最新刊期
1981年第4期
- 摘要：71例病员均系喉癌患者,其中男性65例,女性6例,有工人、农民,干部和知识分子,以农民为最多。年龄最大者69岁,最小者29岁,以45～60岁者为多。71例中均行全喉摘除术,其中全喉摘除加成形术者16例。方法术前准备:按喉科常规准备,并给病人介绍针麻的优点及各个手术步骤的感觉,解除病员顾虑,术中与医生合作。术前45分钟常规肌注鲁米那0.1克,分泌物较多的病员术前肌注阿托品0.3～0.4毫克。 Total laryngectomy is a complicated operation in the neck region thatcould not be done properly under local anaesthesia.Formerly these opera-tions were done in our hospital under ether anaesthesia.Ether was giventhrough tracheostomy by a canula,but the operative field was much inter-fered both to the anesthesiologist and the surgeon.Furthermore,afterether anaesthesia,cough and other respiratory reflexes were somehow inhibited and retarded the clear-out of the excretion of the lower respira-tory tract and thus facilitated infection.This is why we prefer acupunc-ture anaesthesia for total laryngectomy. The data presented in this paper were from a study of 71 patients suffering from laryngocarcinoma.Total laryngectomies under acupunctur anaesthesia were done on all these patients and additional operations of laryngoplasty were carried out on 16 of them .In 69 out of 71 cases,acu-puncture anaesthesia may be deemed as successful according to the criteria set up in 1975, and among the 69 successful cases,43 cases(61%)may be classified as grade 1, 15 cases(21%)as grade 11, and 11 cases(15%)as grade Ⅲ。 Four different sets of acupuncture loci, i, e.,Hegu and Futu, Simple Futu, Hegu and Xiayifeng,and Hegu and Neiguan have been tested on different patients,but as far as anesthetic effect is concerned,there seems to be no difference .For loci close to the operating fields, the frequency of electrical stimulation ranged from 1一100 Hz and for these far from the operating field, the frequency were of 2-8 Hz.As a rule,0.1 gm of lumi-nal and 1 mg of dolantin per '_;g body weight were given before operation.For nervous patients.5一6 ml of 0.25,procain were applied along the incision line locally and at the time of opening the larynx or trachea,2一4ml of dicaine were sprayed in the trachea in order to prevent coughing. In this paper, the age and profession of the patient, the duration of the operation and the induction period for anaestheesia, blood pressur。and pulse rate二一ere correlated with the effectiveness of acupuncture anaesthesia .It was found that blood pressure and pulse rate of the patient during operation was somehow in relation with the effectiveness of acupuncture anaestheia, while other factors seemed to be unrelated.The blood pressure and pulse rate of most of the effectively anaesthetized Patients usually maintained at a somewhat higher,but stable level, i.e.,varied within 20 mmHg, while in most of the poorly anesthetized patients, their blood pressure and pulse rate varied greatly during operation. In short, the present work suggests that acupuncture anaesthesia seems to be applicable to total laryngectomy and that the blood pressure and pulse rate of the patient during operation may be used as indicatives of the effectiveness of acupuncture anaesthesia.883|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：78年11月至79年11月在针麻下作腹式全子宫切除术63例。同时进行中医辨证及生理生化指标观察.麻醉成功率100%.优良率79.37%.麻醉方法一、穴位:共四对。头针:伏脏中焦透下焦(双),倒脏下焦透中焦(双).体针:次髎(双).五枢透维道(双).二、刺激条件:北航57-6D 针麻仪电脉冲,频率100次/秒,电流强度以病人耐受为度。诱导时间20分钟.Uuder acupuncture anesthesia at the acupoint of modified Ciliao(B1 32), Wushu through Weidao and scalp acupoint Fu Zang Zhongjiao through Xiajiao,63 cases of abdominal hysterectomy were performed under the electric pulse from a 57-5D acupuncture anesthesia instrument.The observa- tion according to the differentiation of symptoms of the Chinese traditional medicine,and the observation of physiological and biochemical data wet ecarri- ed out simultaneously.The anesthesia was successful with an excelletn rate of 79.37%.30 cases among got this 2-5 mW He-Ne laser radiation at Shangji- zhong,Yaoshu and other acupoints for 20 minutes