最新刊期
1983年第4期
- 摘要：本文根据实验研究,对血压调节的机制提出了自己的看法,并以动物实验模型研究探讨了针刺调节心血管系统的作用原理。929|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：祖国医学认为针刺可以调整气血,通达营卫、疏通经络,以达到驱邪扶正,提高机体抗病能力。自1980年8月至今,我们运用针刺三阴交、血海、夹脊胸_7,胸_(11)四个穴位治疗血小板减少性紫癜25例。现小结如下: 一材料和方法一般资料:本组治疗25例,其中男性9例,女性16例。年龄14～50岁。病程均在半年以上,最长1例达5年。其中有18例曾采用过激素,免疫抑制剂,中药等治疗,1例已施脾切除,以上各例均为复发。诊断要点:有出血史,大部分病例皮肤或粘膜出现紫癜,血小板计数隔天采血,连续三次均低于10万/mm3。817|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：正常人体及动物实验证实,激光穴位照射可产生全身性镇痛效果并具有镇痛后效应的特点。应用激光穴位照射代替针刺可以进行多种外科手术,但表现出明显个体差异性。在不同病人、不同程度上仍然存在镇痛不全。我们曾报道用针刺一硬膜外复合麻醉进行胃大部切除术取得满意的效果。自1980年起又应用小剂量硬膜外麻醉方法复合激光穴位照射,既保持了针刺麻醉的特点,又不必再在穴位上针刺,同时提高了针麻的镇痛效果。由于激光穴位照射的镇痛效应可相应减少麻醉剂用量,一定程度上减少了麻醉药物所引起的生理机能紊乱,提高了药物麻醉的安全性。960|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：腹部针麻手术的成败与内脏牵拉反应和内脏痛有密切关系。我们根据针刺对机体的调整作用和针刺影响植物神经功能的理论,选择针刺内关、足三里穴,观察心率和肠咕噜声次数的变化与针麻效果的关系,较准确地选择针麻适应症,提高针麻手术效果。方法 (一)观察对象 1.受试者共212例,分观察组和对照组。观察组为腹部手术108例(包括子宫切除和胃大部分切除术)。对照组为颈、面部手术104例(包括甲状腺囊肿或肿瘤切除术,青光眼减压术等)。639|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在针刺镇痛作用研究中,有关边缘前脑的某些结构的作用已引起人们的重视。伤害性刺激可减弱视前区神经元的活动,而穴位电针可加强之。我们已往的工作证明视前区对缰核的放电活动有明显的调节作用,穴位电针可抑制外侧缰核痛兴奋神经元的自发放电。由于缰核对针刺镇痛的重要影响,以及我们在外侧缰核发现还有痛抑制性神经元,针刺对之有何影响,以及它们在针刺镇痛过程中的作用均值得作进一步探讨。995|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：唇、鼻针的针感是通过三叉神经传入的。痛觉生理机能的变化必然是以物质变化为基础的。本实验试图通过电镜的观察得到组织学的证椐。方法选用健康小白鼠21只,体重在25克左右。随机分为对照组组实验组。对照组不进针,但同样固定在鼠台上,条件与实验组同;实验组根据针刺镇痛效果又分为痛阈提高组和无效组。进针部位相当于人中、承桨两穴,用DZ-62电针机通电15分钟,起伏波形。测痛系用幅射热照射小鼠尾巴,根椐It is demonstrated elinically and experimentally that pain threshold might be raised by lip or nasal acupuncture, Needling sensation of the acu-puncture is conducted to higher Centers by way of trigeminal nervous sys-tem. The physiological changes of Pain decidedly dependent upon the his-tological changes. This experiment was designed in an attempt to aquiresuch histological evidence.899|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：在本研究室“内脏神经传入冲动诱发猫丘脑后核(PO)单位放电的观察”一文中,发现刺激内脏大神经于丘脑后核中可看到不同潜伏期的2～3簇放电成分。本文除用相同方法研究PO细胞放电,特别是痛放电外,还研究了刺激外周神经(腓总神经及隐神经)时对单位放电的影响,以期了解外周神经中不同机能纤维兴奋对PO细胞痛放电的作用,为研究体躯感觉与内脏感觉的整合作用和针刺镇痛提供理论基础。方法实验用2.0～3.5公斤体重的描30A previous paper of our laboratory reported the unit discharges of PO nucleus evoked by stimulating the splanchnic nerve. These discharges showed 2-3 kinds of clusters with different latent periods. In this article we specially studied the feature of such neuron dischar- ges with the same method used previously. As we stimulated the splanchnic nerve with weak stimulus, only one response(the 1st response)could be caused. Its latent period was shorter (43.4±8.9 msec). As the stimulus became stronger the 2nd late response would be elicited. Its latent period was 257±53 msec. In addition to causing evoked discharges with stimulating splanchnic nerve, the spontaneous discharges also increased. The phenomenon of in- creasing frequency still continued after the stimulating had been stopped. After the intravenous injection of Dolantin (5mg/kg), the evoked di- scharges of the neuron resulting from splanchnic nerve disappeared. The 2nd response disappeared first and then the 1st response, but after a period of time