摘要:Objective To observe the effect of elongated-needle penetration(ENP)stimulation of"Zhibian"(BL 54),"Shuidao"(ST 28),"Qihai"(CV 6)and"Zhongji"(CV 3)on spinal nerve cell apoptosis and cellular signal transduction in spinal cord injury rabbits,so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of spinal injury.Methods A total of 80 adult Newzealand rabbits were randomized to control,model,ENP,ENP+LY 294002(PI3Kantagonist),ENP+PD 98059(MEK antagonist)groups,with 16 rabbits in each group.The spinal cord injury model was established by using modified Allen's method(Gravitydrop device).Elongated-needle penetration was applied to bilateral BL 54,ST 28,CV 3and CV 6,once daily for 3times.For rabbits of the ENP+LY 294002 and ENP+PD 98059 groups,LY 294002(10μg,20μL),PD 98059(3μg,20μL)were separately given by intrathecal injection.Pathomorphological changes of the injured spinal cord(T13-L1)were observed after H.E.stain.Spinal cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL,and phosphorylated(p)-Akt and p-ERK1/2immunoactivity was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression levels of p-Akt,p-ERK1/2,cytochrome C(Cyt C)and Caspase-3proteins were determined by Western blot(WB),and serum TNF-αcontent was assayed by ELISA.Results H.E.staining showed apparent structural changes as hemmorrhage,inflammatory cell infiltration,cellular edema and necrosis,and formation of vacuolation in the spinal cord in the model group,which was marked milder in the ENP group.TUNEL assay showed that the rate of apoptotic cells was notably increased in the model group than in the control group(P<0.05),obviously decreased in the ENP group when compared with the model group(P<0.05).Immunohistochemistry,WB and ELISA results showed that compared with the control group,spinal p-Akt and p-ERK1/2protein expression levels in the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and Cyt C and Caspase-3expression levels and serum TNF-αcontent were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression levels of p-Akt,p-ERK1/2were significantly increased in the ENP group(P<0.05),while Cyt C and Caspase-3expression levels and TNF-αcontent were significantly down-regulated in the ENP group(P<0.05).After intrathecal injection of PI3 Kand MEK antagonists,the effects of ENP were significantly weakened in reducing apoptosis rate,upregulating p-Akt and p-ERK1/2 expression and in down-regulating Cyt C and Caspase-3 expression and TNF-α content(P<0.05),suggesting important roles of ERK1/2mediated extracellular and PI3K/Akt mediated intracellular apoptotic signal transduction pathways in ENP induced repair of the traumatic tissues.Conclusion ENP stimulation can decrease spinal injury and cell apoptosis in spinal injury rabbits,which may be closely related to its effects in up-regulating p-Akt and p-ERK1/2and down-regulating Cyt C and Caspase-3expression levels in the spinal cord and serum TNF-αcontent.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture intervention on expression of glucose-regulated protein 78(Grp 78)and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)in the hippocampus in epilepsy rats so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of hyperspasmia-induced brain injury.Methods Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(n=6),model group(n=18),and acupuncture group(n=18).The epileptic seizure model was established by intraperitonel injection of Pentylenetetrazol(50mg/kg,2mL).Manual acupuncture stimulation of"Baihui"(GV 20)and "Dazhui"(GV 14)was conducted for rats of the acupuncture group for 30 min.Two hours(h),12 hand 48hafter acupuncture intervention,the hippocampal tissue was sampled(6rats at each time-point).The expression levels of Grp 78 and CHOP proteins in the hippocampal CA 1region were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the normal group,the expression levels of Grp 78 protein at time-points of 2hand 12 h,and those of CHOP protein at 2h,12 hand 48hafter epilpeptic seizure were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01).After acupuncture treatment,the expression levels of Grp 78 at 12and 48 h were significantly increased,and those of CHOP protein at 2h,12 hand 24hin the acupuncture group were considerably downregulated(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Acupuncture treatment can up-regulate Grp 78 protein expression and down-regulate CHOP protein expression level in epilepsy rats,which may contribute to its protective effect on seizure-induced brain injury.