before the induction.The result of anesthesia was apparently raised.The excellent rate was93.23%. Among these 63 cases there were 9 kinds of gynaecologieal diseases. The operations ranged from difficult to easy.The wide range of application indications of acupuncture anesthesia with its less side-effect were observed. The analgesic effect after operation was longer,and 66.7% of these cases did not take drugs.There were further favourable results such as the qui- cker recovery,earlier bowel movement to pass flatus and better wound healing.In 88% cases under traditional Chinese differential diagnostics of 24 hours after operation,the pulse pattern,and the tongue patterns were all recovered to the condition before operation.No one had the complicat- ion of anesthesia.The acupuncture anesthesia added a new method to the anesthesia in gynecological and obstetrical operations. Observation on physiological data:After the acupuncture induction,the blood volume wave of the finger vessels was enlarged,the skin temperature was gradually raised from less than 2.0℃ to 11℃.,which indicated that the blood vessels of the skin were relatively expanded.These phenomena could be related to the rising excitement of parasympathetic nerve system. It was in parallel with the result of the acupuncture anesthesia. The E-Rosette formation rate and immunological serum IgG diffusion test after the induction of acupuncture anesthesia and operation had various- amplitudes of rise in most cases,but the serum IgG and IgM were raised to an ap parently high level after operation(p<0.01).The strengthening of cell immu- nologieal function seemed to be related to the good recovery after operation. The authors realized that the single-needle endurance test was easy to be carried out and the conformation rate of the pre-test was higher. Those who had good results in pre-test were the patients with high basic pain thresholds,and their excellent results of ansthesia could reach up to 96%.In the analysis of various diseases the size of the uterus and tumor,the length of cervix of uterus and the other conditions had no direct relation with the anesthesia effectiveness,but the anesthesia results of the patients with hydatidiform mole and hysteromyoma and of patients with less adhesion and soft pelvic tissue were good:otherwise,the opera- tional skillfulness level of the operator was greatly related to the result of acupuncture anesthesia.Thus the latter three conditions should be the in- dications and main evidence in the case selection.784|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：大量的临床及实验室研究已充分证明,针刺麻醉虽然具有一定的镇痛效应,但仍镇痛不全,为提高针麻的镇痛效果,克服镇痛不全的缺点,我们除术前用综合予测的方法选择适宜针麻的个体外,还应用一些药物麻醉方法来配合针刺麻醉.针麻的镇痛不全可由少量的麻醉药物补足,同时针麻本身的镇痛效应又可减少麻醉药物的用量,因而相应地减少了麻醉药物所引起的生理机能紊乱.我们自1978年起选择针麻效果尚不稳够定的胃大部初除应用针刺复合麻醉方法(下称针麻复合方法)进行临床观察,初步报告如下.The anesthetic effects on subtotal gastrectomy by using acupuncture an- esthesia with“good”(Grade Ⅱ)effect in a group of patient and continuous epidural anesthesia (CEA)in another group were compared. The following indices were chosen as the observed norms,i.e,the rate of average pain,the rate of average referred pain of stomach,the change scales of mean blood pressure and pulse rate,total mean dose of anal- gesic,mean dose of analgesic per hour and the amount of pressor agent to be used. Results:1.With combined acupuncture anesthesia,the analgesic effect was raised to the level corresponding to“good”and“excellent”(Grade Ⅰ)effect of acupuncture anesthesia.The blood pressure and pulse rate were less affected than CEA. 2.In combined acupuncture anesthesia,the total mean dose of analgesic used was decreased more than twice the amount for CEA(P<0.05).The mean dose in an hour decreased nearly one third. 