最新刊期
1983年第3期
- 摘要：1979年第一届全国针灸针麻学术讨论会影响很大,震动了全世界。以后世界各地又召开过几次国际性的针灸学术会议,但他们都希望我国能出面主持召开这样的学术会议。现经国务院批准将于1984年8月7-10日在北京召开第二届全国针灸、针麻学术讨论会。届时将有国内外专家、学者一千余人出席参加会议。国内学者将在会上报告的论文有550余篇,大会欢825|25|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：资料表明,神经因素参与心律失常的发生,针刺可以调节植物性神经系统从而调节心脏的机能,针刺纠正心律失常的作用主要是通过调节神经系统的活动而实现。文中初步分析了针刺纠正心律失常的具体途径。1030|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：关于针刺麻醉或药物麻醉对机体的防卫免疫系统的影响国内外屡有报道。Mclean等(1975)指出,在术后感染发生中,无论在发病率或发病的严重程度方面,病人的免疫状态起主要作用。因此,采用合理的麻醉方法对于提高镇痛效果与减少术后感染并发症具有重要意义。药麻手术后感染并发症的发病率相当高,根据1964年的综合统计资料,创口感染占全部术后创口的7.5％。和指出,大约1/3手术病人术后发生化脓性感染并发It has been demonstrated in the data that the anesthesia agents could impair the function of the immune system of the organism with depression of the cellular and humoral immunity and result in an increase in the fre- quency of infection after the operation under drug anesthesia. On the contrary, the effect of acupuncture might play a role of active defence mo- bilization, accounting for an increased enumeration of the leucocytes, the enhanced phagocytosis and activation of the reticulo endothelial system. The E rosette forming cells and the lymphocyte transformation were in- creased after acupuncture. Besides, it has been reported in a few data that the humoral immunity was enhanced with the augmented production of the immunoglobulins. It has been shown in clinic that a combine of acupuncture with drug anesthesia might relieve the harmful influence of the anesthesic agents on the organism and be beneficial to the post operative recovery in the pa- tients with a lesser extent of depression in immune system and a lesser frequency of the postoperative infectious complications. Meanwhile, the combined one could give an analgesic effect, overcoming the dysfunction of analgesia caused by the way of acupuncture anesthesia alone and creating a better condition under which the operations were performed. Thence, the combined acupuncture anaesthesia is one of the anaesthetic methods being worth spread of application.736|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：艾灸至阴穴矫正常胎位,过去已有大量的临床报导,均认为有一定疗效。然而,在产科临床实践中,发现有些孕妇的胎位异常,不经任何处理,也可自然回转成正常胎位。因此,在艾灸后胎位被矫正的病例中,就可能包含有一部分胎位自然转正的病例。胎位自然回转率究竟有多高,艾灸后的胎位转正病例数中自然转正者约占多少,国内尚未见这方面的报导。为此,我们对艾灸转胎率与胎儿自然回转率作了对比观察,以期进一步说明艾灸至阴穴对矫正胎位的实际价值。对象与方法一、对象凡是妊娠28～32周,无病理情况的臀位孕妇,均列为观察对象。随机将1. A comparative observation between success rate of correcting fetal position by moxibustion and spontaneous conversion rate The purpose of the present study was further to investigate the spo- taneous conversion rate (the rate of spontaneous conversion to cephalic) and evaluate the real value of correctiong fetal abnormal position by Moxi- bustion. For this purpose, 482 of patients with breech presentation at 28- 32 weeks' gestation were randomized to either Moxibustion group or con- trol group. Both of them were treated or observed for 7 days. Version by Moxibustion was successful in 188 of 244 patients in one course of trea- tment. Success rate was 77.04%. of 238 control fetuses, 123 converted spontaneously to cephalic. Spontaneous conversion rate was 51.68%. There were significant differences betweed these two groups (X2=33.8628, P< 0.01). It indicates that Moxibustin can prompt the version. Both Jiangxi and Shanghai groups found that the fetuses can return to breech presentation after successful version by Moxibustion or spontaneo- usly. Twenty-two of 157 fetuses succeeded in conversion in Moxibustion group returned to breech Presentation. The reversion rate was 14.02%. of 103 fetuses who converted spontaneously to cephalic, 21 returned to their original position. The reversion rate was 20.38%. There is no signi- ficant differences between these two groups. Jiangxi group found