هدفت الدراسة إلى استكشاف تأثير التحفيز الكهربائي لنقاط الضغط الجلدية (TEAS) على الجهاز العصبي الذاتي لدى المرضى المسنين الذين يعانون من الضعف بعد جراحة سرطان القولون والمستقيم تحت التخدير الكامل. Methods selected 78 elderly frail patients scheduled for laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, divided randomly into control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped) and TEAS group (39 cases, 2 cases dropped). Patients in TEAS group were treated with TEAS at bilateral Neiguan and Jianshi for 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia until the end of the surgery; Patients in control group were connected with electronic acupuncture needles at bilateral Neiguan and Jianshi but did not receive electrical stimulation. Short-term dynamic electrocardiogram was connected to collect frequency domain indicators of HRV: low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF) and LF/HF ratio. ELISA method was used to detect serum CRP (C-reactive protein) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. The Recovery Quality of Life Scale-15 (Qor-15) was recorded after surgery, and adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, palpitations, chest tightness and chest pain were recorded. Results Compared with preoperative day 1, LF and HF in control group significantly decreased on postoperative day 1, 2 and 3 (P<0.05), while LF/HF significantly increased (P<0.05); LF and LF/HF in TEAS group significantly decreased on postoperative day 1, 2 and 3 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, LF, HF in TEAS group significantly increased on postoperative day 1, 2 and 3 (P<0.05), and LF/HF significantly decreased (P<0.05). CRP and IL-6 levels in both groups were higher on postoperative day 1, 3, and 5 compared with preoperative day 1 (P<0.05), and levels were lower in TEAS group compared with control group (P<0.05). Qor-15 scores in both groups were lower on postoperative day 1, 2, and 3 compared with preoperative day 1 (P<0.05), and Qor-15 scores in TEAS group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, palpitations, and chest tightness in TEAS group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion TEAS at Neiguan and Jianshi can regulate postoperative autonomic nerve function in elderly frail patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, reduce early postoperative sympathetic nervous excitement, maintain parasympathetic nervous tension, alleviate systemic inflammatory response, improve postoperative recovery quality, and reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation; elderly; frail; autonomic nervous system; heart rate variability