最新刊期
卷 49 ， 期 4 ， 2024
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe whether acupuncture up-regulates chemokine CXC ligand 1 （CXCL1） in the brain to play an analgesic role through CXCL1/chemokine CXC receptor 2 （CXCR2） signaling in adjuvant induced arthritis （AIA） rats， so as to reveal its neuro-immunological mechanism underlying improvement of AIA.MethodsBALB/c mice with relatively stable thermal pain reaction were subjected to planta injection of complete Freund adjuvant （CFA） for establishing AIA model， followed by dividing the AIA mice into simple AF750 （fluorochrome） and AF750+CXCL1 groups （n=2 in each group）. AF750 labeled CXCL1 recombinant protein was then injected into the mouse’s tail vein to induce elevation of CXCL1 level in blood for simulating the effect of acupuncture stimulation which has been demonstrated by our past study. In vivo small animal imaging technology was used to observe the AF750 and AF750+CXCL1-labelled target regions. After thermal pain screening， the Wistar rats with stable pain reaction were subjected to AIA modeling by injecting CFA into the rat’s right planta， then were randomized into model and manual acupuncture groups （n=12 in each group）. Other 12 rats that received planta injection of saline were used as the control group. Manual acupuncture （uniform reinforcing and reducing manipulations） was applied to bilateral “Zusanli” （ST36） for 4×2 min， with an interval of 5 min between every 2 min， once daily for 7 days. The thermal pain threshold was assessed by detecting the paw withdrawal latency （PWL） using a thermal pain detector. The contents of CXCL1 in the primary somatosensory cortex （S1）， medial prefrontal cortex， nucleus accumbens， amygdala， periaqueductal gray and rostroventromedial medulla regions were assayed by using ELISA， and the expression levels of CXCL1， CXCR2 and mu-opioid receptor （MOR） mRNA in the S1 region were detected using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The immune-fluorescence positive cellular rate of CXCL1 and CXCR2 in S1 region was observed after immunofluorescence stain. The immunofluorescence double-stain of CXCR2 and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） or neuron marker NeuN or MOR was used to determine whether there is a co-expression between them.ResultsIn AIA mice， results of in vivo experiments showed no obvious enrichment signal of AF750 or AF750+CXCL1 in any organ of the body， while in vitro experiments showed that there was a stronger fluorescence signal of CXCL1 recombinant protein in the brain. In rats， compared with the control group， the PWL from day 0 to day 7 was significantly decreased （P<0.01） and the expression of CXCR2 mRNA in the S1 region significantly increased in the model group （P<0.05）， while in comparison with the model group， the PWL from day 2 to day 7， CXCL1 content， CXCR2 mRNA expression and CXCR2 content， and MOR mRNA expression in the S1 region were significantly increased in the manual acupuncture group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Immunofluorescence stain showed that CXCR2 co-stained with NeuN and MOR in the S1 region， indicating that CXCR2 exists in neurons and MOR-positive neurons but not in GFAP positive astrocytes.ConclusionAcupuncture can increase the content of CXCL1 in S1 region， up-regulate CXCR2 on neurons in the S1 region and improve MOR expression in S1 region of AIA rats， which may contribute to its effect in alleviating inflammatory pain.关键词：Acupuncture analgesia;Adjuvant induced arthritis;Inflammatory pain;CXCL1/CXCR2;Primary somatosensory cortex （S1）;Opioid peptide receptor182|15|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo study the regularity of central response to thermal needle stimulation of “Zusanli” （ST36） at different temperature， and to analyze the temperature difference of central responses.MethodsSix male C57BL/6j adult mice were used in the present study. For observing activities of neurons in the hindlimb region of left primary somatosensory cortex （S1HL， A/P=0.46 mm，M/L=1.32 mm，D/V=-0.14 mm） by using a fast high-resolution miniature two-photon microscopy （FHIRM-TPM）， the mice were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane （inhalation）， with its head fixed in a stereotaxic apparatus， then， adeno-associated virus （AAV-hSyn-GCaMP6f-WPRE-hGHpA， for showing intracellular calcium transients in neurons transfected） was injected into the left S1HL region using a micro-syringe after scalp surgical operation. The mice’s right ST36 were stimulated using internal thermal needles with the temperature being 43 ℃， or 45 ℃， or 47 ℃， separately. Image J software and MATLAB 2020b software were used to process the image data of neuronal calcium activity （Ca2+ signaling） in the left S1HL region， including