最新刊期
卷 48 ， 期 7 ， 2023
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupoint catgut embedding(CE) on Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/Caspase-1 signaling pathway in “deficiency-stasis” syndrome type ulcerative colitis(UC) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of UC. Methods A total of 58 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(10 rats) and model group(48 rats). The “deficiency-stasis” type UC model was established by gavage of adenine and folium sennae solution for 4 weeks, followed by clycter of mixture solution of 5% trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid and 50% ethanol. A total of 44 UC rats were randomized into model, salicylazosulfapyridine(SASP), non-acupoint CE, and acupoint CE groups(11 rats in each group). The catgut embedment was applied to bilateral “Zusanli”(ST36), “Shenshu”(BL23), “Pishu”(BL20), “Dachangshu”(BL25), “Geshu”(BL17) and “Tianshu”(ST25), or non-acupoints(the fat muscles of the buttocks), separately, once every two weeks, 3 times altogether. Rats of the SASP group received gavage of SASP solution, and those of the other groups received gavage of same amount of normal saline, once daily for 42 days. The rat's general conditions and the colon length were recorded, the disease activity index(DAI, 0 to 4 points) and colonic mucosal damage index(CMDI, 0 to 5 points) were calculated. Histopathological changes of the colonic mucosa tissue were observed after HE staining, and the tissue damage index(TDI, 0 to 6 points) was given. The levels of serum NLRP3, interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 were measured by ELISA, and the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC), IL-1β and IL-18 mRNAs were measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expression levels of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 proteins in the colon tissues were measured by Western blot, and the immunoactivity of colonic ASC was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the control group, the rats' body mass and colonic length were significantly decreased(P<0.01), and DAI score, CMDI score, TDI score, contents of serum NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18, expression levels of colonic NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNAs, and NLRP3 and Caspase-1 proteins as well as colonic ASC immunoactivity were significantly up-regulated in the model group(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, both SASP and acupoint CE groups had a significant increase in body mass and colonic length(P<0.01), and a marked decrease in DAI score, CMDI score, TDI score, contents of serum NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18, expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNAs and NLRP3 and Caspase-1 proteins and ASC immunoactivity(P<0.01). The above indexes were improved in the acupoint CE group in relevant to those of the non-acupoint CE group(P<0.01). HE staining of colonic mucosal tissue showed obvious ulcerative surface, destroyed recess, disordered arrangement of glands, mucosal edema and congestion, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells in the model group, which was obviously milder in both SASP and acupoint CE groups. Conclusion Acupoint embedding can alleviate colonic injury and inhibit inflammatory reaction in rats with “deficiency-stasis” type UC by down-regulating colonic NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling.关键词：Ulcerative colitis;Acupoint catgut embedding;Nod-like receptor protein 3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway;Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein;Inflammatory reaction147|16|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion of the combined “Biao-Ben” acupoints on autonomic nervous function and related factors in rats with irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea(IBS-D). Methods Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, IBS-D model, “Biao-Ben” acupoint combination, and conventional acupoint combination groups, with 10 rats in each group. The IBS-D model was established by repeated chronic stress stimulation(water or food deprivation, painful tail pinching, exposure to a 43 ℃ environment, forced swimming in 4 ℃ water, day-night inversion and horizontal vibration) for 28 d, and followed by acute restraint stress(wrapping of shoulders, forelimbs and trunk) for 1 h and gavage of senna fluid, once daily for 28 d. For rats of the “Biao-Ben” acupoint combination group, acupuncture and moxibustion were applied to “Guanyuan”(CV4), bilateral “Zusanli”(ST36), and “Neiguan”(PC6), and for rats of the conventional acupoint combination group, acupuncture and moxibustion were applied to bilateral ST36, “Tianshu”(ST25), and “Shangjuxu”(ST37). Both acupuncture and suspension moxibustion treatment were conduced for 15 min, once daily for 21 days. The fecal water content was calculated, and the spontaneous activity behaviors(total distance of crossing and the number of squares crossed in 5 min) were evaluated by open-field tests. The abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) was detected. H.E. staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of colon tissue. The domains of heart rate variability(HRV) including low frequency(LF), high