关键词:Epilepsy seizure;Acupuncture intervention;Hippocampal CA 1region;Glucose-regulated protein 78(Grp 78);C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP);Brain injury
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)therapy on the intraneuronal Aβ1-42 and dysfunction of autophagy pathway,so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of Alzheimer's disease(AD).MethodsAPP 695V717 Itransgenic female mice were randomly divided into model group(n=6)and EA group(n=6);and C 57BL/6mice were used as the control group(n=6).After 3months' treatment by EA therapy at"Baihui"(GV 20)and"Yongquan"(KI 1)(15min,once every other day,2Hz/100 Hz,1-2mA),the expression level of Aβ1-42 of the striate cortex was detected by immunohistochemistry.TUNEL staining was used to detect the degree of apoptosis of the striate cortex,and ultrastructural changes of autophagosome in the cortex were observed using electron microscope.Results In comparison with the control group,Aβ1-42 expression level and the apoptotic neurons in the striate cortex were significantly up-regulated in the model group(P<0.01).Following EA intervention for 3months,the Aβ1-42 expression level and the number of apoptotic neurons were significantly decreased in the EA group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Accordingly,transgenic induced dark degenerated neurons exhibiting irregular body deformation,analosis,and abundant secondary lysosomes and autophagosomes were reduced in the EA group.Conclusion EA intervention can effectively down-regulate Aβ1-42 expression and number of the apoptotic neurons in the striate cortex in APP transgenic model mice,which may contribute to its effect in improving pathological changes of ultrastructure of neurons.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture stimulation of"Dazhui"(GV 14),bilateral"Fengmen"(BL 12)and"Feishu"(BL 13)on the thickness of the bronchial tubal wall and smooth muscle and expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in asthma rats so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of asthma.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly assigned to control,model,acupuncture and medication groups.The asthma model was induced by subcutaneous injection of 1%egg albumin solution and forced inhalation of atomized ovalbumin.Rats of the acupuncture group were treated by acupuncture stimulation of GV 14,bilateral BL 12 and BL 13(once daily for 10days),and rats of the medication group treated by intraperitoneal injection of Aminophylline Injection(100mg/kg,once daily for 10days).The thickness of the bronchial tubal wall and airway smooth muscle of the lung tissue were measured by image analyzer for assessing the degree of airway remodeling.The expression of TGF-β1in the small airway was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared to the control group,the thickness of the airway wall and smooth muscle,and the expression level of TGF-β1were remarkably increased in the model group(P<0.01).After acupuncture intervention and medication treatment,the thickness of the airway wall and smooth muscle,and the expression level of TGF-β1were remarkably down-regulated in both groups in comparison with those of the model group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of TGF-β1in the acupuncture group was obviously lower than that of the medication group(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture stimulation of GV 14,bilateral BL 12 and BL 13 can down-regulate bronchial asthma-induced increase of TGF-β1expression in the lung tissue in asthma rats,which may contribute to its effect in improving airway remodeling.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of"Fenglong"(ST 40)on celiac inflammatory factors in rats with hyperlipemia(HLP),so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improvement of HLP.MethodsA total of 40 SD rats were randomized into normal control,high fat forage,high fat+common forage,high fat+EA,and high fat+common forage+EA groups,with 8rats in each group.The HLP model was established by feeding the animals with high fat forage for 28 days.EA(2mA,2Hz/100Hz)was applied to bilateral ST 40 for 30min,once daily for 28 days.Contents of plasma total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC)were detected by using an automatic biochemistry analyzer.Intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1),and interleukin-1γ(IL-1γ)in macrophages of the abdominal cavity were detected using flow cytometry(FCM).Results Compared with the normal control group,the contents of plasma TC and LDL-C,and celiac macrophages' MCP-1,ICAM-1and IL-1γcontents were significantly increased in the high fat forage group and high fat+common forage group(P<0.01).In comparison with the high fat forage group,contents of plasma TC and LDL-C,and macrophages' MCP-1,ICAM-1and IL-1γwere considerably down-regulated in the high fat+EA group(P<0.01).Similarly,the levels of plasma TC and LDLC,and macrophages' MCP-1,ICAM-1and IL-1γwere obviously lower in the high fat+ common forage+EA group than in the high fat+common forage group(P<0.01).No significant differences were found in plasma TG and HDL-C levels among the five groups(P>0.05).Conclusion EA stimulation of"Fenglong"(ST 40)has a role in down-regulating contents of plasma TC and LDL-C and celiac macrophages' MCP-1,ICAM-1and IL-1γin the abdominal cavity in hyperlipemia rats,which may contribute to its effect in improving hyperlipemia.