the instant maximum calcium peak value （ΔF/F） in 2 s， instant calcium spike frequency in 2 s， short-term calcium peak value （ΔF/F） in 3.5 min， short-term calcium spike frequency in 3.5 min， calcium peak duration in 3.5 min， maximum calcium peak value （ΔF/F） at the 1st ， 2nd and 3rd min， and calcium spike frequency at the 1st， 2nd and 3rd min after thermal needle stimulation.ResultsIn comparison with the normal temperature needle stimulation， the instant intracellular maximum calcium peak value， instant calcium spike frequency， short-term maximum calcium peak value， short-term calcium spike frequency， and calcium peak duration of S1HL neurons in response to 43 ℃， 45 ℃ and 47 ℃ internal thermal needle stimulation of ST36 were significantly increased （P<0.001， P<0.01）. Comparison among the 43 ℃， 45 ℃ and 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation showed that the 45 ℃ thermal needle stimulation was obviously superior to 43 ℃ and 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation in increasing instant calcium spike frequency， short-term calcium spike frequency and calcium peak duration of S1HL neurons （P<0.001， P<0.01）. The 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation was stronger than 43 ℃ and 45 ℃ thermal needle stimulation in increasing the instant maximum calcium peak value （P<0.001）. The maximum calcium peak value was apparently higher （P<0.001） at the 2nd min than that at the 1st and 3rd min after 43 ℃， 45 ℃ and 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation. No significant differences were found in the short-term maximum calcium peak value among the 3 thermal needle stimulation and in the calcium spike frequency among the 3 time points after 43 ℃， 45 ℃ and 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation.ConclusionS1HL neurons respond to all 43 ℃， 45 ℃ and 47 ℃ thermal needle stimulation of ST36 in mice， while more actively to 45 ℃ thermal needle stimulation.关键词：Primary somatosensory cortex;Thermal needle stimulation;Zusanli （ST36）;Neuron response;Two-photon technology65|3|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） on activation of silent information regulator 1 （Sirt1）/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α （PGC-1α）/mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM） pathway in type 2 diabetes （T2DM） rats with peripheral neuropathy （DPN） ， so as to explore its possible mechanisms underlying improvement of DPN.MethodsThirty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group （n=8） and DPN model group （n=22） which were further divided into model group （n=8） and EA group （n=8） after successful modeling. The model of T2DM was established by high-fat diet and low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin （35 mg/kg）. For rats of the EA group （anesthetized with isoflurane）， EA stimulation （2 Hz/15 Hz，2 mA） was applied to “Tianshu”（ST25） for 20 min， once daily， 6 times a week for 6 weeks. The blood glucose level， body weight， area under curve （AUC） of glucose tolerance test， and hind-paw mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold were observed. The intra-epidermal nerve fiber density （IENFD） of the hind-foot pad was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The motor nerve conduction velocity （MNCV） of the sciatic nerve was measured by using electrophysiological method. H.E. staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the sciatic nerve after modeling. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of the sciatic nerve. The protein expressions of energy-related Sirt1， PGC-1α and TFAM in the sciatic nerve was detected by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the blank control group， the model group had a higher blood glucose contents and AUC （P<0.001）， a slower MNCV （P<0.01）， and a decrease in the body weight and in the mechanical and thermal pain thresholds （P<0.001） and IENFD （P<0.001）， and in the expression levels of Sirt1， PGC-1α and TFAM （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In contrast to the model group， the EA group had a decrease in the blood glucose contents and AUC （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and an increase in mechanical and thermal pain thresholds， MNCV， IENFD， and expression levels of Sirt1， PGC-1α and TFAM proteins （P<0.01， P<0.05）. In addition， results of histopathological and ultrastructural changes of the sciatic nerve showed more fragmented and disordered distribution of axons on the transverse section， and extensive separation of myelin and axons， uneven myelin thickness， axonal degeneration and irregular shape in the model group， whereas in the EA group， the axons on the transverse section were relatively more dense and more complete， the myelin sheath of the sciatic nerve was relatively uniform， and the axonal shape was relatively regular with relatively milder lesions.ConclusionEA up-regulates the expressions of Sirt1， PGC-1α， TFAM in T2DM rats with DPN， which may be associated with its functions in improving and repairing the injured peripheral nerves in rats with DPN.