the aggregation of Aβ.关键词：Alzheimer's disease;Cluster needling of scalp points;Nuclear transcription factor kappa B;Hippocampus;Cognitive impairment64|142|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture at “Houxi”(SI3) and “Huantiao”(GB30) on high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) protein and mRNA in spinal nerve trunk(SNT) of rats with lumbar disc herniation(LDH), so as to explore the mechanisms of acupuncture at this paired points on the treatment for LDH. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, conventional acupuncture(CA) and paired points(PP) groups(with 8 rats in each group). The LDH model was established by injection of autologous suspension made from rats' own nucleus pulsus into the epidural space. Rats in the CA group received acupuncture treatment at bilateral “Weizhong”(BL40), “Dachangshu”(BL25) and “Shenshu”(BL23), while rats in the PP group received acupuncture at bilateral SI3 and GB30, 30 min each time, once daily for 14 consecutive days. The thermal pain threshold of bilateral hind feet of rats was detected by thermal pain stimulator. The contents of serum IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 of rats were detected by ELISA. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of HMGB1 protein in the lumbar(L)5 SNT of rats. The relative expression of HMGB1 mRNA in L5 SNT was determined by qPCR. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of L5 SNT. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the thermal pain threshold of bilateral hind feet in the model group was decreased(P<0.05); compared with the model group, the thermal pain threshold of bilateral hind feet in the CA group and the PP group were increased(P<0.05). The expressions of HMGB1 protein and mRNA in L5 SNT, and the contents of serum IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 of rats in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.000 1, P<0.001) in contrast to the sham operation group. The expressions of HMGB1 protein and mRNA in L5 SNT, and the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly decreased(P<0.01, P<0.000 1, P<0.001, P<0.05) in the CA and PP group, in comparison with those of the model group. Compared with the CA group, the above indexes of rats in the PP group recovered more significantly(P<0.05,P<0.001, P<0.01,P<0.000 1). The histomorphological results showed scattered and various-sized nerve fibers, vacuolation, a large number of disintegrating myelin sheath and lysed Schwann cells in the model group. Myelin sheaths regeneration, regularly-arranged nerve fibers were seen in the CA group and the PP group, with more obvious histopathological recovery observed in the PP group than the CA group. Conclusion Acupuncture intervention inhibites the expressions of HMGB1 protein and mRNA in rats with LDH, and further reduces the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, which is beneficial to inflammatory response inhibition and pain alleviation. The therapeutic effect of the PP group is more obvious than that of the CA group.关键词：Lumbar disc herniation;Acupuncture;Paired points;Houxi(SI3);Huantiao(GB30);High mobility group box 175|350|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To investigate the long-term clinical efficacy and safety of “Fuyang Guben”(supporting yang and consolidating root) acupuncture-moxibustion therapy on perennial allergic rhinitis(PAR), and to explore its functioning mechanism. Methods The patients with PAR were randomly divided into acupuncture + western medicine group(n=30) and western medicine group(n=30). In the western medicine group, fluticasone propionate nasal spray was administered, one spray in each nostril in one treatment, once a day, for 6 weeks. On the basis of the western medicine group, fuyangguben acupuncture-moxibustion therapy was supplemented. Acupuncture was applied to Shangxing(GV23), Yintang(GV24+), and bilateral Yingxiang(LI20), Shangyingxiang(EX-HN8), Sibai(ST2), Hegu(LI4) and Chize(LU5); warm needling was applied at Dazhui(GV14). The patients of this group received 30 min of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy 3 times weekly during the first 4 weeks and twice a week in the last 2 weeks, totally for 6 weeks. Before treatment, after treatment, in week 10, 18 and 30 of follow-up visits, the reflective total nasal symptom score(rTNSS), the total non-nasal symptom score(TNNSS), the total ophthalmic symptom score(TOSS), and the score of the rhinitis quality of life(RQLQ) scale were compared in the patients of the two groups separately. Using ELISA, the serum concentrations of total immunoglobulin E(IgE) and interleukin-4(IL-4) were detected before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the rTNSS, TNNSS, TOSS, as well as RQLQ score were lower in comparison with those before treatment in each group(P<0.05).The rTNSS, TNNSS, TOSS and the score of RQLQ in the week 10, 18 and 30 