frequency(HF), and LF/HF were analyzed using an electrophysiological recorder. The contents of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in serum and noradrenaline(NE) in plasma were detected using ELISA. The expression level and immunoactivity of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) in colon tissues were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence histochemistry, separately. Results Compared with the normal group, the model group had a striking increase in fecal water content, AWR scores at 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm Hg, NE and CGRP contents, LF, LF/HF, and 5-HT protein expression and immunoactivity(P<0.01), and an obvious decrease in the total distance of crossing, the number of squares crossed, and HF of HRV(P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the fecal water content, AWR scores at 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm Hg, NE and CGRP contents, LF, LF/HF, and 5-HT protein expression and immunoactivity were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05), while the total distance of cros-sing, number of squares crossed, HF of HRV were considerably increased(P<0.01, P<0.05) in both “Biao-Ben” acupoint combination and conventional acupoint combination groups. The effects of the “Biao-Ben” acupoint combination were apparently superior to those of conventional acupoint combination in down-regulating the fecal water content, AWR score at 20, 40, 60 and 80 mm Hg, NE and CGRP contents, LF, LF/HF, and 5-HT expression and immunoactivity, and in increasing the number of squares crossed, and HF of HRV(P<0.01, P<0.05). HE staining showed no pathological changes in colonic mucosa in all groups. Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion stimulation of combined “Biao-Ben” acupoints can effectively improve the symptoms(spontaneous activities, visceral hypersensitivity) of IBS-D model rats, which may be related to its functions in regulating autonomic nervous activities, and down-regulating blood NE and CGRP contents and colonic 5-HT protein expression and immunoactivity, and the effects of “Biao-Ben” acupoint combination are superior to those of conventional acupoint combination.关键词：Predominant irritable bowel diarrhea;Acupuncture and moxibustion;“Biao-Ben” acupoint combination;Viscera hypersensitivity;Autonomic nervous function133|148|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture of “Tianshu”(ST25) at different depths on colonic transportation function, expressions of colonic substance P(SP) and interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) in rats with slow transit constipation(STC), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of STC.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into control, STC model, conventional acupuncture, deep needling group 1 and deep needling group 2 groups, with 10 rats in each group.The STC model was established by gavage of 1 mg/mL compound diphenoxylate suspension(10 mg/kg), once every other day for 21 days, and rats of the control group were given the same dose of distilled water by gavage.EA(2 Hz, 2 mA) was applied to “Tianshu”(ST25), with the acupuncture needle inserted to a depth of 3 mm for rats of the conventional acupuncture group, 4.5 mm for those of deep needling group 1, and 10 mm for those of the deep needling group 2. The acupuncture needle was twirled for 1 min, then retained for 15 min each time, once a day for 15 consecutive days.Following modeling, rats of the 4 groups and the control group received gavage of active carbon 2 mL(100 g/L) for observing the excretion time of the first black stool grain to assess the intestinal transit function. The colonic myoelectric activities(frequency and amplitude) were recorded by using BIOPAC multichannel physiograph. The immunoactivity of SP and c-kit(a transmembrane protein kinase for identification of ICC) of colonic musculature was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the control group, the time of excretion of the first black stool grain, and the amplitude of colonic electromyogram(EMG) were significantly increased(P<0.01), while the frequency of EMG, expressions of SP and c-kit(ICC) were significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01). In contrast to the model group, both deep needling group 1 and 2 had a decrease in the time of excretion of the first black stool grain, and amplitude of intestinal EMG, and an increase of frequency of intestinal EMG, and immunoactivity of SP and c-kit(P<0.01). The effect of deep needling 2 is superior to that of deep needling 1 in reducing the time of excretion of the first black stool grain(P<0.05), lowering the amplitude of EMG of the gut smooth muscle(P<0.05) and in increasing the frequency of EMG(P<0.05) and the expressions of SP and c-kit(P<0.05). No significant changes were found in the levels of frequency and amplitude of EMG, and expressions of SP and c-kit after routine needling in comparison with the model group(P>0.05), except the excretion time of the first black stool grain(P<0.05). Conclusion Deep needling at ST25 at depth of 4.5 mm and 10 mm, especially at depth of 10 mm, has a significant effect in promoting gut motility to ameliorate constipation in rats with STC, which may be related to its function in up-regulating the expressions of SP and ICC activity.