关键词：Diabetic peripheral neuropathy;Electroacupuncture;Sirt1/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway121|14|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of electroacupuncture （EA） at “Fenglong” （ST40） and “Zusanli” （ST36） of different intensities and durations on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） based on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）-activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4）-C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） signaling pathway， so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of NAFLD.MethodsSD rats were randomly divided into normal diet group， high-fat model group， sham EA group， strong stimulation EA （SEA） group， and weak stimulation EA （WEA） group， with 15 rats in each group. Each group was further divided into 2， 3， and 4-week subgroups. NAFLD rat model was established by feeding a high-fat diet. After successful modeling， rats in the SEA and WEA groups received EA at bilateral ST40 and ST36 with dense and sparse waves （4 Hz/20 Hz） at current intensities of 4 mA （SEA group） and 2 mA （WEA group）， lasting for 20 minutes， once a day， 5 days a week with 2 days of rest. The sham EA group only had the EA apparatus connected without electricity. Different duration subgroups were intervened for 2， 3， and 4 weeks. After the intervention， the contents of serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in rats were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer； liver morphological changes were observed by Oil Red O staining； real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs and proteins in the rat liver tissue.ResultsIn the high-fat model group， there was a significant accumulation of red lipid droplets in the liver cells， which was reduced significantly in the SEA group at the 4th week. Compared with the normal diet group with the same treatment duration， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs and proteins in the liver tissue were elevated （P<0.01） in the high-fat model group . Compared with the high-fat model group with the same treatment duration， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， CHOP mRNAs and proteins in the liver tissue were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05） in the SEA and WEA groups. Compared with the sham EA group with the same treatment duration， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05） in the SEA and WEA groups， the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP proteins in the liver tissue was decreased （P<0.01） in the SEA group at the 2nd， 3rd， and 4th week， the expression of PERK and CHOP proteins at the 2nd， 3rd， 4th week and ATF4 protein at 2nd week in the liver tissue were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05） in the WEA group. Compared with the SEA group with the same treatment duration， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs and proteins in the liver tissue were elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the WEA group. Compared with the 2-week time point within the groups， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs and PERK proteins in the liver tissue were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05） in the SEA and WEA groups at 3rd and 4th week， the expression of ATF4 proteins in the liver tissue was decreased （P<0.01） in the SEA group at 3rd and 4th week， and the expression of CHOP proteins in the liver tissue was decreased （P<0.01） in the SEA group at 4th week and in the WEA group at 3rd and 4th week. Compared with the 3-week time point within the groups， the contents of serum ALT， AST， and the expression of PERK， ATF4， and CHOP mRNAs were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the SEA and WEA groups at 4th week， the expression of PERK and CHOP proteins in the liver tissue was decreased （P<0.01） in the SEA and WEA groups at 4th week， and the expression of ATF4 protein in the liver tissue was decreased （P<0.05） in the SEA group at 4th week.ConclusionEA at ST40 and ST36 can significantly improve liver function in NAFLD rats， and its mechanism of action may involve inhibiting PERK expression thereby targeting the downstream ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway to suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress， exerting a liver protective effect； the optimal effect was observed with EA intensity of 4 mA for 4 weeks.