that 14 of 61 fetuses succeeded in spontaneou con- version in control group returned to breech, but 12 of them converted to cephalic by Moxibustion again. In 49 of 50 patients (6 patients Were not included because of failing to follow up) who persisted as breech presen- rations in control group version was accomplished by Moxibustion. Of 93 fetuses who succeeded in version by Moxibustion, 10 fetuses returned to br- eech and then converted to vertex by Moxibustion again. Of 74 fetuses who returned to breech after successful conversion by Moxibustion and failed spontaneous conversion 71 fetuses converted to vertex by Moxibustion again. The success rate was 95.95%. The Present data indicate that a certain number of fetuses with breech presentation can converted spontaneously to cephalic during pregnancy, but not all of such fetuses can converted. Some fetuses succeeded in version may returned to breech prior to the onset of labor. These fetuses who re- turned to their original position and failed spontaneous conversion may obtain a satisfactory correcting effect by Moxibustion again. This tact further demonstrates that a definite effect in correcting fetal position can be produced and the incidence of breech Presentation at delivery can be markedly reduced by Moxibustion to Zhiyin Points.823|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：迄今累计行针麻剖腹产术193例,针麻成功率达95.85％,优良率为83.42％,现将有关临床资料分析报告如下: 麻醉方法一、穴位处方: 1.人中,承浆,切口旁针(双)。 2.三阴交(双),外麻点(双),切口旁针(双)。 3.脊中,腰俞,次谬(双),带脉(双)。 4.其他。二、刺激量: 均采用电脉冲连续波刺激。脉冲频率:三阴交,外麻点,120次/分,人中,承浆,2.000～50,000次/分,切口旁针,或带脉,4,8000次/分,脊中,腰俞,次髎,50,000-100,000次/分。诱导时间为20～30分钟。651|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：支配胃的副交感节前纤维是迷走神经的一部分。关于迷走神经内脏运动节前纤维的起源问题一般均认为是起源于迷走神经运动背核。这是Marinesco首先提出的。以后经Molhant,Husten,Getz,Bell等人用核外染色质溶解的方法证实了。但目前对这一问题仍有很多争论,主要认为这些学者们所采用的研究方法本身是并不十分Up to now, the problem of the origin of the parasympathetic pregan- glia fibers of stomach is still at issue. Somebody considered that the pre- ganglia fibers of visceral motor of vagal nerve originated in the nodal ganglion; some considered that the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus did not innervate the visceral smooth muscle, and some suggested that stomach was innervated doubly by the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus and the medialis nuclei of tractus solitarii. Thus, We think that it is necessary to further study the origin of the parasympathetic preganglia fibers of the stomach. 24 rabbits were used in this study. 80-100ul of 10% HRP, dissolved in 0.9% saline, were injected into the tunica muscularis of the stomach of rabbits. Among them, 6 were injected in the anterior wall of stomach. 6 in the posterior wall, 6 in the cardiac pars and 6 in the pyloric pars. After a survival period of 5 days the animals were intracardially perfused with 2% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer (PH7.2-7.4). The medulla were removed and cut serially at 40μm on a freezing microtome. The sections were divided into two parts and treated with 3', 3, diamino- benziue (D.A.B) and benzindine hydrochloride (B.D.H.C) separately. Sections were conterstained with neutral red. The HRP labelled cells were found within the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus in the present study. The projective area of stomach is situated in the supra-middle part of these nucle, close to medialis, the marked level of obex from above the obex 2-3 mm to below the obex 1-2mm, totally about 4-5mm cephalocaudally. most of these cells, nearly 93% of the total labelled cells, are small ones. The four different parts of the stomach, anterior wall, posterior wall, cardiac and pyloric pars, do not occupy specific location within