关键词：Slow transit constipation;Deep needling;Tianshu(ST25);Substance P;Interstitial cells of Cajal120|190|1更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of heat-tonifying needling on Keap1-Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signal transduction pathway in knee synovium in rabbits with cold syndrome type rheumatoid arthritis(RA), so as to explore its mechanisms underl-ying improvement of RA. Methods New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal control, RA model, uniform reinforcing-reducing acupuncture, twisting reinforcing acupuncture and heat-tonifying acupuncture groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. The cold syndrome type RA model was established by subcutaneous injection of mixture fluid of ovalbumin and Freund's complete adjuvant at the shoulder-back as well as injection of mixture of ovalbumin and normal saline into knee-joint cavity combined with ice-compress freezing. Acupuncture stimulation(uniform reinforcing-reducing, or twisting reinforcing or heat-tonifying) was applied to bilateral “Zusanli”(ST36) for 1 min with the needle retained for 30 min, once a day for 7 consecutive days. The general conditions of rabbits in each group were recorded, the thermal pain threshold(TPT) and perimeter of knee joints was measured. Conditions of the synovium in the knee cavity, hydrops, blood flow signal, articular surface, and related muscles were observed by using a color Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and the blood flow signals inside the synovium(image scores) were divided into 0(no signals), I(1 or 2 dot-like signal), II(less than half) ad III(more than half). After H.E. staining, the pathological changes(0-3 points) were assessed according to the state of inflammatory cell infiltration, and hyperplasia of synovial matrix and coating cells. The expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1 and GSH-PX1 mRNAs in the knee synovium were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, and the expression of knee synovial HO-1 protein was measured by Western blot. Results In comparison with the normal control group, the model group had a significant increase in the perimeter, pathological score, expression of Nrf2, HO-1 mRNAs and HO-1 protein(P<0.05), and an obvious decrease in the TPT, expression levels of Keap1 and GSH-PX1 mRNAs(P<0.05). Relevant to the model group, all the three acupuncture maneuvers reversed modeling-induced increase of perimeter and pathological score(P<0.05), decrease of TPT and expression of GSH-PX1 mRNA(P<0.05), further down-regulated expression of Keap1 mRNA(P<0.05), further up-regulated the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 mRNAs and HO-1 protein(P<0.05). The heat-reinforcing manipulation was significantly superior to uniform reinforcing-reducing and twirling reinforcing manipulations in up-regulating TPT, and expression of Nrf2 mRNA, GSH-PX1 mRNA, HO-1 mRNA and protein(P<0.05), and in down-regulating pathological score and Keap1 mRNA expression(P<0.05). Conclusion Heat-tonifying, uniform reinforcing-reducing and twirling reinforcing needling manipulations may relieve pain and improve pathological state in RA rabbits, which may be associated with their functions in raising the ability of anti-oxidative stress by regulating Keap1-Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway, the therapeutic effect of heat-tonifying needling is superior to that of uniform reinforcing-reducing and twirling reinforcing needling.关键词：Rheumatoid arthritis;Heat-tonifying needling;Oxidative stress;Keap1-Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway140|188|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of acupotomy on the expressions of p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) in knee osteoarthritis(KOA) rabbits, so as to analyze whether acupotomy can treat KOA by inhibiting the cellular senescence of chondrocytes. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into normal, model, acupotomy and electroacupuncture(EA) groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. The KOA model was established by left hindlimb straightening fixation. After modeling, rabbits in the acupotomy group were treated with acupotomy loosening therapy on high stress points around the affected knee joints such as tendons attachment points of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris and pes anserine bursa, once a week for 3 weeks. In the EA group, “Xuehai”(SP10), “Liangqiu”(ST34),“Neixiyan”(EX-LE4) and “Waixiyan”(ST35) on the affected hindlimb were selected for EA treatment(3 mA, 2 Hz/100 Hz), 20 min each time, once every other day for 3 weeks. Before and after treatments, the knee Lequesne MG score and passive range of motion(PROM) of the affected knee joint were evaluated. After the treatments, the expressions of p16(Waf1/Cip1) in knee osteoarthritis(KOA) rabbits, so as to analyze whether acupotomy can treat KOA by inhibiting the cellular senescence of chondrocytes. Methods Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into normal, model, acupotomy and electroacupuncture(EA) groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. The KOA model was established by left hindlimb straightening fixation. After modeling, rabbits in the acupotomy group were treated with acupotomy