关键词：Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;Electroacupuncture;Endoplasmic reticulum stress;PERK/ATF4/CHOP Signaling pathway80|5|2更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） on Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming kinases （ROCK） signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with dysmenorrhea， so as to explore the underlying mechanism of EA treating primary dysmenorrhea （PD） and uterine smooth muscle spasm， and to observe whether there is a difference in the effect of meridian acupoints in Conception Vessel （CV） and Governer Vessel （GV）.MethodsSixty female SD rats were randomly divided into saline， model， CV， GV， and non-acupoint groups， with 12 rats in each group. The dysmenorrhea model was established by subcutaneous injection of estradiol diphenhydrate combined with intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin （OT）. EA （2 Hz） was applied to “Qihai” （CV6） and “Zhongji” （CV3） for CV group， “Mingmen” （GV4） and “Yaoshu” （GV2） for GV group， “non-acupoint 1” and “non-acupoint 3” on the left side for non-acupoint group， and manual acupuncture was applied to “Guanyuan” （CV4） for CV group， “Yaoyangguan” （GV3） for GV group， “non-acupoint 2” on the left side for non-acupoint group. The treatment was conducted for 20 min each time， once daily for 10 days. The writhing score was evaluated. The smooth myoelectric signals of rats’ uterus in vivo were recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder. The uterine histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The contents of prostaglandin F2α （PGF2α）， OT and calcium ion （Ca2+） in uterine tissue of rats were detected by ELISA. The protein and mRNA expression levels of smooth muscle 22-α （SM22-α）， RhoA and ROCKⅡ in uterine tissue were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR， respectively.ResultsCompared with the saline group， the writhing score of rats in the model group was increased （P<0.01）， the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle in vivo was elevated （P<0.01）， the contents of PGF2α， OT and Ca2+， the protein and mRNA expression of SM22-α， RhoA and ROCK Ⅱ in uterine tissue were all increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model and the non-acupoint groups， the writhing scores of the CV and the GV groups were decreased （P<0.01，P<0.05）， the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle was decreased （P<0.01）， the contents of PGF2α， OT and Ca2+ in uterine tissue were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05）， and the protein expression and mRNA expression of SM22-α， RhoA and ROCKⅡ in uterine tissue were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05）. HE staining showed extensive exfoliation of uterine intima with severe edema and increased glandular secretion in the model group， which was alleviated in the CV and GV groups.ConclusionEA at acupoints of CV and GV can significantly reduce the writhing score， uterine smooth muscle amplitude voltage， pathological injury degree of uterus， and relieve spasm of uterine smooth muscle in dysmenorrhea rats， which may be related to its effect in regulating PGF2α and OT contents， inhibiting the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway， and reducing the SM22-α， RhoA， ROCKⅡ protein and mRNA expression， and Ca2+ content in uterine tissue.关键词：Primary dysmenorrhea;Electroacupuncture;Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinases（ROCK） signaling pathway;Conception Vessel;Governor Vessel75|5|0更新时间：2024-04-19
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Effect of moxibustion on the SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling pathway in ApoE-/- mice with atherosclerosis AI导读
摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of moxibustion on blood lipid metabolism， pathological morphology of thoracic aorta， and the expression of silent information regulator 1 （SIRT1） and forkhead box transcription factor O3a （FOXO3a） in ApoE-/- atherosclerosis （AS） mice， so as to explore the potential mechanism of moxibustion in preventing and treating AS.MethodsTen C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet as the control group， and 30 ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet to establish the AS model， which were randomly divided into the model group， simvastatin group， and moxibustion group， with 10 mice in each group. From the first day of modeling， mice in the moxibustion group received mild moxibustion treatment at “Shenque”（CV8）， “Yinlingquan”（SP9）， bilateral “Neiguan”（PC6） and “Xuehai”（SP10） for 30 min per time； the mice in the simvastatin group were given simvastatin orally （2.5 mg·kg-1·d-1）， with both treatments given once daily， 5 times a week， with a total intervention period of 12 weeks. The body weight and general condition of the mice were observed and recorded during the intervention period. After the intervention， the contents of serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） were measured using an automated biochemistry analyzer. Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of the thoracic aorta. ELISA was used to measure the contents of serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity. Western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis were used to detect the expression levels of SIRT1 and FOXO3a protein and mRNA in the thoracic aorta.ResultsCompared with the control group， body weight at the 8th and 12th week， serum TC， TG， LDL-C， and ox-LDL contents of the model group mice were significantly increased（P<0.05， P<0.01）， while the HDL-C contents， SOD activity， and the expression levels of SIRT1 protein and mRNA in the thoracic aorta were significantly decreased（P<0.05， P<0.01）. HE staining showed thickening of the aortic intima， endothelial cell degeneration， swelling， and shedding. Compared with the model group， body weight at the 8th and 12th week， serum TC， TG， LDL-C， and ox-LDL contents of mice in the simvastatin group and moxibustion group were significantly decreased（P<0.01）， while the serum SOD activity， expression levels of SIRT1 protein and mRNA in the thoracic aorta were significantly increased（P<0.01）. The HDL-C contents were significantly increased in the simvastatin group（P<0.05）. The thoracic aortic structure was more intact in both groups， with a more regular lumen and orderly arrangement of the elastic membrane in the media， and a slight amount of endothelial cell degeneration and swelling in the intima. There was no significant difference in the evaluated indexes between the moxibustion group and the simvastatin group and the pathological changes in the thoracic aorta were similar between the two groups.ConclusionMoxibustion can reduce the body weight of AS model mice， regulate lipid levels， repair vascular intima， and alleviate endothelial damage. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling pathway to improve oxidative damage.关键词：Atherosclerosis;Mild moxibustion;Silent information regulator 1;Forkhead box transcription factor O3a81|9|0更新时间：2024-04-19 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects on tyrosine hydroxylase （TH）， α-synaptic nucleoprotein （α-syn）， sirtuin 3 （Sirt3）， NOD-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） and gasdermin-D （GSDMD） in the substantia nigra of midbrain after electroacupuncture （EA） at “Fengfu”（GV16）， “Taichong” （LR3） and “Zusanli” （ST36） in rats of Parkinson’s disease （PD）， so as to explore the mechanism of EA in treatment of PD.MethodsSD rats were randomly divided into control， model and EA groups， with 10 rats in each group. The PD model was established by injecting rotenone into the neck and back， lasting 28 days. In the EA group， EA was applied to GV16， LR3 and ST36， 30 min each time， once daily， consecutively for 28 days. The open-field test was adopted to detect the total distance of autonomic movement of rats， and the pole climbing test was used to detect the body coordination ability of rats. In the substania nigra of midbrain， the positive expression of TH was determined using immunohistochemistry， the mRNA expression levels of α - syn， Sirt3， NLRP3 and GSDMD were detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR， and the protein expression levels of NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain （ASC） and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase （Caspase）-1 were detected by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the control group， the total distance of autonomous movement was decreased （P<0.01） in the model group， and the score of pole climbing experiment was increased （P<0.01）； in the midbrain substantia nigra the positive expression of TH was decreased （P<0.01）； the mRNA expression level of Sirt3 was decreased （P<0.01）， and those of α-syn， NLRP3 and GSDMD were increased （P<0.01）； while the protein expression levels of NLRP3， ASC and Caspase-1 were increased （P<0.01）. When compared with the model group， the total distance of autonomous movement in open field experiment was increased （P<0.01） in the EA group and the score of pole climbing experiment was lower （P<0.05）； in the midbrain substantia nigra the positive expression of TH was increased （P<0.01）； the mRNA expression level of Sirt3 in the midbrain substantia nigra was increased （P<0.01）， and those of α-syn， NLRP3 and GSDMD were reduced （P<0.01）； while the protein expression levels of NLRP3， ASC and Caspase-1 decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05）.ConclusionEA at “GV16” “LR3” and “ST36” can repair the neuronal injury， clear the abnormal accumulation of α-syn in the substania nigra of midbrain， and ameliorate mitochondrial damage in PD rats， which may be obtained by regulating Sirt3/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling pathway， so as to delay the occurrence and development of Parkinson’s disease.