3.In combined acupuncture anesthesia,the amount of various pressor agents used was less than CEA. We propose that such combined anesthetic method be named“Combined acupuncture anesthesia”. For further improving the effect of acupuncture anesthesia and retain- ing its advantages,the use of certain drug to overcome the incompleteness of its analgesic effect is a subject worthy to be discussed and investiga- ted. These observed norms in this report provied a new objective method to estimate the anesthetic effect of clinical acupuncture anesthesia.782|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在我们已往的工作中,曾观察到针麻胃大部切除手术病人及狗实验模型上,血中反映交感神经机能状态的多巴胺β-羟化酶活性降低,手术器官组织肾上腺素能神经纤维去甲肾上腺素释放减少。血中游离5-羟色胺含量减少。在中枢神经系统、中脑、桥脑、延脑等脑区内,5-羟色胺的含量有所升高,去甲肾上腺素有所降低。近几年来,随着国外关于内源性吗啡样物质的发现,在针刺镇痛原理的研究中,也报导脑脊液中内源性吗啡样物质的含量有所增加。由于这些物质都是通过细胞表面的特殊受体而影响细胞内 cAMP 的含量,也This communication reports the content of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic mon- ophosphate,guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate and methionine enkepha- lin in nine areas of the rat brain under basal conditions.The 9 areas are the hypothalamus,the corpus striatum,the medulla,the pons,the hippo- campus,the cerebral cortex,the thalamus,the middle brain and the cere- bellum.The rat brain was fixed with microwave radiation;adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate,guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate and me- thionine enkephalin in each brain area were determined with either protein binding assay or radioimmunoassay.A tritiated tracer was used for the calculation of the total recoveries of the studied compounds.On a wet tissus weight basis,among the nine areas examined,the thalamus,the middle brain and the cerebellum have higher contents of adenosine 3′,5′- cyclic monophosphate,while the cerebellum,the medulla,the pons and the middle brain have higher contents of guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monopho- sphate.The content of methionine enkephalin is higher in the corpus striatum,the thalamus and the hypothalamus.The difference of contents of each compound among the area of brain has been statistically analyz- ed.1067|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们以往的实验表明,脑内5-羟色胺能神经原系统是实现唇针镇痛的必要条件。破坏或减弱这个系统的神经传递,唇针的镇痛效应降低;相反,激活或加强这个系统的神经传递,则唇针的镇痛效应升高.同时也有资料提示,脑内去甲肾上腺素能神经原系统对针刺镇痛可能起着某种拮抗作用.此外,近年来的形态研究资料表明,在5-羟色胺能神经原胞体主要集中的中缝背核和去甲肾上腺素能神经原胞体主要集中的蓝斑之间有相互的神经支配。为了进一步探讨这两个递质系统在唇针镇痛中的作用,我们用生理学方法,以不同的组合方式损毁和/或刺激中缝背核和蓝斑,观察其对唇针镇痛的影响.It has been demonstrated in our laboratory thatraphe serotonergic neu- ronal system plays an important role in lip-acupuncture analgesia(LAA), Midbrain raphe lesion or pCPA administration could decrease LAA;on the contrary,raphe stimulation or 5-HT intraventricular injection resulted in enhancement of LAA.There are also evidences that coerulo-noradrenergic neuronal system can affect acupuncture analgesia.Furthermore,recently it has been known that reciprocal innervations exist between raphe dorsalis (RD)and locus coeruleus(LC).In this communication the interaction between RD and LCin lip-acupuncture analgesia was studied in rats by lesion and/or stimulation of these nuclei in various combinations. Methods of lip-acupuncture,pain threshold measurement,brain lesion and brain stimulation have been described previously(Zhonghua Yixue Zazhi, 1979,59(9):534-538). 1.Bilateral LC iesion+RD stimulation: LAA was decreased 3 days after LC lesion(from prelesion value 138% to 84%)and increased significantly to 221%(P<0.01)by subsequent RD stimulation. 2.RD lesion+unilateral LC stimulation: Seven days after RD lesion LAA was decreased significantly(P<0.01) from prelesion value 317% to 97%,and increased to 143% by subsequent LC stimulation. 3.Bilateral LC lesion+RD lesion simultaneously: Three and Seven days after simultaneous lesions of these nuclei LAA was decreased significantly from prelesion value 277% to 146%(P<0.05)and 97% (P<0.01)respectively. 