the two components recovered in a reverse order. The evoked unit discharges of the PO nucleus were inhibited obviously by stimulating the peripheral somatic nerves(common peroneal nerve and saphenous nerve). When the stimulus acting to the peripheral somatic nerve was weak, the evoked unit discharges of the neuron were not inhibi- ted or inhibited slightly. The stronger the stimulus acting on the periph- eral somatic nerve, the more distinct would be the inhibition of the evoked unit discharges. We suppose that the unit discharges in PO nucleus evoked by stimula- ting splanchnic nerve has the characteristic of pain response The inhibition resulting from the stimulation of the peripheral somatic nerve might be the basis of acupuncture analgesia.957|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：已知一些单价和两价金属离子对于神经系统的正常活动具有重要意义。特别是钙离子(Ca(++))对于神经膜的稳定性和通透性、神经冲动的传导、神经末梢递质的释放、递质作用于突后触膜引起的生物效应、以及对第二信使的生成和作用等等,都起着关键的作用。许多资料表明,吗啡类药和内源性吗啡样物质(内啡素)的镇痛作用可能就是通过降低中枢某些部位Ca(++))对于神经膜的稳定性和通透性、神经冲动的传导、神经末梢递质的释放、递质作用于突后触膜引起的生物效应、以及对第二信使的生成和作用等等,都起着关键的作用。许多资料表明,吗啡类药和内源性吗啡样物质(内啡素)的镇痛作用可能就是通过降低中枢某些部位Ca(++)的功能而实现的。至于镁(Mg(++)的功能而实现的。至于镁(Mg(++))是否与Ca(++))是否与Ca(++)有类似的作用,文献资料很不一致,有待进一步清澄。In rabbits provided with chronic intracerehroventricular cannula, CaCl_2 or MgC1_2 was injected intraventricularly (ivt) to increase the cerebral content of Ca(++)有类似的作用,文献资料很不一致,有待进一步清澄。945|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：文献中曾报道当给机体预先在脑室内注射r-氨基丁酸,对几种典型的惊厥剂都呈现出一定的对抗作用。这是因为r-氨基丁酸作为一个中性氨基酸,具有对中枢神经系统的抑制作用,表现在癫痫病人的大脑皮层中r-氨基丁酸含量呈现降低。因此,我们考虑探讨r-氨基丁酸与针刺镇痛的关系,从而为针麻作用原理的阐明,提供必要的依椐。本研究工作的目的,是要用冰冻微型放射自显影和组织固定微型放射自显影平行的观察机体在头面部电针镇痛时,脑内不同部位细胞水平的3H-r-氨基丁酸的含量定位动态变化。因为微型放射自显影具有可以显示The localization of the changes in 3H-r-氨基丁酸的含量定位动态变化。因为微型放射自显影具有可以显示The localization of the changes in 2H-γ-amino butyric acid in the rats pallium and substantia medullaris of telencephalon, nucleus caudatus and corpus callosum, as well as pallium of aquaeductus cerebri induced by electroacupuncture were studied in parallel with the freezing microau- toradiographic and histo-fixative microautoradiographic methods. When the rats were subjected to electro-acupuncture, the tail-flickwas elevated and the both microautoradiographic intensity of 2H-γ-amino butyric acid in the rats pallium and substantia medullaris of telencephalon, nucleus caudatus and corpus callosum, as well as pallium of aquaeductus cerebri induced by electroacupuncture were studied in parallel with the freezing microau- toradiographic and histo-fixative microautoradiographic methods. When the rats were subjected to electro-acupuncture, the tail-flickwas elevated and the both microautoradiographic intensity of 3H-γ-amino butyric acid in pallium of telencephalon, nucleus caudatus and pallium of aquaeductus cerebri was increased. The results indicated that 3H-γ-amino butyric acid in pallium of telencephalon, nucleus caudatus and pallium of aquaeductus cerebri was increased. The results indicated that 3H-γ-amino butyric acid in telencephalon and truncus encephali undergo profound depressive chan- ges in the process of acupuncture and emphasize that it may play an ex- treme important role in the effect of acupuncture analgesia.834|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：脑内不少神经递质以环磷酸腺苷(cA-MP)和环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)作为第二信使,“调节着细胞功能。