关键词：Parkinson’s disease;Electroacupuncture;Sirtuin 3;Nod-like receptor 3;Gasdermin-D73|5|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） at “Baihui” （GV20） and “Shenting” （GV24） on the rats’ behavior and the transforming precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （proBDNF） into mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor （mBDNF） in the hippocampus of rats with learning and memory impairment induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion （IR）， so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of learning and memory ability.MethodsSD rats were randomly divided into blank， sham operation， model， and EA groups， with 6 rats in each group. The model of IR was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. EA （1 Hz/20 Hz） was applied to GV24 and GV20 for 30 min， once daily for 14 days. The neurological function was evaluated according to the Zea Longa’s score criteria 24 h after modeling and after intervention. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory function of the rats. TTC staining was used to evaluate the cerebral infarction volume on the affected side. The protein expression levels of proBDNF， mBDNF， tissue plasminogen activator （tPA）， tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB） and p75 neurotrophin receptor （p75NTR） in hippocampal tissue were detected by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the neurological function score， the percentage of cerebral infarction volume and the expression levels of proBDNF and p75NTR protein in hippocampus were increased （P<0.01）， while the times of crossing the original platform and the total distance in the target quadrant， the expression levels of mBDNF， TrkB and tPA protein and the ratio of mBDNF/proBDNF were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05） in the model group. Compared with the model group， the neurological function score， the percentage of cerebral infarction volume， and the expression levels of proBDNF and p75NTR protein in hippocampus were decreased （P<0.01， P<0.05）， while the times of crossing the original platform， the total distance in the target quadrant， and the expression levels of mBDNF， TrkB and tPA protein and the ratio of mBDNF/proBDNF were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the EA group.ConclusionEA can alleviate learning and memory impairment in IR rats， which may be related to its function in up-regulating the expression of tPA protein and promoting the transformation of proBDNF to mBDNF， thus improving the synaptic plasticity.关键词：Cerebral ischemic-reperfusion;Learning and memory impairment;Electroacupuncture;Brain-derived neurotrophic factor;Synaptic plasticity61|7|1更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo compare the clinical effect of combined therapy of acupotomy and electroacupuncture （EA） with the simple application of EA on knee osteoarthritis （KOA）， and their influence on knee function.MethodsSixty-eight KOA patients were randomly divided into 2 groups， an acupotomy group and an EA group. In the acupotomy group， the combined therapy of acupotomy and EA was adopted. In the EA group， EA was simply used， delivered once every two days， 3 treatments a week； and the duration of treatment was 4 weeks. In the acupotomy group， besides the treatment as the EA group， acupotomy was combined once weekly， and the duration of treatment was 4 weeks. Separately， before and after treatment， and in 4 and 12 weeks after treatment completion （1-month and 3-month follow-up）， the results of the timed up and go test （TUG）， the 9-step stair climb test （9-SCT） and the knee function （Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index visualization scale ［WOMAC］） were measured in the two groups.ResultsBy the intention-to-treat analysis， the results of TUG， 9-SCT and WOMAC scores were reduced after treatment and in 1-month and 3-month follow-up when compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups （P<0.05）. Compared with the EA group at the same time point， TUG results were decreased after treatment and in 1-month follow-up， and WOMAC score was reduced after treatment in the acupotomy group. WOMAC score in 1-month follow-up was reduced when compared with that before treatment within the acupotomy group （P<0.05）.ConclusionEither the simple application of EA or the combined therapy of acupotomy and EA can improve knee function， but the combined therapy obviously increases the walking speed and relieves the symptoms such as joint pain and morning stiffness. The treatment with acupotomy and EA is safe and effective on KOA and the long-term effect is satisfactory.