loosening therapy on high stress points around the affected knee joints such as tendons attachment points of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris and pes anserine bursa, once a week for 3 weeks. In the EA group, “Xuehai”(SP10), “Liangqiu”(ST34),“Neixiyan”(EX-LE4) and “Waixiyan”(ST35) on the affected hindlimb were selected for EA treatment(3 mA, 2 Hz/100 Hz), 20 min each time, once every other day for 3 weeks. Before and after treatments, the knee Lequesne MG score and passive range of motion(PROM) of the affected knee joint were evaluated. After the treatments, the expressions of p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) in the cartilage tissue of the affected knee joint were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot respectively. Results Before and after treatment, compared with the normal group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly increased(P<0.01), the PROM was significantly decreased(P<0.01) in the model group. After treatment, compared with the normal group, the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Waf1/Cip1) in the cartilage tissue of the affected knee joint were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot respectively. Results Before and after treatment, compared with the normal group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly increased(P<0.01), the PROM was significantly decreased(P<0.01) in the model group. After treatment, compared with the normal group, the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group; compared with the model group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly decreased(P<0.01), the PROM was significantly increased(P<0.01), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Waf1/Cip1) were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group; compared with the model group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly decreased(P<0.01), the PROM was significantly increased(P<0.01), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05) in the acupo-tomy and EA groups; compared with the EA group, the Lequesne MG score was decreased(P<0.05), the PROM was increased(P<0.05), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Waf1/Cip1) were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05) in the acupo-tomy and EA groups; compared with the EA group, the Lequesne MG score was decreased(P<0.05), the PROM was increased(P<0.05), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01) in the acupotomy group. Conclusion Acupotomy intervention can down-regulate the expressions of cellular senescence markers p16(Waf1/Cip1) were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01) in the acupotomy group. Conclusion Acupotomy intervention can down-regulate the expressions of cellular senescence markers p16(Ink4a) and p21(Ink4a) and p21(Waf1/Cip1) in chondrocytes, indicating that acupotomy therapy may alleviate cartilage degeneration by inhibiting chondrocyte premature cellular senescence to treat KOA.关键词：Knee osteoarthritis;Acupotomy;Electroacupuncture;Articular cartilage;Chondrocytes cellular senescence;Senescence marker108|338|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effects of pre-electroacupuncture at “Taichong”(LR3), “Neiguan”(PC6) and “Waiguan”(TE5) on blood pressure and cardiac function of high-salt-induced hypertension rats, so as to explore the possible mechanism of pre-electroacupuncture in improving hypertension. Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into control group, high-salt group and pre-electroacupuncture group, with 8 rats in each group. The hypertension model was established by feeding high-salt diet for 7 weeks. In the pre-electroacupuncture group, rats received electroacupuncture intervention at bilate-ral LR3, PC6 and TE5(2 Hz/15 Hz, 2 mA) for 30 min, once a day, from the first day of modeling, for a total of 7 weeks. The blood pressure of rats was monitored by caudal artery noninvasive blood pressure measurement technique before and at the 1(st), 3(st), 3(rd), 5(rd), 5(th) and 7(th) and 7(th) week of modeling. At the 8(th) week of modeling. At the 8(th) week of the experiment, left ventricular catheterization was performed and biological signal acquisition system was used to detect left ventricular hemodynamics indexes and analyze left ventricular function, the car-diac mass ratio was measured to evaluate the degree of myocardial hypertrophy. The mRNA expressions of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP), myosin heavy chain 7(MYH7), α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), interleukin(IL)-1β, and IL-6 of myocardial tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Sirius red staining was used to observe the degree of myocardial fibrosis. Results Compared with the control group, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP), cardiac mass ratio, and the mRNA expressions of ANP, MYH7, α-SMA, IL-1β, and IL-6, and sirius red staining area of myocardium were all significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05),maximal rate of rise and descent of left ventricular pressure(LVP±dP/dt _(max)) were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01) in the high-salt group. Compared with the high-salt group, rats in the pre-electroacupuncture group had lower systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, LVEDP,cardiac mass ratio, higher LVP±dP/dt_(max),down-regulated mRNA expressions of ANP, MYH7, α-SMA, IL-1β, IL-6, and smaller area of sirius red staining(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Pre-electroacupuncture tends to lower blood pressure, improve cardiac function and reduce myocardial fibrosis in high-salt-induced hypertension rats, which may be associated with inhibiting inflammatory response.