最新刊期
1980年第1期
- 摘要：本文主要介绍了近年来肾上腺皮质激素在针刺镇痛和针刺麻醉中的作用,并对针刺作用、应激和机能调节的关系作了初步分析。894|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：本文共分两部分。第一部分简要地叙述了尾核的问题。(1)尾核的神经联系:最重要的多巴胺纤维系统之一——黑质纹体束的细胞体位于黑质致密部。该束由黑质通向尾核。同时,也存在纹体黑质束,致使尾核和黑质之间得以互相影响机能活动。(2)尾核各神经元间的联系:在尾核各神经元联系的通路上存在一个胆硷能的中间环节,尾核的多巴胺能神经末梢通过它影响尾核本身的及下行至黑质的 GABA 神经元的活动。控制黑质纹体束多巴胺通路的抑制性神经反馈作用,似乎包括使尾核的胆硷能中间神经元失活,从而使支配黑质多巴胺神经细胞的抑制性下行 GABA 能通路的活性增高。(3)多巴胺受体的性质:介绍了兴奋性多巴胺受体和抑制性多巴胺受体的学说。描述了多巴胺受体的组织化学、生物学、电生理学、药理学以及机能上的特点。设想兴奋性多巴胺受体可能位于突触前部位,而抑制性多巴胺受体则位于突触后部位。第二部分尾核和针刺麻醉。实验表明,尾核具有提高痛阈,加强针麻镇痛的作用。但是,尾核镇痛作用的机理尚未阐明。有些实验提示,尾核的多巴胺递质系统有对抗针刺镇痛的效应。926|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我院于1972年首次成功地应用针麻施行体外循环心内直视术,至1978年8月共230例。本文总结其临床规律,并着重分析手术中心电图、脑电图、呼吸波形、通气量、指容积、皮肤电、肌电以及血 pH、PaCO_2等,以指导临床实践,并为研究针麻原理研究提供资料。695|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：根据祖国医学理论,妇女经、带、胎、产疾病冲、督、任三脉皆起于胞中(即子宫),并络于带脉,说明冲、任、督、带四脉与子宫关系密切,因此我们在针麻全子宫切除术中把取穴的选择集中到背部督脉上。通过临床实践、观察到命门、腰俞对针麻的镇痛不全、次髎对内脏牵拉反应有较好的效果,但存在着腹肌紧张、鼓肠等问题。我们学习Fifty cases of total hysterectomy using acupuncture as the primary method of anesthesial withadjunct analgesics were compared with a control group of another 50 total hysterectomies using acu-puncture alone.Patients were classified into 3 groups according to the acupuncture tolerance testapplied to Hegu point:Group A,good tolerance to acupuncture,simple pelvic lesions,acupunctureonly was used,50 cases;Group B,adherent pelvic lesions,25 cases;Group C,poor tolerance toacupuncture,lesions with extensive adhesions and/or complicated by medical problems.All the pati-ents received Hyminal 0.4gm orally the night before operation,and Luminal 0.1gm given an hourbefore operation together with Atropine 0.5mg or Scoplamine 0.3mg For Group A patients Pethi-dine 1 mg/kg was added 5 minutes before operation;Group B patients received Pethidine 1.5 mg/kg and Haloteridol 5 mg;Group C patients had pethidine 1 mg/kg and 100 mg Lidocaine in a 2%solution extradurally.In Group A,50 patients,45 cases were successful,of which the “excellent” rate was 78%;Group B,25 patients,24 were successful with an “excellent” rate of 96%;Group C,25 patients,all successful,of which the “excellent” rate was also 96%.To patients presenting muscular tension 40 mg of Flaxedil were given;for those with incompleteanalgesia Fentanyl 0.1 mg or Pethidine 50 mg was used;in cases with massive adhesions extraduralLidocaine 100 mg in a 2% solution was added to produce a synergistic action and thus enhance theeffect of Acupuncture Anesthesia.584|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：不同原因所致休克患者手术时麻醉的选择和处理,既要不使原有复杂的病理生理改变更趋恶化,又要维护术中的安全和减少各种并发症的发生。我院自1970年5月至1976年12月对99例休克、危重病员采用针刺麻醉,感到优点较多,但还有些问题需待研究和解决,现报告如下:Operations were performed on 99 shocked or seriously ill patients under acupuncture anesthesiafrom May,1970 till December,1976,Of the 99 cases 36 were male,and 63 female.The 99cases included 52 with hemorrhagic shock,29 toxic shock and 18 other diseases.The main observa-tions were as follows:[1]Blood pressure increased in most patients during the induction period of acupueture anesthesia.The amount of blood transfused decreased in the cases of hemorrhagic shock under thisanesthesia.It showed that acupuncture had a regulatory effect on the organism.[2]Blood pressure,pulse and respiration remained stable during operation.Recovery wasrapid and there were no complications after operation.Moreover the method is easy to apply,the equipment simple,and can be used extensively in hospitals at lowest level.[3]While saving the shocked and seriously ill patients,attention must be paid to pathogenictreatment,supplement of blood volume,correction of acidosis,control of breathing and otheranti-shock treatments.[4]Incomplete analgesia and muscular tension were sometimes found after the patients'conditionhad improved.In that case,neuromuscular blocking agents made from medicinal herbswere injected into certain points,in order to relax the abdominal muscles and raise theefficiency of acupuncture anesthesia.If such treatment was unsatifactory,epidural anesthesiawas applied and analgesics or sedatives were added.