关键词：Knee osteoarthritis;Acupotomy;Electroacupuncture;Clinical effect;Joint function116|11|1更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：Under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory， the clinical research of auricular acupoint stimulation in the treatment of migraine has gained a lot， and the curative efficacy is definite， but its mechanism remains unclear. In the present paper， we discussed the efficacy of auricular acupoint stimulation including “transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation” （taVNS） in the treatment of migraine in recent years. Through bibliometric analysis， we screened out top 10 auricular acupoints （Shenmen［TF4］， Pizhixia［AT4］， Jiaogan［AH6a］， Gan［CO12］， Yidan［CO11］， Neifenmi［CO18］， Shen［CO10］， Nie［AT2］， Zhen［AT3］ and E［AT1］） which were the most frequently used for migraine. Majority of these auricular acupoints just distributed in the region innervated by auricular vagus nerve. Thus， we thought that the analgesic effect of needling these auricular acupoints for migraine was produced by triggering the auricular vagus nerve， and concluded that the central mechanism underlying induction of analgesic effect by activating auricular vagus nerve may be achieved by activating the descending pain regulation pathway of the locus coeruleus nucleus and dorsal raphe nucleus. In addition， taVNS-induced 1） regulation of the activities of brain’s default network and pain matrix， 2） activation of the cortical descending pain regulation pathway， and 3） inhibition of the neuroinflammatory response may also contribute to its ameliorating effect of migraine. This paper may provide ideas for the future research on the mechanism of auricular acupoint treatment of migraine.关键词：Auricular acupoints;Migraine;Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation （taVNS）;Central mechanism185|13|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：Hypertension is a global problem threatening human health and life. Although there are many antihypertensive drugs， the low compliance of medication affects its efficacy， and the effect in regulating hypertension has become increasingly prominent. Focusing on the new trend of proactive healthcare management， in the present paper， we made a summary about the status and existing problems of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation （TEAS） in the regulation of blood pressure， and put forward some suggestions， such as selecting acupoints based on classical acupuncture theory to highlight the advantages of TEAS to control blood pressure as a whole， optimizing and screening the parameters of TEAS in the regulation of blood pressure， expanding the research observation indexes etc. We also made a prospect about its future application， hoping to provide new ideas for the proactive regulation， whole-process regulation and integrated regulation of blood pressure.关键词：Hypertension;Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation;Acupuncture;Proactive healthcare management;Prospect72|12|0更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of core points in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for epilepsy by using data mining technique， so as to provide a reference for clinical practice and experimental research.MethodsThe data comes from relevant documents collected from CNKI， Wanfang， SinoMed， VIP， PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， EBSCO， Web of Science databases. The selected acupoints were analyzed in descriptive statistics， high-frequency acupoints group and core acupoint prescription. Further， potential target mining， “core acupoint prescription-target-epilepsy” network construction， protein-protein interactions （PPI） network establishment and core target extraction， gene ontology （GO） and KEGG gene enrichment analysis of the core acupoint prescription were carried out to predict its anti-epileptic potential mechanism.ResultsA total of 122 acupoint prescriptions were included. The core acupoint prescriptions were Baihui （GV20）， Hegu （LI4）， Neiguan （PC6）， Shuigou （GV26） and Taichong （LR3）. 277 potential targets were identified， among which 134 were shared with epilepsy. The core targets were extracted by PPI network topology analysis， including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， interleukin （IL）-6， protein kinase B1， c-Jun N-terminal kinase， brain-derived neurotrophic factor， tumor protein 53， vascular endothelial growth factor A， Caspase-3， epidermal growth factor receptor， etc. The main anti-epileptic pathways of the core acupoints were predicted by KEGG enrichment， including lipid and atherosclerosis， neurodegeneration， phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein B kinase signaling pathway， mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway， cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway， TNF signaling pathway， IL-17 signaling pathway， hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathway， apoptosis， etc.