关键词：Pre-electroacupuncture;Hypertension;Cardiac function;Myocardial fibrosis;Inflammation110|13|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on neural function and spinal cord pathological morphology in spinal cord injury(SCI) mice and investigate the anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism of EA on SCI mice from the aspects of gene by using bioinformatics. Methods Seventy-two female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into sham operation, model and EA groups, with 24 mice in each group. The SCI model was established by clamping the spinal cord with a serrefine after laminectomy at the 1(st) lumbar vertebra(L1). EA(1.5 Hz/7.5 Hz, 1.0 mA) was applied to bilateral “Jiaji”(EX-B2) and “Zusanli”(ST36) for 10 min, once a day for 14 consecutive days. Basso Mouse Scale(BMS) score was used to assess the hindlimb locomotor function of mice. Histopathological changes of the injured area of the spinal cord were determined by HE staining. The spinal cord RNA was sequenced by using RNA-Seq technology. The bioinformatic analysis was then performed to detect the diffe-rential genes between groups, and the function classification and the involved pathways were enriched. The mRNA and protein expressions of differential genes were detected and verified by using qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the sham operation group, BMS score of the model group was significantly decreased(P<0.05), while that of EA group was increased relevant to the model group(P<0.05). HE staining showed loose and disordered structure and arrangement, cavitation, more inflammatory infiltration, nucleus pycnosis, and neuronal necrosis in the model group, which was alleviated in the EA group. Compared with the sham operation group, 565 differential genes were detected in the model group, including 545 up-regulated and 20 down-regulated, while 41 were detected between the EA and the model group, including 2 up-regulated and 39 down-regulated in the EA group. Fifteen genes that were all up-regulated after modeling and down-regulated after EA intervention were detected by using Venn plot, which are Retn, Adipoq, Myh1, Actn2, Pck1, Klhl41, Fabp4, Hspb7, Myot, Ankrd2, Hrc, Cox6a2, Obscn, Col2a1, Mybpc1, and 3 inflammation-related genes(Fabp4, Adipoq and Pck1) were finally acquired. The 15 differential genes were annotated into main biological processes, cell composition and molecular function in the GO function classification analysis. The 15 differential genes were then enriched into different KEGG pathways, including the peroxisome proliferatorsactivated receptor(PPAR) signaling pathway, Adipocytokine signaling pathway. The mRNA and protein expressions of Fabp4, Adipoq and Pck1 in spinal cord detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.001, P<0.01), while these were significantly decreased in the EA group relevant to the model group(P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion EA can promote the repair of nerve function and improve inflammatory infiltration in SCI mice. The mechanism may be closely related to the down-regulation of inflammatory factors Fabp4, Adipoq and Pck1 expression, and the regulation of PPAR and Adipocytokine signaling pathways.关键词：Spinal cord injury;Electroacupuncture;Transcriptome;Differential gene;Anti-inflammation125|386|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the expression of local macrophages and related cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) after catgut implantation in “Zusanli”(ST 36) in rats, so as to explore its underlying mechanisms in inducing therapeutic effect. Methods A total of 110 male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group(n=10), catgut embedding(CE) group(n=50), and sham CE group(n=50). The CE and sham CE groups were randomly divided into 8 h, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d subgroups after the intervention(n=10 in each time point group). Rats of the CE group were uniformly subjected into catgut embedding at ST36 once, and those of the sham CE group received embedding needle puncture at ST36 without catgut retention, and the blank control group was only grasped and fixed without other treatments. Tissues from the ST36 area in each group were collected at the corresponding time points, and the expression of CD68 in macrophages in the acupoint area was detected by immunofluorescence, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in the acupoint area were detected by ELISA. Results Following catgut embedment at ST36, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β, and macrophage CD68 expression level began to increase at 8 h, peaked at 3 d, and then gradually decreased at 7, 14, and 21 d, being still higher in the CE group than in the blank control group at 21 d(P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β, and macrophage CD68 expression were significantly increased at 8 h, and 3, 7, 14 and 21 d in the CE group(P<0.05). Following sham CE at ST36, the content of TNF-α at 8 h and 3 d, IL-1β at 8 h and 3, 7 and 14 d, and expression of CD68 at 8 h were significantly increased in comparison with the blank control group(P<0.05). Comparison between the CE and sham CE groups showed that the contents of IL-1β at 3, 7, 14 and 21 d, and contents of TNF-α,CD68 expression at 8 h, and 3, 7, 14 and 21 d were significantly higher in the CE group than in the sham CE group(P<0.05). Conclusion Catgut embedding at ST36 can induce an increase levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and macrophage CD68 in the local microenvironment in rats, which may contribute to its functions in initiating therapeutic effect.