最新刊期
      1987年第1期
      • 1987(1): 1-32.
        摘要：Acupuncture is presently being used to treat millions of people in Chinaas well as other places.However,the physiologic properties and morphologicbasis of the stimulation points(acupuncture points or acupoints)are stilllittie understood although they have long been subjects of interest in thefield of modern biomedicine.A number of studics in neurophysiology havealready touched the central nervous system mechanism underlying acupunct-urc analgesia;whereas few data have so far  
          
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      • 穴位传入纤维支配及其在针刺镇痛中的作用

        吕国蔚
        1987(1)
        摘要：本文在308只家兔,15只猫,71例正常人和845例患者身上研究了传入纤维与穴位和针刺镇痛的关系。我们发现:a)与非穴相比,足三里穴具有有髓纤维多(有髓/无髓=2.7),粗纤维多(A_(αβγ)/A_δ=2.8)和A_β纤维多(A_(βγ)/A_(αβγδ)=0.52)的特征;  
          
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      • 尾核在针刺镇痛中的作用

        何莲芳, 董惟强
        1987(1): 33-40.
        摘要：在传统概念中,尾核属于锥体外系,参与机体运动的调节。然而近三十余年来对尾核的研究逐渐深入,从形态、生理、生化和药理等方面提供了不少资料,表明它与行为植物性机能以及感觉机能有关。针刺镇痛原理研究的开展,进一步积累了尾核参与痛觉调制的资料,提出了它在针刺镇痛中的主要作用。本文将作一概述。  
          
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      • 高美兰, 谢惠明, 卢运详, 梁运飞, 李德基
        1987(1): 41-48.
        摘要：针刺可以抑制痛觉的皮层下各中枢神经元的活动,已有大量的实验证明,而大脑皮层在痛觉的产生以及在针刺镇痛中的作用已有报道,但目前尚无一致的意见。本室过去的工作已证实,中脑网状结构(Mesencephalic Reticular Formation,MRF)对痛觉不仅起着传导通路的作用,而in order to investigate the effect of stimulation of the cortical somatic sensory area(SII)on the nociceptive discharges in the mesencephalon reticular formation,and its role in acupuncture analgesia,experiments were performed on 55 rabbits,anesthetized with chloralose and urethane. As soon as the animal recovered its conciousness it was immobilized with flaxedil and artificial respiration given.The electrical activities of the nocicep(ive neurons were recorded by glass microelectrodes(tip 1～3μ)in the ranges P_(7～11),R_(2～3),_(0～6),with the aid of a stercotaxic apparatus. 81 of the nociceptive units recorded responded to noxious stimuli which werc applied to the peronal nerve with a short train of pulses.Among them, 65 units,that is 80%,responded by an increase in frequency of the discharge to nonious stimuli(pain-excition neuron,PEN).In contrast,there were 16 units,that is 20%,which responded to noxious stimuli quite differently, by having a decrease in the frequency of the discharge(pain-inhibition neuron,PIN).Similar results were obtained by stimulation of area SII of the cortex with the same train of pulses:an excitatory effect was observed in PEN,and an inhibitory effect in PIN.However,after electroacupucture by penetrating“Neiguan”point towards“Waiguan”point,or dolantin was given intravenously,under the same conditions used above,we stimulated both the peroneal nerve and area SII,elicited an inhibitory effect on PEN,and a reduction of inhibition or release from it on PIN. From the results presented,it is indicated that area SII of the cortex is connected with the modulation of the nociceptive neuronal activity in mesencephalon reticular formation and is related to the effect of acupuncture.  
          