， involving neuronal death， synaptic plasticity， oxidative stress， inflammation and other related biological process.ConclusionThe core acupoint prescription of acupuncture and moxibustion intervention for epilepsy can act on multiple targets and multiple pathways to exert anti-epileptic effects， which can provide a theoretical basis for further clinical application and mechanism research.关键词：Acupuncture and moxibustion;Epilepsy;Data mining;Network acupuncture;Mechanism prediction74|5|2更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） with acupuncture and moxibustion by using data mining technology.MethodsThe clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment of MAFLD was collected from PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， China National Knowledge Infrastructure， Wanfang Database， VIP Database and China Biology Medicine from their inception to November 20， 2022. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria， the literature was independently screened and re-screened by two research members， and the screened results were checked， followed by establishing an acupoint prescription database using Excel 2019. Descriptive statistics of acupoints applied frequency， involved meridians， locations and specific acupoints were perpormed. Then， SPSS Modeler18.0 software was used to conduct analysis about association rules， and the SPSS Statistics 26.0 software was used to perform cluster analysis on high-frequency acupoints， exploring the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection and combination in the treatment of MAFLD.ResultsTotally， 178 papers were collected， containing 130 acupoints， with a total application frequency of 1 305. The top five acupoints are Zusanli （ST36）， Fenglong （ST40）， Ganshu （BL18）， Taichong （LR3） and Sanyinjiao （SP6）. The commonly involved meridians are the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming， Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang， and Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin. The employed acupoints are mostly located in the lower limbs and abdomen， and the five Shu acupoints and crossing acupoints are in the majority. The association rule analysis of high frequency acupoints indicated that of the 16 qualified acupoint groups， the top 5 with close correlation degrees are ST36 and ST40， ST36 and LR3， ST36 and SP6， ST40 and LR3 and ST36， ST36 and SP6 and ST40. Further， 3 effective clusters were obtained by cluster analysis.ConclusionAcupuncture and moxibustion treatment of MAFLD follows the therapeutic principles of soothing the liver， invigorating the spleen， tonifying the kidney， and resolving phlegm and removing dampness. The core acupoint group is ST36， ST40 and LR3， and the combination of acupoints is based on syndrome differentiation. These results may provide a useful reference for clinical practice.关键词：Acupuncture and moxibustion;Metabolic associated fatty liver disease;Acupoint selection rules;Data mining73|1|1更新时间：2024-04-19
- 摘要：There are the differences in the location of some acupoints between textbooks Meridians and Acupoints and Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Both of the textbooks are in the category of the “14th Five-Year Plan”. The differences in acupoint location have brought some confusion for students， full-time teachers and researchers in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In the paper， based on GB/T 12346—2021： Nomenclature and Location of Meridian Points， published in 2021， and in reference with GB/T 12346—2006： Nomenclature and Location of Acupuncture Points， published in 2006， the discrepancy in the acupoint location was systematically collated in the aspects of the expression style and layout， text expression and potential difference of location between these two textbooks， published by China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine， People’s Medical Publishing House and China Science Publishing. Based on the historical evolution and the academic controversy of acupoint positioning， the reasons of the differences in acupoint location were analyzed， the potential influences on the teaching， examination， competition and research of Chinese medicine acupuncture were explored， and the suggestions for solution were proposed.关键词：Meridians and Acupoints;Acupuncture and Moxibustion;Location of meridian point76|4|0更新时间：2024-04-19
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