关键词：Catgut embedding;Initiating mechanism;Macrophages;Tumor necrosis factor-α;Interleukin-1β101|114|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the meridian-acupoint reactions of foot three yin meridians in primary dysmenorrhea(PD) and secondary dysmenorrhea(SD) patients, so as to summarize the rules of meridian-acupoint reaction and acupoints selection. Methods Thirty-five patients with PD(PD group), 34 patients with SD(SD group) and 35 healthy subjects(healthy group) were recruited. The compression method was used to examine the lower leg segment of the foot three yin meridians. Positive reactions(palpable skin changes, including cords, nodules, depressions) and tenderness of meridians and acupoints were recorded. The visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate the tenderness severity of acupoints. Results Compared with the healthy group, the probability of positive reactions and tenderness in foot three yin meridians were higher in PD and SD groups(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with the PD group, the probability of positive reactions in Spleen and Liver Meridians were higher in the SD group, with higher probability of tenderness in Liver Meridian(P<0.05). The probability of positive reactions and tenderness in the Spleen Meridian of PD and SD groups was significantly higher than that in the Kidney Meridian(P<0.01), while the probability of tenderness in the Spleen Meridian of the PD group was significantly higher than that in the Liver Meridian(P<0.05). Positive reactions and tenderness were concentrated at Yinlingquan(SP9), Diji(SP8) and Sanyinjiao(SP6) of Spleen Meridian and Xiguan(LR7) and Ligou(LR5) in Liver Meridian of PD and SD groups. In comparison with the PD group, the probability of positive reactions, tenderness and VAS score of SP8 and LR5 of the SD group were higher(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion The positive reaction occurs most frequently in the Spleen Meridian, followed by the Liver Meridian, and least frequently in the Kidney Meridian. The acupoints with positive reaction are different between PD and SD, which suggests that the Spleen Meridian acupoints should be the main acupoints when treating the two kinds of dysmenorrhea, and acupoints should also be selected according to the meridian and acupoint examination results.关键词：Secondary dysmenorrhea;Primary dysmenorrhea;Adenomyosis;Foot three yin meridians;Meridian and point examination136|203|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To observe the difference in the therapeutic effect on acute ankle sprain treated with the combination of surrounding needling and cold compression in comparison of the conventional cold compression. Methods The patients with acute ankle sprain were randomly divided into control group(33 cases) and observation group(35 cases). In the first 3 days of treatment, the conventional cold compression was used in the control group, while the surrounding needling technique of acupuncture was combined with cold compression in the observation group. Separately, along the distal-lateral side of the leg, and the lateral sides of the heel and the dorsal part of the foot, 3 or 4 needles were inserted in each part, total 9 to 12 needles, toward the center of swelling and pain site, and distributed in a fan shape. The needles were retained for 30 min and the acupuncture therapy was delivered once daily. Since the 4(th) day of treatment, the hot compress and the static stretching exercise of the ankle joint were adopted in the two groups, once daily for 1 week. The visual analogue scale(VAS) score for ankle pain and ankle swelling degree were compared between the two groups before and after 3-day treatment, as well as the score of American orthopedic foot and ankle society(AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale was evaluated. Results After 3-day treatment, VAS score was decreased in both groups(P<0.01), and the score in the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.01). Ankle swelling degree was relieved in both groups(P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. After 1 week of treatment, the scores of AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale were improved in both groups(P<0.01), and the score in the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Either the combined therapy of surrounding needling and cold compression or the conventional cold compression can effectively relieve pain and swelling induced by acute ankle sprain. The therapeutic effect of the combined therapy is superior to the conventional cold compression for the motor function improvement of ankle joint.