4.RD lesion followed by bilateral LC lesion: Three days after RD lesion LAA was decreased significantly(P<0.05) from prelesion value 237% to 51%.No further significant effect on LAA was obser red after the following LC lesion(107%). 5.Bilateral LC lesion followed by RD lesion: Three days after LC lesion LAA was decreased significantly(P<0.05) from prelesion value 168% to 81%.No further significant effect on LAA was observed after the following RD lesion(29%). There were no significant variations in LAA in corresponding sham-opera- ted control groups. From the above-mentioned experiments it is evident that LAA decreases after RD or LC lesion,and increases after RD or LC stimulatlon,and that no reciprocal antagonistic interaction exists between these nuclei in LAA.It is suggested that lip-acupuncture may activate both descending raphe-spinal serotonergic and coerulo-spinal noradrenergic systems which,in turn,inhibit nociceptive neurotransmission at spinal level.The possibilities of the effects of ascending projections from these two nuclei on pain-integrating function at higher centers,and of the involvement of enkephalin in LAA can not be excluded.1020|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：国内外有关针刺、电刺激脑及吗啡镇痛的研究都指出第Ⅲ脑室尾端侧壁灰质及导水管周围灰质(PAG)是镇痛的有效部位。关于 PAG 已有深入的研究,而第Ⅲ脑室尾端侧壁灰质方面报道较少,迄今未见电生理研究的资料。本工作直接观察电针过程中第Ⅲ脑室尾端侧壁灰质(下丘脑室周核,hpv)神经元活动的变化,与其紧邻下丘脑后核(hp)的反应相比较,并初步分析其机制.The influences of electro-acupuncture(EA)on spontaneous unit dis- charges of nucleus periventricularis hypothalami(hpv)and the adjacent nucleus posterior hypothalami(hp)were observed.The discharge rate of the majority of hpv neurons was increased during EA and decreased imme- diately after EA,while this predominating response did not occur in hp, thus indicating that the response of the hpv neurons was specific.This study also showed the diphasic effect(excitation followed by inhibition) of EA on hpv neurons could be completely reversed by naloxone(0.1mg/kg i.v.).Morphine(1mg/kg i.v.)had a similar diphasic action on hpv neurons. These results indicated that the effect of EA might be conducted through releasing endogenous opiate-like substance which acted on the opiate re- ceptors in hpv neurons.881|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们曾经报告,给大鼠反复、间断电针可以使针效逐渐下降以至消失,即产生电针耐受。本工作进一步证明,应用持续长时间电针,也可引起大鼠电针耐受.并观察了持续电针所致耐受发生、发展和恢复的规律及其与吗啡的交叉耐受现象.方法【测痛和电针】实验用160～220克雌性大鼠,固定于特制固定器内,以辐射热-甩尾法进行测痛,实验开始时连续测痛三次,每次间隔5分钟,取三次测痛的均值为基础痛阈。电针穴位取双侧“足三里”和“三阴交”,以国产57-6型电针仪给予疏密式脉The course of development and disappearance of tolerance to continuous electroacupuncture(EA)was studied in rats. 1.Development of AT in continuous EA:It was found that EA(2- 15Hz,3v)for 10 min brought about an increase of tail flick latency by 133+8%(mean+SEM).However there was a gradual decrease in EA effect following prolonged EA stimulation,indicating that continuous EA would induce acupuncture tolerance(AT).Increasing the intensity of EA from 3v to 6v and 9v,the EA effect on the AT rats was still muchlower than the corresponding values in control group.After the cessation of 6h EA sti- mulation the rats were found to resume their original EA effect in 32 hours. 2.The effect of AT on morphine analgesia:The results of giving a testing dose of morphine(6mg/kg,s.c.)to AT rats indicated that the anal- gesic effect of morphine decreased along with the development of AT and then recovered along with the recovery of E.A.analgesia.The relation between morphine analgesia(Y)and EA analgesia(X)could be described in a regr- ession equation:Y=0.57X+41.7, r=0.93, p<0.01 3.The effect ot MT on EA analgesia:EA(3v,10 min)was applied to MT (Morphine Telerarnce)rats.The results showed that the analgesic effect of EA decreased along with the development of MT and recovered along with the reco- very of morphine analgesia.A positive correlation was found between EA an- algesia(Y)and morphine analgesia(X)(Y=0.85X+22.9,r=0.97,p<0.01). Compared with the intermittent EA,continuous EA will lead to the development of AT in a shorter period and to a deeper extent.The bidirec- tional partial cross tolerance between EA analgesia and morphine analgesia suggests a similar,although not identical,underlying mechanism between these effects.1124|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：本世纪七十年代初,Simon,Pert和 Terenius 三个实验室分别独立地确定在体内特别是中枢神经系统内存在着特异的阿片受体。