[5]Blood pressure remained the same or decreased in some cases during the induction period ofacupuncture,but that was not related to the duration of induction period.[6]The causes of death of some cases were heart failure,respiratory failure,renal failure andirreversible shock induced by bleeding.789|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我国古代医家善用望、闻、问、切四诊于疾病的诊治。春秋战国时代名医扁鹊即有脉诊的记述,其后晋朝王叔和的《脉经》和明朝李时珍的《频湖脉学》等著作均有所阐述。这方面在世界医学中允推首创。古代医家早在现代医学出现以前,仅凭平息定至和手指按诊即可分辨多种脉率及脉律方面的失常。其中包括促脉、结脉、代脉、缓脉885|138|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：针灸疗法是中国传统医学中治疗疼痛性疾病的经典方法之一。近年来临床上针刺麻醉的应用,大大促进了关于针刺镇痛问题的研究。在西方医学中,近年来关于吗啡镇痛和脑刺激镇痛的研究,以及内源性鸦片样物质的发现,使疼痛和镇痛的研究得到长足的The effect of acupuncture analgesia in rat was assessed by the tail-flick method and was triedto correlate with the changes in the cerebral content of serotonin(5-HT)and the endogenous opiate-like substances(OLS),Measures were taken to lower the cerebral content of 5-HT or to block theeffect of OLS to see their effect on acupuncture analgesia.The interrelationship between 5-HTcontent and OLS activity was also monitored in different physiological and pharmacologicalsituations.The results indicated that the effect of acupuncture analgesia was intimately related to thecerebral 5-HT content and OLS activity and the extent to which they were mobilized during thecourse of acupuncture.There was an intimate interrelationship between the cerebral 5-HT contentand the OLS activity and these two neurochemical substrates seemed to be functionally compensatoryto each other.1001|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们曾经报告,脑内乙酰胆碱和5-羟色胺在针刺镇痛过程中都具有重要作用。应用密胆碱(HC-3)阻断脑内乙酰胆碱合成,可以明显降低针效;若在此基础上补充胆碱,又可使针效恢复。应用对氯苯丙氨酸(pCPA)阻断脑内5-羟色胺的合成,针效亦明显降低;相反,应用5-羟色氨The role played by central 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and acetylcholine(ACh)in Acupunc-ture Analgesia(AA)has been studied in rats.Blocking of synthesis of ACh by intraventricular injection of hemicholine(HC-3)reduced theeffect of AA following the lowering of the 5-HT and 5-HIAA content in the central nervoussystem.The blocking effect of HC-3 on AA could be reversed by choline,the precursor of ACh,followingthe increasing of central 5-HT and 5-HIAA.The blocking effect of HC-3 could also be reversed by the injection of 5-Hydroxytryptophan(5-HTP)to increase the content of central 5-HTFrom the results stated above,it follows that central ACh and 5-HT seem to be the importantfactors mediating the acupuncture analgesia,but the effect of ACh on AA might possibly bemediated through the effect of central 5-HT.958|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在过去的交叉循环实验中曾提示外周单胺类物质可能参与了电针供血猫对刺激未受针刺的受血猫内脏大神经引起的皮层诱发电位的抑制效应。随后又采用血浴器官生物测定法初步证实电针穴位确能促使猫外周单胺类物质的释放。本工作进一步观察从颈动脉注射单胺类物质对平均迭加的皮层The inhibitory effects of intracarotid injections of serotonin,nor-adrenaline or adrenaline indifferent doses on averaging cortical splanchnic evoked potentials,indicating the central pain response,were observed in 27 cats.Furthermore,combination of intracarotid injection of noradrenaline in sub-effective dose and electro-needling the acupoint “Weishu” with low intensity had a facilitating effecton the inhibition.The results suggest that the monoamines in peripheral circulation may enter thebrain and inhibit the cortical electroactivity,and may have a facilitating effect on acupunctureanalgesia.This work supports the results observed in our previous cross-circulation experiments,i.e.humoral factors play a role in the central action of acupuncture analgesia.676|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：本文研究电针诱导对中枢胆硷能神经介质的影响。在大白鼠上模拟电针诱导,测定和比较针刺动物与对照动物的脑内不同部位乙酰胆硷(ACh)含量和乙酰胆硷酯酶(AChE)活力水平,以探讨中枢胆硷能神经介质与针麻作用的关系。974|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：很早就知道,针刺人中等穴位具有急救的效果。近年来在针麻实践中证明,针麻应用于休克等危重病人的手术时比较安全,可使患者的一般情况得到改善,为手术的顺利进行提供了有利条件。