of follow-up visits were reduced when compared with those before treatment in each group(P<0.05), and these scores in the acupuncture + western medicine group were remarkably lower than those of the western medicine group(P<0.05). After treatment, the serum contents of total IgE and IL-4 were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment in the acupuncture + western medicine group(P<0.05), and these indicators in the acupuncture + western medicine group were lower than those of the western medicine group(P<0.05). Conclusion On the base of treatment with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, “Fuyang Guben” acupuncture-moxibustion therapy is safe and effective on PAR, presenting a remarkably long-term efficacy. The functioning mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of total IgE and IL-4 in serum.关键词：Perennial allergic rhinitis;“Fuyang Guben” acupuncture-moxibustion therapy;Long-term efficacy;Immunoglobulin E;Interleukin-470|220|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Scalp acupuncture, an important modern acupuncture branch that combines acupuncture stimulation and neuroscience, is gaining popularity in the clinic. It is believed that scalp acupuncture can modulate the function of certain brain areas through stimulation of specific scalp areas corresponding to the related cortical areas, thereby providing therapeutic benefits for a wide scope of diseases. In recent decades, there has been remarkable progress in our understanding of the brain circuitry of many brain-related disorders through cutting-edge brain imaging techniques. Unfortunately, these findings have not been incorporated into scalp acupuncture protocols. Thus, identifying surface cortical regions associated with these disorders would expand stimulation target selections of scalp acupuncture. In this manuscript, we aim to 1) propose the idea and methods to incorporate neuroimaging findings and scalp acupuncture; and 2) introduce scalp acupuncture stimulation targets for some psychological and neurological disorders based on recent brain imaging findings. We hope this manuscript can inspire innovation on this topic to help further develop scalp acupuncture.关键词：Scalp acupuncture;Scalp needle stimulation area;Brain imaging;Transcranial electrical stimulation;Brain-related disorders65|193|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：The nervous system is the necessary condition for inducing the curative effect of acupuncture. Both the sympathetic and vagal nerve systems are widely distributed throughout the body and organically connect various systems and organs of the human body. In maintaining the coordination and unity of human physiological activities, it is in line with the holistic view and bidirectional regulation of acupuncture, and fits in with the meridian theory of “internally belonging to the Zang-fu organs and externally connecting with the limbs and joints”. Acupuncture, one of the body surface stimulation therapies, can inhibit the inflammatory response via activating sympathetic/vagus nerve mediated anti-inflammatory pathways. The peripheral nerve innervating diffe-rent acupoints determines the different anti-inflammatory pathways of the autonomic nerve, and different acupuncture methods(stimulation form and stimulation amount) are important factors affecting the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the autonomic nerve. In the future, we should analyze the central integration mechanism between sympathetic nerve and vagus nerve regulated by acupuncture at the level of brain neural circuits, and clarify the “multi-target” advantage of acupuncture, so as to provide inspiration and reference for the study of neuroimmunological effects of acupuncture.关键词：Acupuncture;Anti-inflammation;Autonomic nerve;Brain nerve circuit102|369|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Low-quality sleep in patients with insomnia is closely related to sleep architecture imbalance and neurotransmitter impairment. Acupuncture may reduce the duration of light sleep and its proportion, increase the time of deep sleep and rapid-eye-movement sleep as well as their proportions so as to modulate the sleep architecture for insomnia. The paper summarized the related studies of acupuncture for improving sleep architecture through regulating serotonin, norephinephrine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine and orexin; and explored the effects of acupuncture on the neurotransmitters and their specific performance in regulating sleep architecture. It is anticipated that the review may provide the literature evidences of acupuncture for improving sleep quality in patients with insomnia, and the approaches to the mechanism research of acupuncture for regulating sleep architecture.关键词：Acupuncture;Sleep architecture;Neurotransmitter;Review104|442|2更新时间：2023-08-11
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