随后,Hughes 等成功地从猪脑中分离提取出两种具有阿片活性的五肽—甲硫-脑啡肽和亮-脑啡肽。在此以后,人们又从垂体中发现了阿片活性更强的β-内啡肽和强啡肽。这些内源性阿片样物质(OLS)的发现,为疼痛生理之研究打开了新的突破口.1975年,Mayer 等首次报告了静脉内注射特异的阿片受体阻断剂纳络酮可以翻转针刺的镇痛作用.这就提示在针刺镇痛的机制中可能有 OLS 参与,但尚不能明确在OLS 这一族化合物中哪一个具体组分在发挥作用.The finding that acupuncture analgesia could be blocked by naloxone, the stereospecific antagonist of opiate receptors,provided ample evidence for the participation of endogenous opiate-like substances(OLS)in medi- ating the effect of acupuncture analgesia.However it gave no clue as to which member of the OLS family was actually involved. Taking the advantages of the high specificity of antibody-antigen bin- ding,we have injected the IgG fraction of the rabbit antiserum against human β-endorphin(β-EP IgG)into the periaqueductal grey(PAG)or the subara- ehnoid space of the lumbar spinal cord to see its effect on electroacupunc- ture(EA)analgesia and morphine analgesia. Rabbits were equipped with stainless steel cannulae of o.d.0.7mm directed to both sides of the PAG,or with PE-10 tubing indwelled via foramen magnum down to L 3-4.At least one week was allowed for reco- very from surgical operation.The site of injection was verified by eryostat sections at the termination of the experiment. For intra-PAG injection the total volume used was 4μl to be finished within 8 minutes,containing normal serum IgG(15μg),β-EP IgG(15μg)or β-EP(5μg).For intrathecal injection:70μl was injected within 3 minutes, containing normal serum IgG(30μg),β-Ep IgG(45μg)or β-EP(30μg).EA of 2-15Hz,1V for 10 minutes was given 10 minutes after the starting of the microinjection and the effect of EA analgesia was determined by the per cent change of the pain threshold as asessed by the latency of the avoidence reaction induced by the radiant heat applied on the skin over the muzzle or the tail.In some experiments morphine HCl,4mg/kg,was injected i.v.instead of EA stimulation.Serum preparations were provided by Professor L.Terenius and R.Folkesson,Uppsala University,Sweden shipped in pairs with one antiserum and one control serum in coded man- ner.The code was brocken when the experiment was finished.Eight to 12 rabbits were used for each expsrimental group. The results of the experiments showed that intra-PAG injection of 5 and 15μg of β-EP IgG attenuated the effect of EA analgesia by 20 and 55%(P<0.01).Intrathecal injection of 45μg of β-EP IgG,however,exhi- bited no significant effect on EA analgesia whether it was assessed on the head or on the tail region.The analgesic effect of morphine was not sign- ificantly affected by micr0injection of β-EP IgG into PAG or spinal cord. microinijection of 5μg of β-EP into PAG increased the pain threshold by 820%,an effect comparable to that of 10μg of morphine.However,no significant change on the pain threshold of the head or the tail was en- countered after intrathecal injection of 30μg of β-Ep,which was 6 times as big as the dose effective in PAG area. The data indicate that immuno-reactive β-EP is an important mediator for EA analgesia in PAG area,but not in the spinal cord.In compatible with this is the finding that no β-Ep was found in the spinal cord as de- tected by radioimmunoassay or immunohistochemical examinations.972|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：前列腺素(PGS)在哺乳动物各组织有广泛的分布,它是一个具有广谱的生物活性物质。一般认为,PGE 对中枢神经系统有抑制的功能。有人发现于猴、猫、大鼠腹腔内注入 PGE 能产生镇静、镇定效应,以及减少条件防御反射与对抗电或化学引起的惊厥作用。但最近有人报告脑室注入PGE_1有抗损伤效应,并可加强吗啡镇痛。