关键词:Hyperlipemia;Electroacupuncture intervention;Celiac macrophages;Intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1);Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1);Interleukin-1γ(IL-1γ)
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation(EAS)of back-shu acupoints on expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and lipid peroxidase reaction in the liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)rats.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group(n=11),model group(n=10),EAS group(n=10)and medication group(n=10).The NAFLD model was established by feeding the animals with high fat diet for 8weeks.EAS was applied to bilateral"Pishu"(BL 20),"Geshu"(BL 17)and"Shenshu"(BL 23)for 20 min,once daily for 4weeks.Rats of the medication group were treated by 1% Dongbao Gantai suspension(0.28g/kg,20mL/kg)once daily for 4weeks.Pathological changes of the liver tissue were observed by microscope after H.E.staining.Hepatic free fatty acid(FFA)content was assayed by using an automatic biochemistry analyzer,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were detected by penthiobarbituric acid colorimetric method and xanthine oxidase colorimetric method,respectively.The expression of liver TNF-αwas detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the normal group,rats of the model group showed a moderate to severe fatty degeneration of liver cells,significant up-regulation of hepatic TNF-αexpression,FFA and MDA contents(P<0.01),and marked down-regulation of SOD activity(P<0.01).Following 4weeks' treatment,compared with the model group,liver fatty degeneration was reduced at different degrees in both EAS and medication groups;liver FFA and MDA contents and TNF-αexpression were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01,P<0.05),and hepatic SOD activity was notably increased(P<0.01,P<0.05)in both EAS and medication groups,suggesting a reduction of hepatic lipid peroxidation.No significant differences between the EAS and medication groups in the liver FFA and MDA contents,SOD activity and TNF-αexpression(P>0.05).Conclusion EA intervention can improve liver fatty degeneration,inhibit high fat induced up-regulation of hepatic TNF-αexpression,FFA and MDA contents and down-regulation of SOD activity in non-alcohol fatty liver model rats,which may contribute to its effect in improving NAFLD.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of"Feishu"(BL13)on lung pathological changes,and levels of pulmonary and serum IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αin viral pneumonia mice,so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of viral pneumonia.Methods Fifty Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control,model,medication,EA and moxibustion groups,with 10 mice in each group.The viral pneumonia model was established by intra-nose drip of influenza A1 virus FM1(H1N1).Rats of the EA group were treated by EA stimulation of bilateral BL13,those of the moxibustion group treated by ignited moxa-stick,and those of the medication group treated by intraperitoneal injection of Yanhuning injection(10mg·Kg-1·d-1,solved in 5%glucose solution,5mL/time/mouse,once daily for 1week).Both EA and moxibustion treatments were conducted for 20 min,twice a day for a week.The lung index[lung weight/body weight×100%]were calculated after the treatment.Pathological changes of the lung were observed under microscope after H.E.staining,and serum and pulmonary IL-10,TNF-αlevels were detected using solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Following modeling,the average lung index,serum TNF-α,and pulmonary TNF-αand IL-10 levels were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05),while after the treatment,the average lung index and serum TNF-αand pulmonary IL-10 levels in the EA,moxibustion and medication groups were notably down-regulated(P<0.05,P<0.01),and serum IL-10 contents of the three treatment groups were obviously up-regulated(P<0.01).The effect of the EA group was apparently superior to that of the medication group in down-regulating lung index(P<0.05).No significant differences were found among the three treatment groups in the levels of serum TNF-αand IL-10,and pulmonary TNF-αand IL-10(P>0.05).In addition,results of H.E.stain showed that the treatment of medication,moxibustion and EA might reduce H1N1-induced pulmonary pathological changes.Conclusion EA stimulation of"Feishu"(BL13)can down-regulate lung index and serum TNF-αand up-regulate serum IL-10 level in viral pneumonia mice,which may contribute to its effect in relieving asthma.