the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus. In the present study the HRP labelled cells were only found within the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus, but the HRP labelled cells were not seen in the medialis nuclei of tractus solitarii. This study shows that the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus join to adjust the functional activity of the stomach Our previous study showed the connection of the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus with the sensory fibers of trigeminal nerve, Therefore, the inhibition of the stretch reaction of stomach is completed by the dorsal motor nuclei of vagus when the facial point are accurpunctured.874|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：国内许多资料认为神经系统是针感反应的物质基础,也有认为针感的产生与血管有一定的关系。我们用儿茶酚胺荧光和胆碱酯酶组织化学方法观察了皮下组织中小血管周旁大量神经分布,对它们做了定性和相互关系的研究,曾提出过用这些方法所反映出的神经和经络实质,针刺原理的关系。国内外都有资料强调针刺针麻效应都产生于穴位深部组织,多在肢体肌肉内。因此观察骨骼肌,关节囊等深部组织神经分布就很必要,我们特别重视了与血管有关的神经。材料和方法The innervation of rat skeletal muscle, profound fascia, intermuscular connective tissue and joint capsules were studied by means of histochemi- cal techniques for the separate and consecutive demonstration of choline- sterase(ChE)and catecholamine fluorescence. Both the adrenergic or cholinergic nerves surrounding the resistance vessels of these tissues. All these vessels were showed dual innervation. It has been known that sympathetic cholinergic system innervated the arteries of skeletal muscle only. In our experiment of stretched preparation of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous or profound fascia, the sympathetic cholinergic nerve termi nals were also accompanied with the same arteriole supplying both skele- tal muscle and subcutaneous or profound fascia. As iso-OMPA was not added in ChE incubated medium, ChE-positive nerves and their axonal terminals, i. e. free nerve endings, were ob- served in skeletal muscle, profound fascia, intermuscular connective tis- sues and joint capsule. A lot of free nerve endings are present in these tissues, especially in skeletal muscle. The significance of the presence nature of these free nerve endings in the afferent nerve conduction of muscle was discussed.831|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：全身注射纳洛酮可阻断电针镇痛作用,说明内源性吗啡样物质参与针刺镇痛,进而我们又在脊髓背角伤害感受神经元胞体附近微电泳导入纳洛酮可以明显阻断电针对脊髓背角伤害性反应的抑制效应,进一步说明脊髓水平脑啡肽参与电针阻抑痛信息的传递。脊髓是外周各种传入冲动进入中枢的第一站,在此初步加工过程中,受着来自脊上水平的下行性调控。以往工作毁损中缝大核(NRM)可减弱针刺镇痛效应,电针穴位可激活中缝大核,电刺激模拟激活可产生与针刺穴位相似的明显镇痛效应,而此效应可被全身注射纳洛酮所阻断说明5-HT能下In present study the effect of iontophoretically applied naloxone on nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) stimulation produced inhibition on nocicep- tive response in spinal cord was observed for further investigating the mechanism of serotoninergic descending inhibitory pathway in blocking transmission of nociceptive informetion. Experiments were performed on 35 adult cats immobilized with galla- mine. The unit activity was extracellularly recorded and its response to saphenous stimulation was obsered. Both nociceptive and non-nociceptive response in spinal cord were in- hibited by stimulation of NRM (including nucleus reticular magnocellu- laris), however the former was far more inhibited than the later(P< 0.001). The NRM stimulation produced inhibition on nociceptive response was significantly(P<0.01)blocked by pre-treatment with iontophoretic nalo- xone, but it was slightly (P>0.05) blocked by iontophoretic methyser- gide. It was similar to the acupuncture effect which was also blocked by iontophoretic naloxone. These results suggest that endogenous opiate-like substance may play an important role in NRM stimulation producing inhibition on nociceptive response in spinal cord. It might be considered as an important mechanism in acupuncture analgesia. As the role of serotonin was uncertain, it re- mains to be studied.1088|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：不少实验研究证明,刺激牙髓所诱发的张颌反射(Jaw-opening Reflex)与动物的痛行为反应有平行的关系。