我们在针麻手术病人身上曾观察到血浆PGE 水平与针麻效果有一定的关系,针麻效果好者(Ⅰ级),血浆 PGE 含量诱导后比针前高,术中继续升高;针麻效果差者(Ⅲ级),诱导后,术中血浆 PGE 含量不One-third of 40 rats under acupuncture showed analgesic effects.This individual variation of analgesic effects could be identified repeatedly.In part of the another two-thirds in which the analgesic effect had not been induced by acupuncture,intracerebroventricular administration of PGE_2 or PGE_1 potentiated the acupuncture analgesic effects.While in 10 rats the significant analgesic effect remarkably inhibited by intracerebroventricular administration of paracetamol.These findings indicate that endogenous PGS in brain might play some role in acupuncture analgesia.846|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：关于祖国医学经络学说,近年来从临床到实验室工作开展了广泛深入的研究,取得了很大的进展.最近有人提出了针刺、针麻、磁疗和其他激动剂的作用机制,可能同是影响丁存在于机体内神经介质、活性物质及其酶系统关系的假说.为了继承和发掘祖国的医学遗产,探讨和研究针疗、磁疗原理以及为治疗有机磷杀虫药剂中毒寻找简便易行,疗效好的新方法,根据我们现有的条件和水平,几年来我们在观察了磁场对家兔血液胆碱酯酶影响的同时,还探讨了电针对敌百虫中毒家兔的治疗作用,从实验中两者取得了基本一致的结果。从而使我们认为研究和探讨祖国医学经络学说的实质,体液因素的确是一个不可忽视的重要问题.Some experimental data for studying theoretically the Channels and collaterals,and for treating the poisoning by organic phosphate are presen- ted. 1.43 rabbits were infected intramuscularly with Dipterex in a dosage of 340mg/kg.15-20 minutes after injection,toxic reactions appeared,simi- liarly to those found in human cases. 2.The poisoning with Dipterex widely inhibited cholinesterase of the whole body in rabbits,and a series of lasting symptoms and signs of excita- tion of cholinergic fibers were observed.As a result,16 of 20 poisoned rabbits died of respiratory failure. 3.Rabbits poisoned by organic phosphate might be treated with electro- acupuncture,acupuncture-moxibustion and magnetic field on certain points. The possible mechanism may be as follows: The stimulation of the above treatment may activate the cholinesterase in the apillaries which run through the points and in the surrounding tiss- ues.Through the blood circulation it is carried to the points and activated or intensified incessantly.As a result,the activity of the blood cholines- terase may increase markedly. The stimulation of the same treatment may reduce the release of ace- thylcholine from the brain,the spinal cord,the nerve endings and the neuromuscular joints,and greatly increase the content of acethylcholine in them,so that a new ballance between the acethylcholine and the cholinest- erase can be reestablished. 4.The effect of electro-acupuncture or manual needling and that of magnetic field on blood cholinesterase is somewhat different.It is not easily to develop tolerance to the former for its high frequency,so it hasahigher effect than that of magnetic field. 5.The treatments of electro-acupuncture,and magnetic field for the poisoned rabbits by Dipterex are easily carried out with better results and no side effects.755|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：临床实践和实验性研究表明:颜面部针刺具有镇痛、抑制内脏牵拉反应和调整内脏功能等特点.当切断和封闭三叉神经(第二支)时,此类效应明显减弱或消失,它提示颜面部针刺镇痛和调整内脏效应是通过三叉神经传入中枢的.文献记载,颜面部痛觉与三叉神经尾侧脊束核有关。我们也曾部分损坏家兔的三叉神经尾侧脊束核,观察过在此核损坏前、后的针刺镇痛效应和内脏调整效应,结果显示:颜面部针刺镇痛和针刺对内脏调整效应有可能通过不同途径传至不同的中枢部位.因而,进一步研究三叉神经一级传入纤Following the total or partial transection of the trigeminalroot in the rabbit and the lesion of the trigeminal semilunar ganglion in the cat,the central trigeminal projections were studied by the anterograde degenerat- ing method.The degenerating fibers were distributed into the trigeminal root.the ascending and descending fasicles,the trigeminal spinal and principal sensory nucleus.The projections of the three peripheral trigem- inal branches were arranged in dorsoventral order in the root,fasicles. spinal and principal sensory nucleus as described in previous studies. In addition,the trigeminal primary afferent fibers also project into the solitary nucleus,the commissural nucleus of the vagus,the dorsolate- ral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata and into the posterolate- ral funiculus and the posterior horn of the upper 3 cervical segments of the spinal cord.A few of the degenerating fibers were found in the locus coeruleus,the nucleus raphe magnus,and the nucleus cuneatus lateralis. Finally.the functional significance of the trigeminal primary projec- tions to the spinal caudal trigeminal nucleus,the solitary nucleus and the medullary reticular formation in the acupuncture analgesia and in relieving visceral-pulling response was discussed.965|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：辐射场摄影术早在1939年就已有人提出,但没有引人注意.