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture intervention on gastrointestinal motility and liver pathologic changes in cirrhotic rats so as to reveal its underlying mechanisms in improving cirrhosis.Methods Cirrhotic model was established by subcutaneous injection of CCL 4-olive oil(3-5mL/kg),and intake of high fat diet mixed with 15% ethanol aqueous.Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control,model,acupuncture and medication groups(n=10in each group).For rats of the acupuncture group,EA was applied to bilateral"Zusanli"(ST 36),"Sanyinjiao"(SP 6)and"Taichong"(LR 3)for 15 min,once daily for 14 days.Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of Domperidone liquid(100mg/100 mL,0.6mL/100g)once daily for 14 days.The food-intake state,propulsive rate of small intestine,liver index,portal vein diameter were recorded or measured,and the liver pathological changes were observed under microscope after H.E.and reticular fibers staining.Results In the model group,the food-intake amount and propulsive rate of small intestine were significantly reduced(P<0.05),the liver index and portal vein diameter were considerably increased(P<0.05)when compared with those of the control group.While in comparison with the model group,the food-intake amount and propulsive rate of the small intestine were apparently increased in both acupuncture and medication groups(P<0.05),while the liver index and portal vein diameter were obviously down-regulated in the acupuncture group(P<0.05),not in the medication group(P>0.05).H.E.and reticular fibers stain showed that CCL 4-induced changes of the liver tissue such as cirrhosis,fibroplasias,pseudo-lobulation,fibroplasias,diffusive inflammatory cell infiltration,etc.were relatively milder in the acupuncture group,rather than in the medication group.Conclusion Electroacupuncture therapy has a positive effect in improving gastrointestinal motility and may be favorable to relieve hepatic pathological changes in liver cirrhosis rats.
摘要:Objective To observe the changes of expression of OX-42 and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)transporter factor in the hippocampus and amygdale in diabetes and cerebral ischemia(CI)rats with learning and memory impairment after combined treatment with electroacupuncture(EA)plus Jasminaidia,so as to explore their mechanism underlying cerebral protection.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control,model,medication,EA,and EA+medication groups(12rats/group).The diabetes mellitus model was established by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin(60mg/kg,for 3days)and the CI model made by repeated occlusion and reperfusion of the bilateral carotid arteries.The rats' lear-ning-memory ability was measured via Morris water maze tasks.Rats of the medication group were fed with Jasminaidia(25mg/kg),once a day for one week,and those of the EA group administrated with EA stimulation of"Baihui"(GV 20)and"Dazhui"(GV 14),once every other day for 20 days.For rats of the EA+medication group,both EA and Jasminaidia were given the same to those mentioned above.Three weeks later,changes in the number and optical density of OX-42(microglial cell mar-kers)-positive and NF-κB-positive cells in the hippocampus and amygdale were examined by immunohistochemistry.Results After the treatment,the diabetes+CI induced decrease of percentages of swimming distance and swimming time in the target quadrant were obviously increased in the EA,medication and EA+medication groups(P<0.05),suggesting an improvement of the rats' memory ability.The number of OX-42 positive microglial cells and NF-κB-positive cells and their immunoactivity in the hippocampus and amygdale were significantly higher in the diabetes plus CI model rats than in the control rats(P<0.01,P<0.05).After the treatment,the number and expression levels of OX-42 marked microgliacytes and NF-κB-positive cells were significantly decreased in the EA,medication and EA+medication groups compared with the model group(P<0.05).No significant differences were found among the 3treatment groups in the number of OX-42-and NF-κB-positive cells and their expression levels(P>0.05).Conclusion EA combined with Jasminoidia intervention can improve the learning-memory ability and inhibit the microglial cell activity in diabetes+CI rats probably via down-regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