近年来,对cGMP在中枢镇痛中的作用引起了人们的重视。我们以前的工作证明,脑室内注射cGMP可使痛阈明显提高,并能增强大鼠电针镇痛效应。初步观察到,这可能与乙酰胆碱(Ach)和阿片样物质(OLS)的作用机理有关。有资料证明,Ach、OLS与脑内cGMP有着密切的关系,并设想cGMP可能是传递阿片受体兴奋的细胞内介质。本工作观察了脑室注射cGMP对It was observed in our previous experiments that intraventricular in- jection of cGMP elevated pain thresholds and potentiated the effect of acupuncture analgesia(AA). In this study we are to observe the effect of naloxone and atropine on analgesic action by cGMP. Female rats weighing 180-280g were used. Pain threshold wasassesssed by the tail flick test. "Zusanli" and "Sanyinjiao" were bilaterally stimula- ted with electroacupuncture for 30 rain. The percentage of the mean of three pain thresholds in a trial was taken as the index of AA. 1. Intraventricular injection of cGMP(400μg) led to a marked increase of pain threshold by 57%-90%, which recovered within 80-100 min after injection. When cGMP was used in combination with naloxone (30μg), the pain threshold was only slightly increased (+8%26%). The diffe- rence between these two groups was significant(P<0.05); but as com- pared with the saline group, no significant difference (P>0.20)was obs- erved. The results indicated that the analgesic effect of cGMP could be reversed by naloxone. 2. cGMP markedly potentiated the effect of AA. These values were 242% as great as that of the control. When cGMP was used in combina- tion with naloxone, the effect of AA was decreased by 99% (P<0.001), the value being 143% of the control. The effect of AA was very similar to that of naloxone group alone (P>0.20). The results suggested that naloxone could antagonize the effect of AA strengthened by cGMP. 3. Atropine(5mg/kg, i.p.)did not significantly affect the pain thre- shold and the effect of AA. As compared with the saline group, no signi- ficant difference(P>0.10 and P>0.50, respectively) was observed. But the enhancing effect of cGMP on pain threshold and AA could be rever- sed by atropine. The evidence mentioned above suggests that the enhancing action of cGMP on AA could be reversed by blocking of opiate receptor with nalo- xone or blocking of muscarinic receptor of ACh with atropine.866|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：皮质醇系肾上腺皮质分泌的主要激素之一,它受下丘脑-垂体的控制,对机体生理功能的调节起重要的作用。有报导指出,利血平可耗竭去甲肾上腺素(NE)神经递质,从而解除对腺垂体的抑制作用,使促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌增加,导致血浆皮质醇浓度升高。亦有人证实,针刺可使皮质醇分泌增加,同时多数的报导也指出针刺使脑内NE含量减少。因而推想,在利血平化的基础上给予针刺,应该比单独使某一种时所引起的效果大一些。本文针对这个问题,分别测定针刺和利血平对血浆In order to investigate the mechanism of acupuncture on the secretion of cortisol, we used the IRA method in the determination of cortisol. Fifty rabbits were divided into five groups. (1) Electro-acupuncture of Zusanli point for fifteen minutes (EAZ) group. Apparatus Type G 6805 was used(wave form continuous,1 Hz; Output intensity at scale 1.5) (2) Electro-acupuncture of control point but not of Zusanli point. (3) Reserpine group : i.v.reserpine 