电针对这种反射有明确的抑制作用,并视为针刺镇痛的客观标志。在电针的作用下,其他脑干神经反射,如眼面肌反射,是否也同样受到抑制?至今尚无定论。为了进一步阐明这个问题,我们在动物身上进行了探讨,兹将实验结果介绍如下。方法实验在22只家兔身上进行,雌雄不拘,体重在2～3公斤之间。静脉注射25％的脲酯溶液(4毫升/公斤),以维持动物于浅麻醉状态下。在12只动物中,分离并切断左侧815|28|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：丘脑是多种特异感觉的投射区。曾有人认为,丘脑是痛觉产生的重要结构基础。近年来有不少文献报道,丘脑后核(PO)与躯体痛觉的关系密切,但对PO与内脏痛觉的关系的报道却很少。内脏信息可通过迷走神经内脏大神经、盆神经以及其他分布于内脏的神经中的传人纤维传入中枢。但大多数人认为,内脏痛觉主要由内脏大神经中的传入纤维传导。关于内脏大神经传入纤维向丘脑的投射,很早就有人研究。1958年MeLeod报道了内脏大神经传入路在猫丘脑后腹核(VPL与VPM核)中存在代表区,其后于1972年Langenstein又发表了类似的报道,相继肯定了后腹核为内脏大神经传入路的丘脑代The thalamus is a part projected by many kinds of special sensation. Recently, a lot of literature reported that PO nucleus of the thalamus has close relation with pain sensation, but scarcely any materials concerning the function of PO on visceral pain were reported. Experiments were performed on 41 adult cats(2.0-3.9Kg body weight). After anaesthetized lightly with chloralose (60mg/Kg) intravenously, splanchnic nerve was separated extraperitoneally. The skull of the cat was fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus. The surface of the cerebrum was revealed in small area and sealed with agar. We drained the fourth ventricle to keep the cerebrospinal pressure stable. The cats were immobilized With flaxedil and the experiments were carried out under the condition of artificial re- spiration. By means of the stereotaxic apparatus a glass microelectrode (1-μ)was implanted into the PO nucleus of the thalamus. After ligating the efferent end of the splanchnic nerve, it was stimula- ted eith much stronger electric impulse to cause visceral pain. We found out 77 units which showed evoked discharges by stimulating the splanchnic nerve. Two clusters of discharges were found in 40 units of them and three clusters in ll of the total(77). The latent period of the Ist cluster of discharges is 43.4±8.0 msec and the 2nd and the 3rd ones are 257±53 msec, 402±33.5 msec respectively. Either the pattern or the latent period of the discharges are quite dif- ferent from those studied by McLeod and Langenstein in VPL of the thal- amus. Therefore we suppose that PO nucleus might be one of two represent- ative areas of the splanchnic afferent path and it has relations with visc- eral sensation except somatic. Some inhibitory units were also seen in PO. The spontaneous dischar- ges of the neurons decrease and even cease as the splanchnic nerve is sti- mulated. The role of this inhibitory phenomenon requires further study.972|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：It has been previously observed that analgesic effects of electroacupunc-ture(EA)with sine wave 10, 000Hz or with loose and dense pulse wave 14strains/min(corresponding to 25.5Hz)of G6805 stimulator closely cor-relate with central serotonergic system. The present experiment adop-ted naloxone(a morphine antagonist)and haloperidol(a blocker of dopa-662|21|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在以前的工作中,我们曾发现头痛患者在针刺或经络治疗后,血浆多巴胺-β-羟化酶(DβH)活性受到相对抑制者,其疗效好。由于DβH是去甲肾上腺素合成过程中的最后一个合成酶,当交感神经受到刺激后,它与去甲肾上腺素呈比例由交感神经末梢释出,因而提出针刺治疗头痛的疗效可能与交感神经系统的调整有关。而针刺释镇痛是否也有外周胆碱能神经介质参与,这方面的工作少,且结果不一。众所周知,乙酰胆碱(ACh)是在胆碱酯酶的作用下,水解成胆碱和乙酸而失活;因之,测定外周血中,尤其是红血球的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE,真性或特异性胆碱酯酶),在一定程度上可用以作为反映外周胆碱能神经介质活动的指标。而有关针刺治疗头痛,对红血球AChEIt has been shown in acupuncture practice that it is more effective in patients with moderate inhibition of sympathetic nervous activities after acupuncture. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the role of periph- eral cholinergic nervous system in the process of electroacupuncture. The cholinesterase activity (ACHE) in erythrocytes was measured before and after electroacupuncture in patients with headache by the methods of El- lsman and Lewis with some modifications. Recorded at the same time was the microcirculation of finger nailfolds. In 53 cases treated with electroacupuncture, the effectiveness in 45 was favorable and 8 unfavorable. The AChE activity decreased after elec- troacupuncture in most favorable cases (75%), but increased in most of unfavorable cases (62%). The mean decrease of AChE activity in favo- rable cases was statistically significant (p<0.001)but the mean increase in unfavorable cases was not significant. The mean velocity of microcirculation in finger nailfolds in patients with favorable effects after needling was significantly faster than before needling. The experiment suggests that probably the peripheral parasympathetic nervous system participates to some extent in the analgesic effects of elec- troacupuncture in the headache patients.898|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：脑新肽是我们从人脑和兔脑中分离得到的一个阿片样肽,它的结构式为Asn-Ala-Gly-Ala。它在大白鼠脑阿片受体上,能和3H-纳洛酮竞争。用小白鼠脑室注射,家兔中央灰质微量注射和耳静脉给药等实验检定结果,表明脑新肽有明显的镇痛作用。脑新肽和镇痛有关,但是否和针刺镇痛有关,这是需要阐明的一个问题,为此我们进行了下列四个方面的实验: 1.针刺前后人脑脊液中脑新肽含量的变化。 2.针刺镇痛过程中,家兔脑脊液中脑肽含量的动态变化情况。 3.针刺镇痛前后,家兔中央灰质灌流液中脑新肽含量的变化。 4.家兔耳静脉注射脑新肽时,脑脊液中脑新肽含量的动态变化情况。933|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：三阴交是临床治疗中的常用穴之一,《甲乙经》云:“三阴交在内踝上三寸,骨下陷者中,足太阴、厥阴、少阴之会。”我们为了客观验证祖国医学有关三阴交与足三阴经交会的理论,为针灸临床提供可靠依据,并探索观察针刺得气的客观指标。现对14例受试者,针刺三阴交得气前后脾、肝、肾及非经部位的冷光信息作了69人次观察比较,结果如下: 方法一、仪器:详见前文,要点如下: 选用高灵敏度的光电倍增管做探测器,接收经穴不断发放的超微弱冷光信息,再经一系列的放大甄别,由记录仪自动描其发光On 14 subjects by 69 experiments, it was found that before needling, the intensity of luminescence of Yinbai, Dadun, Yungquan and Nei Zhi- yin (3 mm by the inner side of the nail of little toe) remained constant for a definite duration. During needling at the acupoint Sanyinjiao, when a definite needling sensation was to be elicited, the luminescence of all these acupoints increased prominently; whereas at the sites of non- acupoint, it remained unchanged. Statistically, there was significant dif- ference in luminescence between the non-acupoints and the Jing points of the three channels (i.e. Spleen, Liver and Kidney); there was also stron- ger luminescence at Yinbai of Spleen Channel in comparison with the Jing points of Liver and Kidney channels. This result provides evidence that Sanyinjiao, which, according to the classical theory of meridian, belongs to the channel of Spleen, is the "Meeting" point of the three ch- annels(i.e. Spleen, Liver, Kidney). This experiment provides also a quantitative method to determine objectively the needling sensation.901|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在痛觉生理的动物实验研究中,常采用各种不同的测痛方法。本文报告自制一种辐射热测痛的记时装置;以甩尾反应为指标,借电磁标和三笔记录仪记录大白鼠甩尾的时间,代表痛(反应)阈。这种装置比目前国内所用的方法简便易行。方法本装置以幅射热为伤害性刺激,以反射时为痛反应指标,采用贵阳永青示波器厂Lz 6型三笔记录仪记时,选用0.5毫米/秒的走纸速度;用电磁标作时标,电源为3伏干电池;用12伏、50瓦、8.75毫米电影放映灯泡为幅射热源,将灯泡置于铜套内,通过稳压电源以调压变压器调节其灯丝电压。为达到同步地控制灯泡和电磁标启动和关闭的目The present study is to introduce a time register for measurement of pain response. Radiant heat acted on the tail skin of rat was taken as a noxious stimulus. Latency of tail-flick recorded with an electro-magnetic marker and a pen recorder Constitution of this apparatus is simple. Re- liability of the method was examined. The experimental results indicate that it is very suitable for recording not only the times of tail-flick re- flex in rat but also the times of rised-head reflex or withdrawal-leg re- flex in rabbit, etc.742|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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