关键词:Diabetes and cerebral ischemia;Electroacupuncture;Jasminoidia;Hippocampus;Amygdale;Nuclear factor-kappa B;OX-42;Cerebral protection
摘要:Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion interventions in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS).Methods A total of 133 CFS patients were randomized into acupuncture group(47cases),warm-needling group(44cases)and non-acupoint group(42cases).Manual acupuncture(MA)stimulation was applied to Baihui(GV 20),Danzhong(CV 17),Qihai(CV 6),Guanyuan(CV 4),bilateral Zusanli(ST 36),Hegu(LI 4),Taichong(LR 3)and Sanyinjiao(SP 6)for patients in the acupuncture group.For patients in the warm-needling group,moxa-heated needle was applied to Baihui(GV 20),Qihai(CV 6),Guanyuan(CV 4)and bilateral Zusanli(ST 36).Non-acupoints were located about 1-2cm beside the Baihui(GV 20),Danzhong(CV 17),Qihai(CV 6),Guanyuan(CV 4),Zusanli(ST 36),Taichong(LR 3),Sanyinjiao(SP 6)and Hegu(LI 4).The treatment was given once daily for 20 days.The Chalder Fatigue Scale(14-item fatigue scale)was adopted to evaluate the changes of CFS before and after the treatment.Results In comparison with pre-treatment,the scores of Chalder Fatigue Scale including physical and mental fatigue and total score were significantly decreased in both acupuncture and warm-needling groups(P<0.05,P<0.01),but not in the non-acupoint group(P>0.05)except physical score(P<0.05).The physical,mental and total scores of the acupuncture and warm-needling groups were significantly lower than those of the non-acupoint group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the physical and total scores of the warm-needling group were markedly lower than those of the acupuncture group(P<0.05).After the treatment,the CFS patients' satisfactory rates of the acupuncture,warm-needling and non-acupoint groups were 36.2%(17/47),72.7%(32/44)and 35.7%(15/42),respectively.Conclusion Both MA and warm-needling interventions have a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of CFS patients,while the latter is obviously better.
摘要:Objective To observe the effect of warm-reinforcing needling combined with modern rehabilitation training on motor function of cerebral palsy(CP)children.Methods Sixty cases of CP children were randomly divided into acupuncture combined with rehabilitation(Acu+Rehab,n=30)group and Rehab(n=30)group.Patients of the Acu+Rehab group were treated by warm-reinforcing needling stimulation of Jiaji(EX-B 2),Jianyu(LI 15),Quchi(LI 11),Hegu(LI 4),Zusanli(ST 36),Yinlingquan(GB 34),Sanyinjiao(SP 6),Juegu(GB 39),Yanglingquan(GB 34),etc.,combined with Bobath rehabilitation therapy,and those of the Rehab group treated by Bobath rehabilitation(stimulating key control points in the body,triggering reflexes that provide head and body control).The treatment was conducted every day,with three months being a therapeutic course,two courses in all.The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales 2(PDMS-2)was used to evaluate the CP children's motor function[1)gross motor:posture(straightness ratio),locomotion and object manipulation;2)fine motor:grasping and visual-Motor integration].Results After the treatment,of the 30 and 30cases in the Acu+Rehab and Rehab groups,1(3.33%)and 0(0%)were cured,20(66.67%)and 18(60.00%)experienced marked improvement,9(30.00%)and 12(40.00%)were invalid,with the effective rates being 70.00%and 60.00%respectively.The therapeutic effect of the Acu+ Rehab group was markedly superior to that of the Rehab group(P<0.05).After 6months' treatment,the scores of posture,locomotor,object manipulation and grasping,and visual-movement integration were significantly increased in comparison with pre-treatment in the same one group(P<0.05),and the effects of the Acu+Rehab group were obviously superior to those of Rehab group in increasing the scores of posture,locomotor,object manipulation and grasping after 6months' treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Warm-reinforcing needling combined with Bobath rehabilitation has a better therapeutic effect in improving gross motor and fine motor functions of CP children.
