最新刊期
1984年第4期
- 摘要：循经感传现象在我国历代医籍中均有记载,是古人创立经络学说的一个重要依据,因而也是我们今天研究经络学说,探讨经络实质的一个重要途径。十多年来,国内许多研究单位对循经感传现象进行了广泛的调查和研究,积累了丰富的资料,取得了一些重要的进展。以许多确凿的实验结果深入论证了循经感传的一些重要特征,记录到感传过程中循环出现的一些机能反应。通过大量的临床观察,肯定了循经感传与针刺镇痛作用和临床疗效的密切关系,并初步掌握了一些激发感传,促进气至病所的手段。激发感传的成功和隐性感传的发现说明循经感传是在人群之中比较普遍存在的一种经络现象,这一现象以已知的医学和生物学知识尚难作出恰当的解释,有其固有的生理学基础。在充分肯定现象的基础上,目前,不少单位正在研究如何进一步掌握它的规律,提高针刺疗效,并对循经感传形成的机理和反映循经感传的指标进行了探讨。实践证明,感传研究确是一个具有普遍意义的重要问题,对于进一步提高针刺临床疗效,闹明针灸针麻原理和经络实质都有直接的意义,有待继续深入。715|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我院从1964年开展针麻胃切除术临床研究以来,在重视针麻适应症、穴位处方、辅助用药、个体差异性和外科手术操作改进外,也很注重针刺方法的研究。起初,安圣承袭传统手法捻针进行针麻中穴位刺激。由于手术是一个较长时间的连续过程,这样就必须对穴位亦要连续不断地进行针刺,以保持继续“得气”,来克服手术创伤引起的疼痛和生理扰乱。这样就要花费很大的人力。为此,设想应用电麻仪代替人工针刺外,再A device with machanical movement imitating acupuncture manipulation has been designed (i. e. ZZ Acupuncture Manipulation Imitating Device or AMID for brief) for clinical in our hospital. This device imitates hand manipulation in the two respects, i.e.twirling of needles and a complicated manipulation consisting of twirling and lift- thrust procedure. A frequency of 180～220 time/min is generally in use. The lift-thrust amplitude is about 2～10 mm, the twirling angle 180～270, and the manipulation of an even speed. Since the end of 1965, 381 cases havebeen operated upen for gastrectomy under AMID. The successful rate for 381 cases was 98.4%, with a failure rate of 1.6%, The excellent rates for AMID, AMID + PIEA (para-incisional electroacupun- cture) and AMID + EEN (ear electro-acupuncture) were 75, 71 and 76 respec- tively. After x2 test has been used for statistical analysis, the difference is not significant. ZZ-AMID is a good start in the reform of acupuncture tools towards their modernization and automation. This device possesses its advantages on stability and uniform speed in twirling, lift-thrust and frequency of stimuli in imitating hand manipulation. So the patients treated with AMID can also experience the same "arrival of qi" (needling reaction, i.e. soreness, nu- mbness and distension) as that of hand manipulation and even a better effect than hand maniputation or electro-acupuncture.829|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：延脑中缝大核(NRM)是中枢下行抑制系统的重要核团之一,电针能够激活NRM而镇痛,损毁NRM或其到达脊髓的主要下行通路背外侧索,可减弱或消除电针的镇痛作用。我们以往的工作观察到,局部导入吗啡拮抗剂纳洛酮可阻断电针对NRM神经元的激活作用,提示内源性吗啡样物质(MLS)参与调制。那么作用于NRM的MLS从哪里来?近年来研究表明,中脑导水管周围灰质(PAG)和第三脑室周In our previous work, the activation of nucleus raphe magnus (NRN) by acupuncture could be blocked by iontophoretic naloxone, Suggesting that the endogenous opiate-like substance (OLS) may be involved in it. It is well known that the Periaqueductal qray matter (PAG) which is rich in enkephalin-containing neurons and opiate receptors, could be activated by acupuncture and the content of the OLS in PAG perfusate could be elevated by acupuncture, so it is reasonable to suppose that the activation of NRN may be at least in part due to the OLS released from PAG and other stru- ctures. In the present sludy the effects of dorsal and ventral PAG stimuletion on NRN neuronal activities were observed, throuqh a pais of concentric electrodes implan ted into PAG to further investigate the role of PAG in the activation of NRN by acupuncture. The experiments were carried out on adult male rats. Among 23 NRN neurons, the firinq rate of 12 neurons was increased following the dorsal PAG stimulation (0.5ms, 400μA), only that of 4 neurrons was decreased and the remaining 7 neurons showed no change.The mean firing rate was increased up to 140% of the pre-stimulation value and it was of statistically significance (P<0.05). When naloxone was iontophoretically ejected for two minutes on 9 NRN neurons which were excited by dorsal PAG stimulation, the excitatory eff- ect of 6 neurons was prevented and that of one neuron was reduced, and the other two neurons had no change. It indicates that the activaton of NRN by dorsal PAG stimulation may be mediated by OLS released from the enkephalin-containing neurons eocated in dorsal-PAG, it may be of im- portance in acupuncture analgesia. In contrast, among 22 NRN neurons only 5 neurons were activated by ventral-PAG