直至最近几年,由于针刺麻醉手术的开展,辐射场摄影术也就随之而得到了开展.关于辐射场摄影术的成象机制和利用价值,目前说法不一,有的认为“它为揭示生命活动的奥秘而开辟了一条崭新的途径”,有的则认为它不过是一种普遍电晕放电现象而已.我们为了针麻科研的需要,在1976年和1977年对辐射场摄影术进行了一系列的实验.使用了三种不同的发生器装置,观察了辐射场的频率从100KC 至106KC 对电晕成象的影响.用普通玻璃、有机玻璃、胶片、棉织品作为电介质绝缘体对大白鼠和人体摄制过照片700余张,同时制成简易透明电极,在本院新医科和麻醉科的协助下,连续观察Results of the present experiment have shown that the pictures obtained from the corona-discharging radiation field were thus produced mostly due to the influence of sweating of the subject and the environmental humidi- ty on the photo films.Such pictures,consequently,cannot be adopted as a dependable means for diagnosing diseases,though they are useful for the study of human body perspiration.533|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：前言在中枢神经系统中,信息的传递、各种功能的完成,最主要的是依靠神经元之间在突触处释放神经介质而实现。在本世纪60年代,仅有乙酰胆硷、去甲肾上腺素和5-羟色胺等被公认为是神经介质。其后,人们认识到许多氨基酸如γ-氨基丁酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸等,也可起神经介质的作用。近几年在神经科学领域的一个重要突破就是人们发现多种肽类物质可能是中枢的神经介质或神经调质,从而使有可能作为神经介质的化合物数目达到几十种。方法学也有了飞跃的发展,其中免疫学方面的进展尤为迅速。799|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：APUD 概念是由英国学者皮尔斯(A.G.E.Pearse)于1968年提出的,这一概念是指机体内有一群分布广泛的细胞,它具有摄取胺的前质并通过脱羧作用,生成多种具有生物活性的物质,故称 APUD(全称为 Amine Precursor Uptake and Decarboxylation)。这一概念的形成具有一段较长的过程,在此不多赘述。1968年,皮尔斯对 APUD 细胞所在的器官、来源及其分泌物(表1)的分析中可以看出,这些细胞有的分布于内分泌腺,有的则分布于非内分泌的器官或组织。到1969年,APUD 细胞由原来的8种发展为14种细胞。近年来由于实验胚胎学的发展,从而建立了六或七项 APUD 系列。它们都是来自神经脊.这些细胞均具有Since the APUD concept is suggested by A.G.E.Pearse in 1968.the related investigation has made a lot of progress.This concept is of great importance theoretically and practically in endocrinological,neuroendoc- rinological and turnout pathological studies.This is a brief introduction of the APUD concept,which is developing continuously.617|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：应用免疫细胞化学,我们曾研究针刺对大鼠脊髓内 P 物质和甲硫氨酸脑啡肽的作用。由于这些肽类牵涉到脊髓痛的传导过程。亦即 P 物质在感受伤害中起作用;鸦片受体立体特异性结合的脑啡肽具有镇痛的作用。我们应用大鼠研究的资料表明:针刺就像应用吗啡那样,可使脊髓后角胶状质神经元内的 P 物质增加。而针刺后甲硫氨酸脑啡肽根据抗血清的不同而出现不同程度的降低,我们理解为:针刺可使鸦片样肽、脑啡肽释放,阻滞也可邻近的突起梢 P 物质的释放,根据现行脊髓痛觉传导过程的假说,脑啡肽神经元可与 P 物质神经元的末Using immunocytochemistry,we have investigated the effect of acu- puncture on substance P and rnethionine enkephalins in the rat spinal cord.These peptides are thought to be involved in spinal pain processing. That is,substance P has a role in nociception,and the enkephalins, which bind stereospecifically to opiate receptors,have a role in analgesia. Using rats,our data indicate that acupuncture,like morphine treatment, results in the increase of intraneuronal substance P in the substantia gelatinosa of the dorsal spinal cord.Whereas methionine enkephalin shows variable reductions depending on the antisera species.We have interpreted our data to mean that acupuncture may cause the release of the opiod peptide enkephalin,and may also block the release of substance P from near processes.According to current hypotheses of spinal pain pro- cessing,enlkephalin neurons may synapse with the preterminal endings of substance P neurons and thereby regulate the release of the latter thro- ugh an interaction with the opiate receptor.Therefore,it is conceivable that acupuncture first causes the release of enkephalin which subsequently blocks the release of substance P(SP) by binding to the preterminal opiate receptors on SP afferents.1015|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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