本工作旨在观察针刺人中对失血性休克动物的失血量、死亡率、死亡时间、输液量以及一系列血流动力学指标的影响,以期阐明针刺人中是否具有Experiments were carried,out to observe the effect of philtrum needling on volume of bloodloss,mortality,death time,amount of blood transfusion and a series of hemodynamic indices in animals under hemorrhagic shock,and to show whether philtrum needling had anti-shock affect ornot,and what was its hemodynamic character.Experiments were performed on 58 cats and 39 dogs with conciousness.The main experimentalresults were as follows:Increase of volume of blood loss to precipitate standard hemorrhagic shock,decrease of mortalityand delaying of death time in the shock animals and decrease of amount of blood transfusion tobring blood pressure of the animals to normal could be induced by needling.Recovery of bloodpressure,and improvement of renal and intestinal blood flow in shock cats could also be inducedby needling.Moreover,increase of cardiac index and stroke volume and decrease of total peripheralresistance could be induced by needling,so that the disturbance of hemodynamics of low cardiacoutput and high peripheral resistance could be corrected to a certain extent.The above mentioned results suggest that it is certain that philtrum needling has an anti-shockeffect,and that it is related to improvement in circulation of the visceral organs and in cardiacfunction.827|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：最近我们观察了针刺加压反应的不同区域血管阻力的变化。实验表明,针刺人中、足三里引起加压反应时,后肢、小肠、肾、脾等阻力血管可发生大致相同程度的反射性收缩,其作用与隐神经加压反应的效应相似。但阻断颈总动脉血流及刺激颈动脉体化学感受器并引起加压反应时,分别对肾、脾Experiments were carried out to observe the reflex reactions of the nictitating membrane,pupil,bladder and small intestine during the pressor reaction induced by acupuncture and to compare them withthe effects during the pressor reactions induced by stimulation of the carotid body,saphenous nerveand occlusion of common carotid artery,in order to show whether there was relative specificity inphysiological effects induced by stimulation of different points,what kind of afferent stimulation itresembled to;and whether the reflex reactions of the different autonomic effectors to differentstimuli were the same or not.Experiments were performed on 36 concious cats.Stimulation of the saphenous nerve coulddiffusely induce reflex reactions in different effectors.However,the effects of stimulation ofthe carotid body and of occlusion of the common carotid artery on different autonomic effectorswere slight.The differences between the two kinds of stimuli were significant.The effects ofPhiltrum(人中)and Zusanli(足三里)needling were basically similar to those of stimulation ofsaphenous nerve.The above-mentioned results suggest that acupuncture belongs to a non-specific afferent stimulus.Except on nictitating membrane,the effects of two points on these effectors are basically the same.It seems that there is no specificity of points.The results also suggest that the functional behaviorsof the sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve do not necessarily show reciprocal inhibition.Under a given condition,the one can be excited and the other inhibited.Sometimes,both kinds of nerves can be excited at the same time.Moreover,the reflex reactions of the different effectorsto different afferent stimuli are different.That is prohably because of the fact that the differentorgans are controlled by the different the neuron pools of the sympathetic center and that the synapticconnections of a definite afferent fiber group may be more close to one neuron pool than to theother,so that stimulation of this afferent fiber group would more readily induce excitation of thispool and the organ controlled by it,while the responses of other pools and these organs controlledby them would be slight.847|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：针刺体表能引起相关内脏的活动,这已为大量的临床实践所证实。有资料证实交感神经系统在体表与内脏的联系中具有重要的作用。我们在家兔上以交感神经传出放电、血压及胃运动为指标,观察了针刺不同部位对各种指标所产生的不同的作用,结果表明内脏与体表不同部位之间的联系存在着差异。801|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：本工作用实验的方法去探讨针刺对痛阈作用的空间关系。刺激仪器为57-6电脉冲医疗刺激仪。测痛仪器为弹簧压力测痛器。对象是正常人,电针刺激右三阴交、左合谷,频率为2次/秒。测痛的部位是右上臂外关穴(腕背横纹702|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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