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      • 针刺对大鼠脑内及脊髓内亮啡肽含量的影响

        刘鸿义, 穆鉴, 张静馨, 胡卫东, 邱宁岩
        1987(1): 49-51.
        摘要：针刺对大鼠实验性关节炎的镇痛作用以及针刺后大鼠下丘脑、垂体内甲硫氨酸脑啡肽(MEK)含量的变化,我们已将研究的结果作了报道。本实验仍以急性过敏性关节炎为疼痛的动物模型,观察针刺的镇痛作用与脑内(下丘脑、垂体)及后肢炎症部位相应节段脊髓(T_(12)-L_1)内亮氨酸脑啡肽(LKE)含量的变化的关系,为阐明针刺治疗炎症性疼痛的作用提供病理生理学依据。  
          
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      • 针刺镇痛对肝脏超微结构的影响

        袁德霞, 付志良, 应国华, 李文镇, 王亚飞, 赵玉珍
        1987(1): 52-57.
        摘要：在应激、中毒及机体损伤时,肝可迅速合成大量必需物质,以供机体调整、稳定及修复之用,四氯化碳引起的肝损伤,用灸可改善肝功能。血清转氨酶(GPT)及胆固醇均下降,针刺可促进肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)及糖皮质激素分泌增多,后者又加强肝糖元异生及血糖升高,这些实验说明针灸对肝脏有一定的影响,但对其实质和超微结构究竟有何改变,需要进一步探讨,为此本组进行以下实验。  
          
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      • 朱笛霓, 沈晓慧, 赵建础
        1987(1): 58-61.
        摘要：针刺对痛情绪反应的抑制效应与边缘系统,尤以海马的机能有较密切的关系。形态学以及电生理实验均表明,脑内存在中缝-海马及蓝斑-海马通路。我们也曾看到,电针和刺激背中缝核(NDR)、蓝斑核(LC)皆可明显抑制海马锥体细胞层单位自发放电,损毁 LC 后针刺压抑海马放电Role of n.dorsal raphe(NDR)and the serotoninergic receptor anta- gonist-cyproheptadine on electroacupuncture(EA)regulating the spontan- eous discharges of units in the dorsal hippocampal pyramidal layer at the CA_2 and CA_3 regions was studied in rats anesthetized with urethane.The spontaneous activities were mostly inhibited by EA at aeupoint“Jiaji” or“Zusanli”. After NDR lesion or intravenous injection cyproheptadine the freque- ncy of hippocampal spontaneous activity in some cells was increased and the pattern of firing in some cells was changed.The spontaneous discha- rge of hippocampal cells mainly turned by to be enhanced the EA. This result suggests that the NDR and serotonin may play a role in the pathway mediating the EA effect on hippocampal cell activity.  
          
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      • 王友京, 王双坤
        1987(1): 62-67.
        摘要：据报道,针刺镇痛时脑内去甲肾上腺素(NE)的含量明显降低;损毁 NE 能神经元胞体密集分布的蓝斑或上行途径,或者用双硫醒等抑制 NE 合成以降低脑内 NE 含量,均可增强针刺镇痛;刺激蓝斑或注射 NE 前体二羟基苯丝氨酸使脑内 NE 含量增加时,可对抗针刺Sixty of rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:(1)Control; (2)Electroacupuncture;(3)phentolamine;(4)phentolamine plus electroacupuncture;(5)propranolol;(6)propranolol plus electroacupu- ncture.The concentrations of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in oblongata plus pons, subthalamus,hippocampus,striatum,midbrain or cortex were determined by fluorospectrophotometry. Not only pain threshold,but also the contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the oblongata and the midbrain were increased by electroacupuncture. Both the analgesic effect and the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the striatum were accelerated,by a pre-injection of phentolamine,a blocker of a receptor.The elecctroacupuncture analgesia was partially blocked and the increases of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the oblongata plus pons and the midbrain,induced by electroacupuncture,were inhibited,while the level of 5-HT in the hippocampus was rose and the content of 5-HIAA in the cortex was decreased by propranolol,a blocker of β receptor. These results suggest that both α and β receptors play an important role and can regulate the metabolism of 5-HT in brain in acupuncture analgesia.  
          
