本文综述了国家“九·五”攀登计划预选项目“经络的研究” 2 0 0 0年度的工作进展。过去的一年中

经络研究在循经感传的中枢及外周机制、经脉 脏腑相关的神经生物学机理、经脉循行路线的理化特性等方面围绕各自提出的假说做了大量工作。结果表明 :①针刺引起的反射性肌电反应等信息可沿着肌肉的长轴双向跨神经节段传递

Aδ和C类神经纤维介导此传递过程

并受交感活动的影响 ;支配穴位区的运动神经元在脊髓前角有严格的上下空间对应关系 ;针刺穴位可引起大脑皮层体觉区及运动区磁共振反应

促使皮层功能活动的同步化。②心包经、心经和心脏在脊神经节和脊髓背角有特异性会聚

在脊髓内由颈部背角到胸部的侧角等可通过交感节前神经元与心脏联系 ;脊神经节及脊髓内的CGRP等神经肽、阿片肽受体以及外周血液中单胺类递质等均参与其联系过程。针刺胃经经穴可特异性地调节胃肠功能活动

外周血液、胃内及延脑极后区内胃肠肽的水平 ;胸部脊髓背角是胃经穴位电针和胃扩张信息汇聚和整和的部位。③沿经脉循行线特异性出现的高温带或低温带是一种正常的生理或病理现象

高温带的产生与该处组织能量代谢的旺盛、皮肤微循环的增强有关。针刺胃经穴位时在其循行线上和胃内出现含蛋白质的液晶颗粒 ;经脉循行线具有低In the present paper

the authors review progresses of research on meridian theory

the national 9·5' pre selected project of “National Climbing Plan”during 2000. Results indicate that: ① acupuncture stimulation initiated input signals as reflex myoelectric response

spread bi directionally via Aδ and C nerve fibers in a trans segmental way along the longitudinal axis of the myofibers

which is also affected by sympathetic activity. The motor neurons innervating acupoint areas have a strict corresponding space correlation in the anterior horns of the spinal cord. Puncturing acupoint can evoke magnetic resonance response in the somatic sensory region and motor area of the cerebral cortex and promote the synchronous process of the cortical functional activity. ② Afferent nerve fibers from the Pericardium Meridian

Heart Meridian and the heart have a specific convergence in the dorsal ganglion and the spinal cord. In the spinal cord

fibers of the cervical dorsal horn neurons related to the Pericardium Meridian descend and connect with the preganglionic neurons of the upper thoracic segments. Neuro peptides including CGRP

etc and opiate peptide δ receptors

etc in the dorsal ganglions and the spinal cord as well as monoamines neurotransmitters in the periphery blood are all involved in the connection between these two meridians and the heart. Acupuncture of acupoints of the Stomach Meridian had a specific regulation on gastrointestinal functional activities

gastrointestinal hormones in the blood

stomach and bulbar area postrema. The dorsal horn of the lower thoracic spinal cord is one of the important convergent and integration regions of information from EA of acupoints of the Stomach Meridian and the stomach. ③ Both the higher and lower temperature bands appeared specifically along the running course of the meridian are normal or pathological physiological phenomenon. Generation of the higher temperature band is closely related with the hyperactivity of the energy metabolism of the tissues and the increase of blood circulation. After acupuncture of acupoints of the Stomach Meridian

some liquid crystal granules containing proteins may appear in tissues along the running course of the Stomach Meridian and the stomach. The running course of the meridian has a character of lower flowing resistance and the orientation flow of the tissue liquid is affected by arterial pressure

permeability of the capillaries

etc. and ④ The ancient and modern literature and research data have been collected and studied comprehensively.