stimulation, 9 neurons were inhibited and 8 neurons showed no change. The mean firing rate was only reduced to 80% of the pre-sti- mulation control value, it was of no significance. It is supposed that there exist some inhibitory interneurons which were sensitive to opioid peptides and sent their tonic inhibitory influence upon the enkephalin-cntaining neu- rons naturally. When they were excited by electrical stimulation, the ir ton- ic inhibitory effect was enhanced, thus the activatin of NRN neurons was reduced. However, the detailed mechanism of analgesia produced ky ventr- al-PAG stimulattion remains to be further studied.819|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：近年来研究表明,发源于中脑导水管周围灰质(PAG)的脑干下行抑制系统,在吗啡镇痛、脑刺激镇痛中具有十分重要的作用。延脑中缝大核(NRM)是该系统换元传递的枢纽。国外一些学者设想,下行抑制系统中PAG到NRM的下行通路可能是由吗啡类物质调制的。这一观点在我们以往的工作中得到了初步证实。我们观察到,电针对NRM神经元的激活效应可被局部导入吗啡拮抗纳洛酮所阻断。那么,在NRM直接微电泳导入脑啡肽和吗啡,是In our Previous work, the activation of neuronal activities of nucleus raphe magnus (NRN) by acupunture could be blocked by iontophoretic nal- oxone, suggesting that the endogenous opiate-like substance (OLS) may play an important role in activating NRN neurons by acupuncture, In pre- sent study, The effect of acupuncture was compared with that of iontoph- oretic leucine-enkephalin, so as to further investigate the enkephalinergic mechanism of the activation of NRN neurons by acupuncture. The experiments were carried out on adult male rats under slight uret- han anaesthesia. Unit activities were extracellularly recorded with central tube of the multi-pippetes filled with 4 M Nacl and neuronal responses to acupuncture and iontophoretic enkephalin were observed. Among 11 neurons, the firing rate of 8 neurons (73%) was increased by acupuncture applied on "Zusanli" Points, only that of one neuron was dec- reased and the remaining 2 neurons showed no change. When leucine-enk- ephalin was iontophoretically ejected near the cell body of the NRN neu- rons, the firing rate was increased in most neurons (14 of 21 neurons,67%), decreased only in one neuron, and the remainder had no Change. The effect of iontophoretic enkephalin was quite similar to that of acupuncture, only that the occurene of the exciting effect of acupuncture required a longer period of time. Bcth of their exciting effects could be blocked by iontoph- oretic naloxone. In addition, the effect of iontophoretic morphine was observed. Only in 50% neurons the firing rate was increased and the magnitude of the ac- tion was less than that of acupuncture and iontophoretic enkephalin. These results further support that the OLS released by acupuncture may mediate the activation of NRN neurons and it may play an important role in acupuncture analgesia.1003|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们以往的工作证明电解损毁双侧大鼠伏核后可以减弱电针激活中缝大核(NRM)神经元自发放电和抑制伤害性反应的效应。但伏核是通过什么递质和途径参与这种作用的?这一问题值得进一步探讨。方法实验用雄性大白鼠体重250～350克。麻醉、外科手术、NRM单位放电记录和脑刺激等技术方法与以往工作相同。微量注射是用微量注射器,取5微克/1微升的纳洛酮溶液0.3～0.5微升,在微电极推Our previous work demonstrated that the activation of electroacupunc- ture (EA) of "Zusanli" point on neurons of N. raphe mgnus (NRN) could be reduced by lesion made on bilateral N. accumbens (NAC). But by what mediator and what pathway, the N. accumbens participated in the effects of EA on NRM neurons? The Prupose of the present work was to analyze this problem. Experiments were Performed on male rats (250-350).The unit discharges of NRM was recorded extracellularly with glass microelectrode, and the technique of microinjection was employed.The results obtained were as follows: 1. After microinjection of naloxone into bilateral N. accumbens (2.5μg/ 0.5μl to each side), The effects of EA of "Zusanli" point on NRM neurons (n=12) could clearly be blocked. Comparing with the control before EA, no clear changes were induced but comparing with the control group in wh- ch NRM neurons were injected with normal saline (n=9), the difference brtween the effects of EA on them was striking. Spontaneous discharge at O min (P<0.01) and nociceptive responses at 0, 5, 10, and 20 min were statistically significant (P<0.05～0.01). It is probably that endorphin in N. accumbens may be a possible mediator Participating in the effect of EA on NRM neurons. 