关键词：Acute ankle sprain;Surrounding needling;Cold compression194|169|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury(SCI) is the main obstacle to the recovery of neural function. In the occurrence and development of SCI, the complex regulatory mechanisms are involved in inflammatory reaction, including the activation of inflammatory cells(e.g.macrophages and microglia), and the release of cytokines(e.g. tumor necrosis factor, interleukin and chemokines). Acupuncture-moxibustion is significantly effective in clinical treatment of SCI, and its mechanism is related to adjusting the function of inflammatory cells after SCI, modulating the expression of cytokines and the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, as well as the expression of high mobility group protein B1 and calcitonin gene related peptide. This article summarizes the research progress of mechanism of inflammatory reaction after SCI and the effects of acupuncture-moxibustion intervention in recent years so that the new ideas can be provided to clarify the pathogenesis of SCI and the effect of acupuncture-moxibustion intervention.关键词：Spinal cord injury;Acupuncture-moxibustion;Inflammatory reaction;Mechanism;Review125|508|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Wound is a common surgical disease characterized by skin defect or functional limitation. Studies have found that acupuncture-moxibustion plays an important role in wound healing. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms of acupuncture-moxibustion in promoting wound repair. Outcomes display that acupuncture-moxibustion has an action in promoting wound restoration by improving wound flow perfusion, promoting angiogenesis, increasing the number of fibroblasts and regulating collagen synthesis. In addition, acupuncture can effectively promote wound healing by controlling the release of inflammatory cytokines, up-regulating the expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β1, and affecting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase and advanced glycation end products/receptor for AGEs signaling pathways. Based on the above studies, it is highly recommended that future studies should pay more attention to the multi-mechanism coordinated regulation target center, and the therapeutic means and dose-effect relationship of acupuncture-moxibustion in tissue repair.关键词：Acupuncture-moxibustion;Wound healing;Mechanism165|246|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：The new progress has been made in the research of programmed cell death(e.g. autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis) for the pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke. As an important non-pharmacological therapy, acupuncture is widely used in stroke patients and has achieved favorable effect. The researches in recent years have shown that acupuncture plays its neuroprotective role on ischemic stroke by modulation of autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis of neurons. Acupuncture is effective in treatment of ischemic stroke by regulating programmed cell death.关键词：Ischemic stroke;Acupuncture;Programmed cell death;Autophagy;Apoptosis;Pyroptosis145|286|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：Objective To analyze the current status of animal experiments of acupuncture in intervening chronic fatigue syndrome, so as to search for methods to improve the quality of animal experiment reports. Methods From the databases, such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library, the literature of animal experiment on acupuncture treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome was searched from January 1(st), 2011 to April 2(st), 2011 to April 2(nd), 2022. Data were extracted according to the animal research reporting in vivo experiment(ARRIVE) guidelines 2.0 and gold standard publication checklist(GSPC), and statistical analysis was performed using Excel 2019. Results A total of 16 studies were finally included. The satis-faction rate of essential items in the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 is 41.76%,while the satisfaction rate of recommended items is only 27.73% and of the GSPC is 25.89%. Out of 16 studies, 13 of them explained the reasons for animal exclusion in the experiment, 8 provided specific randomized methods, 8 described detailed information on animal species, strains, and quantities, 3 basically indicated that they had passed ethical review, 7 explained the limitations of the research. All 16 studies reported the main findings and elucidated their potential clinical or scientific value. Conclusion Current animal studies on acupuncture in intervening the chronic fatigue syndrome are of certain limitation. Descriptions of multiple items are incomplete or missing, which prevents rea-ders from assessing reliability and authenticity of the animal experiment. It is recommended that in future research, experimental design, execution and report should be carried out according to the report guidelines for animal experiment to improve research quality.关键词：Acupuncture;Chronic fatigue syndrome;Animal experiment;ARRIVE-guideline;GSPC list125|299|1更新时间：2023-08-11
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