关键词:Cerebral palsy;Acupuncture intervention;Warm-reinforcing needling;Bobath rehabilitation;Gross motor function;Fine motor function
摘要:Objective To observe the clinical effect of cupping combined with acupuncture stimulation of trigger points on lumbar myofascial pain syndrome(MPS).Methods Sixty MPS patients were randomly divided into acupuncture+TDP group(n=30),and cupping+acupuncture group(n=30).Patients in the acupuncture+TDP group were treated by acupuncture stimulation of trigger points and local TDP irradiation,and patients of the cupping+acupuncture group treated by intensive cupping applied to the myofascial band and acupuncture stimulation of the locus according to the position of muscular tension band.The therapeutic effects were assessed according to the score of the McGill pain questionnaire composing of pain rating index(PRI),visual analogue scale(VAS)and present pain intensity(PPI)before,immediately and 1month after the treatment.Results After the treatment,the total effective rates of the acupuncture+TDP and cupping+acupuncture groups were 83.3%(25/30)and96.6%(29/30),respectively,without significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).One month's follow-up showed that the total effective rates of the acupuncture+TDP and cupping+acupuncture groups were 40.0% and 90.0%respectively,and the latter group was significantly better than the acupuncture+TDP group in the therapeutic effect(P<0.05).The scores of PRI,VAS,PPI after the treatment were markedly decreased in both groups(P<0.05).One month later,the scores of PRI,VAS and PPI in the cupping+acupuncture group were obviously lower than those of the acupuncture group(P<0.05).ConclusionBoth acupuncture stimulation of trigger points plus TDP and cupping plus acupuncture can effectively relieve pain in MPS patients,while the therapeutic effect of cupping plus acupuncture treatment lasts longer analgesic effect.
摘要:Increasing evidence shows that acupuncture therapy may have a role in promoting fertilization.Authors of the present paper collected the related articles in English published from January 2003 to May 2013 in databases of Ovid Medline,Maternity and Infant Care and Medline(Pubmed),and made an analysis.Results of many randomized controlled clinical trials(RCT)indicated that acupuncture intervention had a positive role in raising pregnancy rate,fetus surviving rate of the transplanted embryo,and increasing the neuropeptide Y content in the ollicular fluid in patients experiencing embryo transplantation,and in raising survival rate of zygote,conception rate of embryo transplantation,and in improving azoospermia in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.But many systematic reviews and Meta-analysis did not support the above-mentioned conclusion of acupuncture therapy about promoting fertilization.The authors hold that despite of dominated positive outcomes of RCT for acupuncture-assisted fertilization,further well designed RCT are still warranted for providing further definite and convincing evidence.
摘要:Essential hypertension(EH)is a very common clinical disorder affecting the patient's health.Accumulating evidence indicates that immunological factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.In the present paper,the authors introduce 1)progress of researches on the pathogenesis of hypertension from cellular immune and body fluid immune(multiple immuno-humoral factors);2)effects of acupuncture intervention on natural killer cell activity,exercise-induced immunosuppression,circulating inflammatory factor levels and balance of cytokines;3)blood-pressure reduction effect of acupuncture intervention by lowering circulating TNF-α,IL-6,matrix metalloproteinases-9,angiotensin convertase and endothelin levels,and upregulating serum opioid peptide content,etc.to decrease inflammatory injury of the cardiovascular system.Many researches have demonstrated that acupuncture may have a positive role in improving EH in clinical practice,which may be associated with its regulative effect on immune system,but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated.
摘要:Heart-brain correlation is an important component of Chinese medicine about the theory of zang-fu organs,which is still valuable for acupuncture clinical practice.Nowadays,increasing evidence supports the close association between the heart-brain axis,central autonomic nerve network and cardiovascular diseases,as well as the extensive regulative effects of acupuncture intervention on the heart-brain axis,functional connectivity of the brain,automatic nerve activities and cardiac functions.Therefore,the authors of the present paper hold that from the viewpoint of the heart-brain relationship,and by combining non-invasive functional brain imaging techniques with the patients' subjective and objective clinical indexes,our researchers will possibly and systematically reveal the underlying central mechanisms of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris.However,the concrete biochemical mechanism should be proved via other advanced biological techniques.
摘要:In the process of working out and implementing standardization of acupuncture-moxibustion(acu-moxi)therapy,the issue of intellectual property rights has been frequently involved.Whether is the standardization inevitably involved in intellectual property rights?A reasonable answer to this question is definitely of important realistic guiding value and significance for acu-moxi standardization work.For this reason,authors of the present paper sum up historical development of correlation between acu-moxi standardization and intellectual property rights,and fully analyze the related causes under the conditions of knowledge economy from 1)increasing protection of acu-moxi intellectual property rights,2)intrinsic requirements for raising the standardization level of acu-moxi,3)profits drive of the intellectual property rights owners,and 4)increasing impetuous international economic trade competition.
关键词:Acupuncture-moxibustion;Standardization;Intellectual property rights