2. The stimulation of N. accumbens could activate the spontaneous dis- charge of the excitatory neurons of NRM (n=13) and inhibit their nocic- eptive responses. Comparing with the control before stmulation, the former at O min (P<0.01) and the latter at 0, 5, 20 and 30 min (P<0.05-0.01) after stimulation were statistically significant. It suggested that the N. ac- cumbens exerted probably control of NRM. 3. Aftermicroinjection of naloxone (1.5-2.5μg/0.3-0.5μl (into periaqu- eduetal grar (PAG), the effects of stimulation of NAC upon the excitatory neurons of NRM (n=13) were clearly blocked in a majority. Comparting with the control before stimulation, the spontaneous discharges and nocice- ptive responses showed no definite changes, but control group microinjec- ted with normal saline into PAG (n=11), the spontaneous discharges at 20 min (P<0.05) and the nociceptive responses at 0, 5, 10 and 20 min (P< 0.05-0.01) were statististically significant. The above results showed that N. accumbens probably participated in the effect of EA on NRM neurons dirrectly or indirectly via endorphin in NAC and PAG,which in turn,could activate the NRM, a descending pain inhibitory system, thus achieving analgesia.972|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：前脑的伏核和针刺镇痛、吗啡镇痛有关。电刺激伏核能引起痛阈明显升高。脑内存在着一个与痛觉调制有关的前脑神经线路,其中束旁核是这一线路中主要的痛觉接受中枢,束旁核还是针刺传入信号和痛觉信号相互作用的重要部位之一。伤害性刺激或针刺可分别引起束旁核内痛兴奋和痛抑制单位电活动的改变。电刺激丘脑的中央中核、中缝大核以及前脑的隔区视前区均可抑制束旁核的电活动。因而研究伏核与丘脑束旁核的The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of stimulation nucleus accumbens on pain-discharges from parafascicular nucleus (PF). Experiment was carried out on conscious immobilized rats. Stimulation of nucleus accumbens inhibited most of spontaneous discharges of PF pain- excitative units, but increased discharges of PF pain-inhibitive units. The effect of electro-acupuncture at "Zusanli" on PF was similar the effect of stimulation of nucleus accumbens. The results obtained indicate that the nucleus accumbens could regulate the pain through the PF.762|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：中医认为针刺具有通调气血,疏通经络,和谐脏腑,扶正祛邪的作用。在古典医籍中,有很多关于针刺心包经经穴治疗心脏疾患的论述。近年来,大量临床观察和实验研究证明,针刺“内关”对缺血性心脏病患者,确实具有较好的疗效;电针动物“内关”对急性缺血心肌能呈现出加速其恢复过程的作用。电针“内关”产生疗效的作用机制,是针灸原理研究中的一个重要课题。由于交感神经对心肌功能活动具有重要影响,电针“内关”可以兴奋穴区土相应躯体神经,The effect of electroacupuncture on the recovery of acute myocardial ischemia was observed. 49 adult cats anesthetized with chloralose were di- vided into four groups: 1. electroacupuncture (EA), 2. removal of the stellate ganglia (RSG), 3. electroacupuncture of the non-stellate ganglia (EA+RSG) and the control group. Applying the method of ligating the LAD coronary artery for 15 min, a state of regional myocardial ischemia was made, after which the ligati- on was loosened and the ST and T values were observed for an hour. The potential changes of the ST and T values of lead C-T ECG ave- raged 16 times by computer 7 S 06 A were used as the index to evaluate myocardial ischemia and its recovery course. The EA and the EA+RSG groups received the electric impulses on both "Neiguan", lasting for 20 min immediately after loosing the ligation. The main results were as follows: 1. When the LAD coronary artery was ligated for 15 min, the ST and T values of lead C-T ECG were elevated obviously, but there were no sta- tistical significances among four groups. 2. After loosening, the ST and T values in all groups presented a tendency of recovery, After statistical analysis with Ridit method it was found that the recovery of the ST T values of EA group was the best of four groups, the RSG group and the EA+RSG group the next and the co- ntrol the worst of them. The above result showed that the effect of needling "Neiguan" was markedly reduced after the stellate ganglia of the cat was taken away. It suggested that the cardiac sympathetic nerves might be an important link for connective pathways between "Neiguan" and the heart.997|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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