2 mg/kg. (4)Reserpine+FEAZ Group: After the injection of reserpine for one hour, the electro-acupuncture of Zusanli point was carried out. After two hours, the blood samples were taken. (5) Control group: Without any treatment. The results were as follows 1. From 1-12 hours after the combination of electro-stimulation on Zu- sanli point and i.v.reserpine, the serum cortisol level was increased. The reaction was specific since no effects were found when the control points were stimulated. 2.After exhaustion of the mediators of the adrenergic nerves by reser- pine, the cortisol level was significantly increase. It was found that the peak level of rising cortisol was earlier than that of EAZ Groups. 3.Combined effect of the EAZ+i.v. reserpine was greater than that of either electrostimulation of Zusanli point or i.v.reserpine alone.The is su- ggested that the effect of electrostimulation on the point of Zusanli could only be partially explained by the effect of inhibition of control adrenergic system. The other possible mechanism for the increase of ACTH secretion is to be further investigated692|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们曾于临床应用术中辨证选穴针麻胃大部切除术提高了针麻效果,在实验中模拟术中辨证选穴针麻狗胃大部切除术其效果也非常满意。本工作进一步探讨术中辨证选穴对胆囊摘除术的针麻作用,意图仍为临床提供针麻选穴资料。在实验中以动物术中行为表现和反应以及心血管活动作指标进行观察。方法实验动物为31只健康狗,雌雄均有,随机分为甲、乙、对照三组。各组均在清醒状态下捆绑于手术台上,待动物安静30～40分钟开始记录各项指标数椐作为针前基础值,然后分别记录针刺诱导30分钟、处理内脏、Thirty-one healthy dogs were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups and a control group. All dogs were bound on operating tables in conscious state. Behavior and reaction of animals were observed after 30 min., and heart rates, pulse waves of arteria femovalis, pulse volume waves of skin and muscle of lower leg were simultaneously recorded with amplifier RB- 5 and recorder RTG-3004(paper speed 15-25 mm/sec). The values before and 30 min after acupuncture, during processing viscera and sewing up cuts on abdomen were recorded respectively. Feishu、Xinshu、Ganshu、 Pishu、Neiguan and Zusanli of 12 dogs in first experimental group were used. Xinshu、Pishu、Danshu、Jueyinshu、Yanglingquan and Neiguan of 12 dogs in the second experimental group were used. Operations of 7 dogs in control group were performed under local drug anesthesia. Operations of experimental dogs were performed after 30 min acupunc- ture-inducing with acupuncture anesthesia apparatus 57 6D(frequency of continuous wave was 100 Hz at back acupoints, 50 Hz at limb acupoints), and stimulating intensity was regulated depending on the reaction of ani- mals. Results were as follows: Ⅰ. Effect of acupuncture anesthetic: In the first experimental group 75.00% showed excellent anesthetic results(grade Ⅰ)and 25.00% showed good results(grade Ⅱ). In the second experimental group 33.33% showed excellent anesthetic results, 41.67% were classified as good results, and 25.00% were poor (grede Ⅲ). All con- trol dogs had better results than grade Ⅲ, The differences among three groups were statistically significant(p<0.01). Ⅱ. Cardiovascular movement: 1. The difference between indexes of cardiovascular movement before and during acupuncture was not obvious. 