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1.福建中医药大学针灸推拿学院,福州350122
2.福建中医药大学中西医结合学院、中西医结合研究院,福州350122
3.福建中医药大学附属第三人民医院,福州350108
Received:27 April 2025,
Revised:2025-07-28,
Online First:06 May 2026,
Published:25 May 2026
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黄俊燕,董卫国,郭婉清,等.电针对快速老化小鼠海马区髓鞘及Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin信号通路的影响[J].针刺研究,2026,51(5):624-631.
HUANG Jun-yan,DONG Wei-guo,GUO Wan-qing,et al.Effect of electroacupuncture on hippocampal myelin and Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway in Alzheimer’s disease mice[J].Acupuncture Research,
黄俊燕,董卫国,郭婉清,等.电针对快速老化小鼠海马区髓鞘及Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin信号通路的影响[J].针刺研究,2026,51(5):624-631. DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250434.
HUANG Jun-yan,DONG Wei-guo,GUO Wan-qing,et al.Effect of electroacupuncture on hippocampal myelin and Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway in Alzheimer’s disease mice[J].Acupuncture Research, DOI:10.13702/j.1000⁃0607.20250434.
目的
2
观察电针对快速老化SAMP8小鼠学习记忆能力、海马区髓鞘及RAS相关C3肉毒杆菌毒素底物1(Rac1)/P21-活化激酶1(PAK1)/LIM激酶1(LIMK1)/丝切蛋白(cofilin)信号通路的影响,从细胞骨架角度探讨电针改善阿尔茨海默病的作用机制。
方法
2
将8月龄的SAMP8雄性小鼠随机分为模型组、电针组,每组9只;同龄的雄性SAMR1小鼠9只为对照组。电针组电针“大椎”“肾俞”,针刺“百会”,20 min/次,每日1次,8 d为1个疗程,共3个疗程。采用Morris水迷宫检测小鼠学习记忆能力;LFB染色法观察小鼠海马区髓鞘形态结构;鬼笔环肽染色法观察小鼠海马区细胞骨架;实时荧光定量PCR法检测小鼠海马组织Rac1、PAK1、LIMK1、cofilin的mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测小鼠海马组织髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、Rac1、PAK1、磷酸化PAK1(p-PAK1)、LIMK1、磷酸化LIMK1(p-LIMK1)、cofilin、磷酸化cofilin(p-cofilin)的蛋白表达。
结果
2
与对照组比较,模型组逃避潜伏期延长(
P
<
0.01),穿越原平台次数及原平台象限停留时间减少(
P
<
0.01);海马区LFB染色变浅,纤维排列疏松;海马区细胞骨架荧光强度减弱(
P
<
0.01);海马组织Rac1、PAK1、LIMK1、cofilin的mRNA表达水平,海马组织MBP、Rac1蛋白相对表达量及p-PAK1/PAK1、p-LIMK1/LIMK1、p-cofilin/cofilin蛋白相对表达量比值均降低(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,电
针组逃避潜伏期缩短(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05),穿越原平台次数及原平台象限停留时间增加(
P
<
0.01);海马区LFB染色加深,髓鞘纤维排列规整;海马区细胞骨架荧光强度增强(
P
<
0.01);海马组织Rac1、PAK1、LIMK1、cofilin的mRNA表达水平,海马组织MBP、Rac1蛋白相对表达量及p-PAK1/PAK1、p-LIMK1/LIMK1、p-cofilin/cofilin蛋白相对表达量比值均升高(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
电针可以改善SAMP8小鼠学习记忆能力,其机制可能与激活Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin信号通路的表达,促进细胞骨架重组,影响髓鞘功能有关。
Objective
2
To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on learning-memory ability, hippocampal myelin and RAS-associated C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)/ P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1)/ LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1)/ cofilin signaling pathway in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from the perspective of the cytoskeleton.
Methods
2
Male SAMP8 (AD) mice were randomly divided into model group and EA group, with 9 mice in each group, and 9 male SAMR1 mice of the same age were used as the control group. The mice in the EA group received EA at “Dazhui” (GV14) and “Shenshu” (BL23) and punctured at “Baihui” (GV20) for 20 min, once per day, for 24 days, rest for 2 days after every 8 days of treatment. The Morris water maze test was used to observe the learning-memory ability. The Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining was used to observe the myelin sheath, and the phalloidin staining was used to observe the cytoskeleton in the hippocampus tissue. The mRNA expression levels of Rac1, PAK1, LIMK1, and cofilin were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the protein expression levels of myelin basic protein (MBP), Rac1, PAK1, phosphorylated (p)-PAK1, LIMK1, p-LIMK1, cofilin, and p-cofilin in the hippocampal tissue were detected using Western blot.
Results
2
Compared with the control group, the model group showed an
obvious increase in the escape latency (
P
<
0.01), and a significant decrease in the number of the original platform-crossing, the swimming time in the original platform quadrant, cytoskeleton fluorescence intensity, mRNA expression levels of Rac1, PAK1, LIMK1, and cofilin, and protein expression levels of MBP and Rac1, and the ratios of the relative protein expression of p-PAK1/PAK1, p-LIMK1/LIMK1, and p-cofilin/cofilin in the hippocampus tissue (
P
<
0.01). Following EA intervention, the increased level of escape latency and the decreased levels of the number of the original platform-crossing, the swimming time in the original platform quadrant, cytoskeleton fluorescence intensity, and the expression levels of Rac1, PAK1, LIMK1, and cofilin mRNAs, and the expression levels of MBP and Rac1 proteins, and the ratios of the relative protein expression of p-PAK1/PAK1, p-LIMK1/LIMK1, and p-cofilin/cofilin were reversed (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05). LFB staining showed disordered and loose arrangement of the fibers with vacuoles in the model group. Compared with the model group, the number of myelin fibers was increased with the fibers arranged in relatively regular order in the EA group, suggesting a reduction of the degree of demyelination.
Conclusion
2
EA can improve the learning-memory ability of SAMP8 mice, which may be related to its functions in up-regulating the activity of Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling, and promoting the cytoskeletal reorganization to improve myelin function.
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