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1.贵州中医药大学针灸推拿学院,贵阳 550025
2.长沙市中医院,长沙 410007
杨孝芳,E-mail:363110152@qq.com
收稿:2025-02-26,
修回:2025-03-13,
网络首发:2026-05-06,
纸质出版:2026-05-25
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朱洲,潘莉,闫朝勃,等.“温阳通脉”灸法通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路对ApoE-/-动脉粥样硬化小鼠内皮功能的影响[J].针刺研究,2026,51(5):583-592.
ZHU Zhou,PAN Li,YAN Zhao-bo,et al.Effect of “Wenyang Tongmai” moxibustion on endothelial function in ApoE-/- atherosclerotic mice via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway[J].Acupuncture Research,
朱洲,潘莉,闫朝勃,等.“温阳通脉”灸法通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路对ApoE-/-动脉粥样硬化小鼠内皮功能的影响[J].针刺研究,2026,51(5):583-592. DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250195.
ZHU Zhou,PAN Li,YAN Zhao-bo,et al.Effect of “Wenyang Tongmai” moxibustion on endothelial function in ApoE-/- atherosclerotic mice via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway[J].Acupuncture Research, DOI:10.13702/j.1000⁃0607.20250195.
目的
2
研究“温阳通脉”灸法对动脉粥样硬化(AS)小鼠磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路及内皮功能相关因子的影响,探讨“温阳通脉”灸法通过抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路防治AS的可能机制。
方法
2
将30只雄性ApoE
-/-
小鼠随机分为模型组、灸法组和灸法+激动剂组,每组10只,高脂饲料喂养12周复制AS模型。10只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠作为对照组,普通饲料喂养12周。各组小鼠均在造模第1天开始干预,对照组、模型组仅抓取固定;灸法组在“膻中”“神阙”及双侧“内关”“血海”行灸法干预,每次30 min;灸法+激动剂组在灸前30 min给予腹腔注射740Y-P(5 μmol·kg
-1
·d
-1
)。以上各组均每周干预5 d,连续干预12周。观察小鼠一般情况及体质量;生化分析测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量;HE染色法观察小鼠胸主动脉病理形态;ELISA法检测小鼠血清中一氧化氮(NO)及内皮素-1(ET-1)含量;流式细胞术检测主动脉活性氧(ROS)含量;qPCR及Western blot法检测小鼠主动脉组织中PI3K、Akt、mTOR、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)mRNA及蛋白表达。
结果
2
与对照组比较,模型组小鼠第8、12周体质量,血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量均显著增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),血清HDL-C、NO含量显著降低(
P
<
0.01);主动脉弓内壁不平整,内膜增厚,有“斑块”增生;血清ET-1含量,主动脉中ROS含量、mTOR mRNA表达、p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达比值显著升高(
P
<
0.01),主动脉中eNOS mRNA表达、eNOS蛋白表达量和p-Akt/Akt比值显著降低(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,灸法组小鼠主动脉弓偶见内膜细胞脱落,未见明显病理变化,其余指标除HDL-C外均逆转(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05)。与灸法组相比,灸法+激动剂组小鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量显著增加(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05);主动脉弓见少量或极少量“斑块”增生,内膜偶见内皮细胞脱落;血清NO含量降低(
P
<
0.05),血清ET-1含量、主动脉中ROS含量、主动脉p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR蛋白表达比值显著增高(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05),主动脉eNOS mRNA表达、eNOS蛋白表达量及p-Akt/Akt比值显著降低(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
“温阳通脉”灸法可降低ApoE
-/-
AS小鼠体质量,改善血脂异常,修复主动脉内皮损伤,减轻AS症状,其机制可能与通过调节主动脉PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路进而影响氧化应激反应保护内皮功能有关。
Objective
2
To observe the impact of “Wenyang Tongmai” (warming
yang
and unblocking vessels) moxibustion on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR ) signaling pathway and endothelial function-related factors in ApoE
-/-
mice with atherosclerosis (AS), so as to explore its potential mechanism underlying prevention and treatment of AS.
Methods
2
Thirty male ApoE
-/-
mice were r
andomly assigned to three groups: model, moxibustion, and moxibustion plus PI3K agonist (moxibustion + agonist) groups, with 10 mice in each group. The AS model was established by feeding the mice with high-fat diet for 12 weeks. An additional 10 male C57BL/6J mice were used as the control group, and fed with a standard diet for 12 weeks. The interventions began on the first day of modeling. Mice of the control and model groups were only restrained for fixation. Moxibustion was applied to “Danzhong”(CV17), “Shenque”(CV8), bilateral “Neiguan” (PC6) and “Xuehai”(SP10) acupoints for 30 min per session. Mice of the moxibustion + agonist group received intraperitoneal injection of PI3K agonist 740Y-P (5 μmol·kg
-1
·d
-1
) 30 min before each moxibustion. The intervention was conducted 5 days per week for 12 consecutive weeks. General conditions and body weight of the mice were recorded. Biochemical analysis was performed to measure serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contents. Histopathological changes in the thoracic aorta were observed via H.E. staining. The contents of serum nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected using ELISA. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the aorta was detected by flow cytometry. The Western blot and qPCR were employed to analyze the expression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and eNOS proteins and mRNAs in the aortic tissue, respectively.
Results
2
Compared to the control group, the model group showed a significant increase in the body weight at week 8 and 12 after modeling (
P
<
0.05), serum TC, TG, and LDL-C and ET-1 contents, and aorta ROS content, expression level of mTOR mRNA, and p-PI3K/PI3K and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios in the aorta tissue (
P
<
0.01), and a significant decrease in the serum HDL-C and NO contents, expression levels of eNOS mRNA and protein, and p-Akt/Akt ratio in the aorta (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05). Compared with the model group, the moxibustion intervention obviously lowered the body weight at week 8 and 12, contents of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, ET-1 and aorta ROS, expression level of mTOR mRNA, and p-PI3K/PI3K and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05), and evidently elevated serum NO content, expression of eNOS mRNA and protein, and p-Akt/Akt ratio (
P
<
0.01). Compared to the moxibustion group, the moxibustion+agonist group exhibited an evident elevation in the serum TC, TG, and LDL-C contents (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05), ET-1, ROS contents and the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-mTOR/mTOR proteins (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05), and a striking down-regulation in the content of NO, expression of eNOS mRNA and protein, and p-Akt/Akt ratio (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Histopathological examination revealed uneven aortic inner walls, intimal thickening, and plaque proliferation in the model group, while minor intimal cell detachment in the aortic arch and no obvious lesions in the moxibustion group, and a small amount of “plaque” and hyperplasia in the aortic arch, and an occasional endothelial cell sloughing of the intima in the moxibustion+angonist group.
Conclusion
2
“Wenyang Tongmai” moxibustion can reduce body weight, alleviate dyslipidemia and mitigate AS symptoms in ApoE
-/-
mice, which may be associated with its functions in inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, reducing oxidative stress and protecting the endothelial function.
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