2. The differences between the values of heart rate、pulse wave of arteria femoralis、pulse volume wave of skin and muscle before acupunc- ture and the values during operation were not statistically significant in dogs that had excellent anesthetic result. 3. Increases of heart rates of dogs with good or poor anesthetic effects were significant (p<0.01). During processing viscera and sewing up cuts on abdomen, their amplitudes of pulse waves of arteria femoralis and pulse volume waves both greatly decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: 1. The model of cholecystectomy of animals under acupuncture anes- thesia was established in the present experiment. The results show that there is a relationship between the effect of acupuncture anesthesia and the combination of acupoints, and that there is no relationship between the effect of acupuncture anesthesia and psychological factors. 2. Selecting acupoints depending on behevior and reaction during op- eration may elevate analgesic and other effects of acupuncture anestheia. 3. Effects of acupuncture anesthesia of dogs with stable cardiovascular movements during acupuncture show better effects and vice versa.811|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：以前工作表明大鼠和人类相似,存在循经低阻抗线,而且这条线下神经束的分布显著多于非低阻抗区。本文用诱发萤光法初步观察了大鼠循经低阻抗线的肾上腺能神经末梢的分布。实验用大白鼠7只。先在戊巴比妥钠麻醉下测出背部“膀胱经”的低阻抗线。然后在颈动脉放血,复查低阻抗线并以炭素墨水标记。用于冰冷冻局部皮肤,深达肌层。用锐刀切取沿低阻抗线两侧3毫米、深达7～8毫米、长约1厘米的皮肤块。经恒冷箱切片后用dela Torre法诱发萤光,在Leitz萤光Low impedance line (LIL)along meridian of Urinary Bladder was mar- ked with carbon ink on the skin of normal rats. After sacrificed, blocks of tissues including skin together with subcutaneous tissue and mucles were cut and sectioned in a cryostat. The slides were treated with glyoxylic acid to induce catecholamine fluorescence and were observed under fluorescent mic- roscope. It was found that there were more adrenergic nerve terminals under the LIL in comparison with its adjacent areas by means of screw micro- meter eyepiece for measurement under microscope.851|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：针刺麻醉是在针刺镇痛基础上发展起来的一种新的麻醉法,多年来一直被认为是中西结合的典范,并且是我国对世界医学的贡献。针麻拔牙术则是针刺麻醉应用于人类最早的几种手术之一,当时就引起国内口腔医学界的注视,随之国外亦很重视,仅就所收集到的资料看来,各地曾进行过大量的临床应用并写出了不少有价值的报道。1971年针刺镇痛成功地在德、法、日、苏、美等国使用,同年10月日本京都疼痛研究所所长永山熏造进行过针麻拔牙电视表演,而指压麻醉拔牙在同时亦大量应用过,周复兴等称之为按摩指压麻醉并认为是针麻的另一种形式,据考证指压麻醉却最早见于1851年吴亦鼎的著作中。820|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：北京医学院第三附属医院创用针麻下前路颈椎手术已达13年之久。积累了600多例的手术,其成功率达到99.2％;优良率为91.5％。并从1973年起列为该院颈椎手术的常规麻醉方法。该项成果的鉴定会于1983年10月26日在北京召开。有卫生部科教司成果处、全国针灸针麻办公室以及外科和麻醉学专家近30人参加了会议。本鉴定委员会观摩了手术实况,听取了介绍,并审核了所提供的资料,一致认为该项临床研究方向正确,资料完整,数据可信,效果稳定。并认为针麻为前路颈椎手术提供了一种良好的麻醉方法。这种麻醉方法是在中西医结合的基础上712|23|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：针刺麻醉拔牙临床研究鉴定会于1983年11月10日在武汉召开。参加会议的鉴定委员会委员、特邀代表和工作人员约30人。与会同志听取了针刺麻醉拔牙术3,150例的临床研究总结报告,并观摩了手术,对其资料进行了认真的审查,一致认为,该项研究资料较完整,对针麻基础理论也进行了一定的研究,有针麻参数的定性定量资料,数据及实验手段准确可靠。科学性较强,实事求是,经得起重复。现场表演中随机选择病人,对不同部位拔牙者均获成功,效果良好。且具有安全、有效、简便、易行的优点,达到了目前针刺麻醉的先进水平。代表们一致通过了鉴定。830|48|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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