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      • 不同频率电针对外周神经中各类神经纤维兴奋性的影响

        唐敬师, 史文春, 侯宗濂
        1987(1): 68-72.
        摘要：我们过去的研究证明,电针兴奋的神经纤维愈细、镇痛作用愈强。并发现高频电针(45～100次/秒)的镇痛作用不如低频电针(2～5次/秒)效果好。推论其可能的原因之一是由于高频电针刺激可使各类纤维的兴奋性降低,在外周神经上压抑了镇痛冲动的传入。为了论证这一推论,本工作观察了不同频率电针刺激对各类神经纤维兴奋性的影响,为电针镇痛选择适宜的刺激频率及强度提供神经生理学的依据。  
          
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      • 金淑然, 黄仲荪
        1987(1): 73-76.
        摘要：过去,我们在针刺镇内脏痛研究中,观察到不同“穴位”对内脏伤害性刺激引起的痛反应具有一定抑制作用。本文在清醒猫身上以内脏神经-皮肤电反射为指标,观察电针体表不同刺激点(拟人体穴位)时的抑制效应,并初步分析其机制。  
          
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      • 用同位素示踪法显示经络循行的初步研究

        孟竟璧, 高惠合, 王佩, 田嘉禾, 刘雁翎
        1987(1): 77-81.
        摘要：经络学说是祖国医学基本理论之一,长期以来,一直指导着中医和针灸的临床实践,历来为国内外学者所重视。多年来,运用电、热、声、光等生物物理学手段,做了大量的研究,目的在于寻找经络循行的客观依据,始终未取得满意的结果。同位素示踪的方法,国内从五十年代By injection of isotope(sodium pentechnetate)into specific acupoints: Jianshi,Zhigou,Jiexi,Zhongfeng,Taixi and Kunlun it becomes possible to put in evidence peculiar pathways along with which isotope preferentially diffuses,pictures can be taken with a large-field-of-view gamma camera controled by compnter program,and more precise data can be obtained from the computer,concerning signales rates of intensity and duration of isotopers migration.the directions of tracer migration are some as the veins during the period of twenty minutes after injection and the length of tracer migration is up to 100 centimeters in this experiment. These pathways are quite different of lymphathic vessels and they seem to be in straight correspondance with classical courese of channels. The pictures of tracer migration can be changed markedly in patients. It is interesting to observe that the tracer migration is retared,length shorted,and velocity lowered in patient with hemiplegia caused by cerebral thrombosis As was stated above,the classical courses of channels are verified visually and the statement of“channels serve to energy transfer and blood flow”has been supported objectively.  
          
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      • 对循经低阻线的形态学研究

        王仲涛, 吴淑兰, 曹玉纯, 祝总骧, 徐瑞民
        1987(1): 82-85.
        摘要：已有研究证明正常人与患者都存在循经低阻线。动物实验也证明大鼠体表和人类相似,其特征是该线上各点的阻抗都较两侧皮肤为低,而且可用其它生物物理学方法加以验证。有人应用普通组织学方法证明循经低阻线皮肤中神经束的数目显著多于对照区。为了进一步研究循经低The occurance of low impedance line(LIL)on the skin surface of both healthy human being and rat has been proved.The characteristics of this line are:1,The impedance of each point on the line is lower and the number of nerve bundles is higher than its adjacent lateral control sides.2,It can be proved by other biophysical methods too.In order to obtain more morphological bases of the LIL,before and after amputation of the extremities of patients the LILs were marked.When the two marked lines were coincident with each other,blocks of tissues including skin together with subcutaneous tissue were cut out and treated with the Farworskys'method.The numbers of nerve bundle,nerve fiber, nerve ending and hair follicle under the LIL and its adjacent lateral sides of 10 patients and 3 rats were counted and compared.It was found that there were more nervous components under the LIL in comparison with its adjacent control area in both patients and rats,but the number of hair follicles was prominently lcss in patients and slightly higher in rats yet without statistic meaning.The results were discussed.  
          
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      • 郝金凯, 周子信, 张秋香
        1987(1)
        摘要：中国科学院生物物理研究所等单位发现隐性循经感传线、低电阻线与古典的经络线完全一致。实验证明与古典经络线重合的隐性循经感传线及低阻线其宽度为2毫米。既然经络如此之微细,用传统的取穴法,是很难确切找到经络线的。所以穴位亦相应的不甚准确。但在隐性循经感传线与低电阻线的测试下,客观的而且重复不变的经线可以准确地找到。由此穴位的选取十分精确。我们自1986年1月开始,将隐性循经感传线和低电阻线用于治疗肺气肿、肺心病20例。该病的诊断除结合临床症状及体征外,均拍 X 光片、作心电  
          
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