Objective To observe the changes of expression of OX-42 and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)transporter factor in the hippocampus and amygdale in diabetes and cerebral ischemia(CI)rats with learning and memory impairment after combined treatment with electroacupuncture(EA)plus Jasminaidia

so as to explore their mechanism underlying cerebral protection.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control

model

medication

EA

and EA+medication groups(12rats/group).The diabetes mellitus model was established by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin(60mg/kg

for 3days)and the CI model made by repeated occlusion and reperfusion of the bilateral carotid arteries.The rats' lear-ning-memory ability was measured via Morris water maze tasks.Rats of the medication group were fed with Jasminaidia(25mg/kg)

once a day for one week

and those of the EA group administrated with EA stimulation of"Baihui"(GV 20)and"Dazhui"(GV 14)

once every other day for 20 days.For rats of the EA+medication group

both EA and Jasminaidia were given the same to those mentioned above.Three weeks later

changes in the number and optical density of OX-42(microglial cell mar-kers)-positive and NF-κB-positive cells in the hippocampus and amygdale were examined by immunohistochemistry.Results After the treatment

the diabetes+CI induced decrease of percentages of swimming distance and swimming time in the target quadrant were obviously increased in the EA

medication and EA+medication groups(P<0.05)

suggesting an improvement of the rats' memory ability.The number of OX-42 positive microglial cells and NF-κB-positive cells and their immunoactivity in the hippocampus and amygdale were significantly higher in the diabetes plus CI model rats than in the control rats(P<0.01

P<0.05).After the treatment

the number and expression levels of OX-42 marked microgliacytes and NF-κB-positive cells were significantly decreased in the EA

medication and EA+medication groups compared with the model group(P<0.05).No significant differences were found among the 3treatment groups in the number of OX-42-and NF-κB-positive cells and their expression levels(P>0.05).Conclusion EA combined with Jasminoidia intervention can improve the learning-memory ability and inhibit the microglial cell activity in diabetes+CI rats probably via down-regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway.