最新刊期
1991年第2期
- 摘要：人们早已知道,电针穴位可以在大脑皮层体感区引起诱发电位,据此许多研究者相信,针感的产生和大脑皮层有密切关系。近年来的研究进一步表明,皮层体感区(SⅠ区和 SⅡ区)对许多皮层下核团中神经元的伤害性反应具有下行调制作用。有的作者指出,针刺穴位激活皮层神经元,Single SI cortical neurons were recorded extracellularly with glass micro- pipettes,and their response properties to electro-acupuncture (EA)of contra- lateral Tsusanli (St.36)and Fenglung (St.40),or to manual acupuncture (MA)of Tsusanli were observed in unanesthetized and paralyzed rats. In 46 rats,a total of 474 neurons were isolated in the hindlimb repre- sentation area of SI cortex.Among these neurons,228 responded to peripheral mechanical stimulation,and could be classified as cutaneous neurons,deep neurons and cutaneous-deep convergent neurons.Thirty five of them were identified as nociceptive neurons. Neurons of various sensory neurons and with receptive fields (RFs)located in the contralateral hindlimb responded to EA.Significant difference (P< 0.01)existed between the stimulation thresholds of cutaneous neurons (2.39± 0.27V)and those of deep neurons (4.12±0.48V).There was no significant difference between the thresholds of nociceptive and non-nociceptive neurons. The typical response of SI neurosis to single EA stimulation consisted of early discharges with a latency of 11.57±0.39msec and late train discharges with a latency of 54.79±4.07msec.A period of inhibition frequently inter- vened between the two groups of discharges.In a small portion of neurons, only a period of inhibition was prodnced.The responsiveness of neurons decreased markedly when the frequency of repeated EA stimulation was incre ased from 1Hz to 50Hz. Neurons of various sensory modalities responded to MA as well.Judging by RF distribution of the responsive neurons,however,the extent of action of MA was smaller than that of EA.Moreover,the responses to EA and MA were in opposite directions (excitation vs.inhibition)in a few neurons. Combined with the studies of others,the present work suggests that the activity of deep neurons in SI cortex,including muscle neurons and nocice- ptive neurons,are probably concerned with the production of needling sensa- tion during acupuncture.979|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：我们以往的工作证明,电针“足三里”可以激活大鼠脑干中缝大核内的缝-脊神经元,并抑制其由尾尖伤害性刺激所引起的反应。当于胸髓背侧切断背外侧束后,电针虽仍能引起激活效应,但抑制伤害性反应的能力明显减弱。本工作的目的是进一步分析此下行抑制通路是否为5-羟色胺能的。实验用250～350克大鼠,实验组大鼠在实验前7～10天,于第四脑室内微量注射20μl5,6-DHT(5mg/ml)。对照组注射同体积的人工脑脊液。电针“足三里”5分钟后,对照组大多数(13/19)缝-脊神经元被激活,自发放电增加。所有神经元的伤害性反应均不同程度地被抑制(P<0.05～0.001)。电针的此种效应约持续20分钟。而脑室注入5,6-DHT的实验组很难找到缝-脊神经元,所记录的20个神经元中仅一例为符合进行激活三个标准的缝-脊神经元。电针“足三里”后自发放电仍增加(P<0.05～0.001),但电针对伤害性反应的抑制效应明显减弱,仅在电针后0分时可以观察到。与对照组电针抑制效应相比。电针后5-15分钟两者差异显著(P<0.05～0.001)。以上结果提示电针镇痛效应可能或至少部分是通过中缝大核下行的5-HT 能的纤维传递的。862|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：过去研究电针对痛敏单位放电的影响时,大多数报道都以非时锁反应(单位时时内放电数量或平均放电率的变化)为指标,也有用时锁反应(对刺激有效固定的时间关系的短暂反应)为指标。我们对这两种反应进行了对比,两者反映角度不完全相同。本文以伤害性刺激猫的腓浅神经(PN)诱发In order to study the effects of morphine and eletro-acupuncture(EA)on non-time-lock respone (N-TLR)and time-lock response (TLR)of nociceptive unit disehasges.N-TLR was shown by interspike interval mean function (ISIMF)and TLR by normalized cross-covariance function (NCCVF)reflecting the relationship between stimulation and response. The results showed that the N-TLR elicited by the noxious stimulation appeared as a decrease of ISIMF.Which was depressed obviously by EA and morphine,but inhibitory effect of EA was more rapid than morphine,that both EA and morphine inhibited mainly the late peak of the NCCVF elicited by the noxious stimulation,but inhibitory effect of EA was more rapidly developing and moqe quickly recovering than that of morphine.The inhibi- tory effect of EA on the early peak was very little.From above results it was suggested that the P-ED elicited by the noxious stimulation could be inhibited by both EA and morphine,but the degree and the speed of inhibtion were difference.800|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：室旁核是丘脑下部的重要核团之一。它不但分泌催乳素和加压素等激素物质,而且还含有多种神经递质;如亮-脑啡肽,β-内啡肽等。另外,形态学研究证明室旁核与间脑、中脑、延髓以及脊髓均有广泛的纤维联系。由此可见室旁核对机体功能起着重要的调控作用,尤其近几年该核团越来越引起了人们的重视。目前,关于室In order to study the ultrastructural change of the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus during the electro-acupuncture,13 healthy and adult rats were divided into control group and electro-acupuncture group.The results are as follows: 1.The synapses of the paraventrieular nucleus mainly belong to the axo- dendricular asymmetrical synapses and contain a lot of round clear synaptic vesicles. 2.The round clear synaptic vesicles of the paraventricular nucleus in the electro-acupuncture group are much fewer than those in the control group. The difference is very significant (P<0.01). This suggests that the paraventricular nucleus is inuolved in the electro- acupuncture analgesia.825|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：近年来的研究资料表明:延髓外侧网状旁巨细胞核(RPGL)是电刺激脑镇痛和吗啡镇痛非常有效的部位。与其它参与吗啡镇痛的脑区(如下丘脑、中脑导水管周围灰质、第四脑室底等)相比,RPGL 对吗啡的敏感性最强。国外对此核团的镇痛机理方面亦做了大量工作,已证明它是痛The present study was aimed to investigate the role of the reticularis pa- ragiganocellularis lateralis (RPGL)in acupuncture analgesia.Tail-flick response to electrical stimulation of the tail skin was taken as index of pain response.The first part of the study consisted of four groups:(1)surgical control,(2)electro-acupuncture,(3)electrical stimulation of RPGL,and (4)stimulation of RPGL simultaneously with electro-acupuncture.The pain thrshold in the first group was quite stable during the experiments,but incre- ased significantly after electro-acupuncture and/or brain stimulation (n=14, P<0.01;n=8,P<0.001;n=14,P<0.001).The pain threshold of the fourth group increased much more than the second and the third group (P<0.001, P<0.01),In the second part of the study,the effect of electro-acupuncture was reduced significantly after electrical lesion of the RPGL unilaterally (n= 12,P<0.01).The present work indicates that electrical stimulation of RPGL nhances electro-acupuncture analgesia,whereas the lesion of RPGL reduces it.It is suggested that RPGL plays a role in acupuncture analgeia.1031|0|3更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：延髓腹外侧区神经元含多种递质或调质,有整合循环、呼吸、躯体传入、内分泌等多种功能。其表面结构是维持心血管活动的重要脑区,它作为重要的心血管活动中枢愈来愈受到人们的重视。临床和实验研究表明,针刺“内关”具有改善心绞痛患者症状,改善左心功能状态和促进急性心肌缺40 healthy rabbits were anesthetized with 20% urethane and divided into 4 groups in same number:1)electroacupuncture group physiological saline was applied locally on the S area of the ventral surface of the medulla:2)naloxon group,naloxon (5mg/ml.PH 6.5-7)was applied on the S area:3)propra- nolol group,propranolol (5mg/ml.pH 7.0)was applied on the S area;4) control group,physiological saline was applied on the S area.The state of regional myocardial ischemia of the rabbits was caused by ligating the LAD for 20 minutes.The changes of the blood pressure and the ST values of sta- ndard lead Ⅱ of ECG were observed before ligating and,at 5′,10′,15′,20′, 25′,30′,35′,40′,45′,50′,55′ and 60′ after loosening respectively.Electro- acupuncture was applied on “Neiguan” points bilaterally at 10′ after ligating for 60 minutes (intensity 6-8 volt,frequency 60/min).The average potential changes of the ST values of standard lead Ⅱ of 5 times were used as the index to evaluate myocardial ischemia and its recovery course. The followings are the main results of our observation: There were no statistical defference,of blood pressure and the ST values between the four groups before ligation.At 10 minutes ofter ligation,the ST values were elevated markedly,but there were no statistical significances be- tween the four groups. During electroacupuncture,blood pressures in the four groups decreased gradually,but comparing with electroacupuncture group,blood pressure in the naloxon group and the control group decresed markedly,the propranolol group was the same as the electroacupuncture group:the ST values in the four groups recovered gradually,but the recovering in the naloxon and the control group was sluggish and there was statistical difference comparing with electroacupu- nture group,(there was)and no statistical difference was observed between propranolol group and electroacupuncture group. The above mentioned results show that there is an improved effect of ele- ctroacupuncture on acute ischemic myocardial injury.The effect can be reversed by naloxon applied locally on the S area of the ventral surface of the medulla.942|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：过去我们一直在探讨促进运动神经元(MN)损伤后恢复的因素和方法,曾用 HRP轴突逆行输送法观察到针刺能促进舌下神经(运动神经)及桡神经(其运动神经纤维)的再生。但针刺对 MN 胞体损伤后的恢复,对它们在中枢神经系内的存活及再生是否有利尚须研究。据报导将3～6周龄大鼠的舌下神经切断一周后,舌下神经核内 MN胞体数目明显减少。通过针刺对舌下神经切断后舌下神经核内 MN 胞体丧失的影响It was reported previously that acupuncture promotes regeneration of rat's peripheral nerve.In order to study the effect of acupuncture on recovery of motoncuronal lesion and regeneration of central nervous system,we studied the effect of acupuncture on neuronal loss induced by axotomy in the rat hypoglo- ssal nuclei,A total of 6 pairs of rats (acupunctured and controls in pairs) were used,(each pair of)the rats were paired of the same litter and sex.After the right hypoglossal nerves were severed,rats were reared for 14 days.In this period,we gave acupuncture therapy to the acupunctured rats but nothing to the controls,After perfusion,serial paraffin sections of brain stems of rats were cut and stained with cresyl violet,Serial sections per rat were used for counting the perikaryon of the hypoglossal nuclei,The reduced percentage of neuronal population followed axotomy was calculated,It was found that neuro- nal loss was less severe in acupunctured rats,Difference in the redueed percentage of neuronal population between acupunctured rats and controls was significant statistically,it was shown that acupuncture increased survival of lesioned neurons,and thus acupuncture may be helpful to the recovery of neu- ronal lesion.The detailed mechanism is going to be explored.730|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：近年来,运用荧光双标记技术研究体表与内脏的神经联系发现,在脊神经节内,同一初级感觉神经元,其轴突的分支,一支到达内脏,一支支配体表。Alles 等将微量真蓝注入大鼠心包内,将二联脒黄注入左上肢内侧组织或皮神经内,经适当成活期以后,可在同侧 C_8、T_1、T_2脊神经节内观察到双标记神经元。说明内关与心脏的联系可通过同一神经元的支配而实现。958|0|5更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：由全国著名针灸学家、世界针灸学会联合会执行主席、中国针灸学会副会长、国家科委中医专业组针灸分会组组长王雪苔教授任总编审,国内数十位针灸临床、科研工作者集体编著、汇集迄今为止古今中外针灸、电磁光声针灸法、针刺麻醉(统称针灸疗法)及其临床运用精华和成就的大型实用工具书《实用针灸疗法临床大全》,已由中医药出版社出版。该书分上、中、下篇和附篇。上篇总论十二章,分论:针灸疗法概述、针灸疗法的起源与发展,种类与方法、理论基础、作用部位、作用途径、作用机理、特点与临床应用进展、影响针灸疗效的因素、提高针灸疗效的思路与方法以及针灸疗法的禁忌与事故防治措施、针灸疗法的研究进展与展望。中篇为方法篇,综汇150余法,每法按概述、针灸器具、操作464|10|0更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：电针刺激通过何种纤维传入中枢产生镇痛作用,至今仍有争论。范少光等采用我室常用电针参数,以大鼠行为反应为指标,观察到电针(Electroacupuncture,EA)镇痛信息主要不是由 C 纤维传入。本工作用辣椒素选择性阻断 C 纤维传导后,观察了 EA 和伤害性热刺激(Noxious heat,NH)对脊髓广动力范围(Wide DynamicRange,WDR)神经元抑制作用的影响,进一步对上述问题作探讨。933|0|7更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：据报道,P 物质(SP)的镇痛作用与其促使脑啡肽的释放有关。在离体大鼠脑片中,SP 可加强基础或钾离子诱发的3[H]5-HT 释放。将 SP 注入小鼠腹腔产生镇痛作用时,伴有脑内5-HT 转换率的降低,提示 SP 的镇痛作用可能与中枢5-HT 有关。本文试图观察 SP 对脑内5-HT 含量的影响及其与痛阈和电针镇痛的关系。1033|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：乙酰胆碱(Ach)不论在种系发生或个体发生上都是最早出现的神经递质,在某些低等动物感觉传入神经全部是胆碱能的,高等动物痛觉的神经通路有一部分也和上行胆碱能网状激活系统一致;脑内一些重要的与痛和镇痛有关的结构是胆碱能的;因此我们认为 Ach 可能是研究针刺镇痛中枢神经化学原The artical systematically reported our physiological and biochemical work on the relationship between central acetylcholine and acupuncture analgesia. The results indicate: 1.Acupuncture on acupoints could produce analgesia. 2.Ach contents in cerebrospinal fluids and brain increased under acupu- ncture analgesia. 3.AChE activities iu brain elevated under acupuncture analgesia. 4.ChE inhibitor reinforced the effects of acupuncture and inhibitor of ACh synthesis could inhibit the effects of acupuncture,which could be reversed by administration of ACh and chlorocholine.M-AChR antagonists could also inhibit the effects of acupuncture. 5.The turnover rate of ACh in diencephalon,caudate nucleus and spinal dorsal horn accelerated when acupuncture analgesia. The discussion was given on the variation of metabolic dynamics in co- mbination with related literature.1082|0|4更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：针麻是个复杂的生理调节过程,其除了神经系统的作用外,还有体液因素的参与。近年来实验证明针刺可提高血浆中亮啡肽,ACTH,肾上腺皮质激素的含量,并且针麻效果与这些体液因素有密切关系。另有资料表明针刺可提高血浆睾酮的含量,关于睾酮水平的改变对针刺镇痛的效果是否有影响,目前尚未见报道,本文试对该问题55 rats (Wistar,Male,250-350g)were divided into 4 groups:(1)BTA (bilateral testectomy+adrenalectomy)group,(2)BT (bilateral testectomy) group,(3)BA cbilatral adrenalectomy)group,(4)SO (sham operation)group. EA was applied to bilateral “Tsusanli” points of each animal at 72h.after operation,The potassium iontophoretic dolorimetry wets used to determine the pain threshold of rats,radioimmunoassay was used to measure the contens of T and DHT in femoral vein blood,T,DHT and the pain threshold of each animal were measured before operation,at 72h,after operation and after EA,but for the SO group the measuremint was done once at 72h,after im testosterone phenylacetate.Results:The content of T in BTA and BP groups were decreased.significantly at 72h,after operation,but the changes of the pain threshold were similar to BA and SO groups,After EA the content of T in BT and SO groups were raised significantly (P<0.01),but in BT group raised slightly (P>0.05).It was found in all animals that the content of DHT and the pain threshold were significantly elevated at 45 min after EA. No effect upon the pain threshold and EA analgesia was observed in SO group after im testosterone phenylacetate,Conclusion:T (from testes and adrenal) and DHT rose markedly after EA.Increasing T and DHT or decreasing T in plasma had no effect upon the pain threshold and EA analgesia.It is sugge- sted that T tnd DHT in plasma may not play a role in the EA analgrsia,in the other hand,EA may be used for improving the hypogonadal condition.909|0|2更新时间：2023-08-11
- 摘要：对循经感传的形成机理,多年来一直存在着“中枢兴奋扩散”和“外周动因激发”两种不同的观点。前者认为循经感传是由针刺穴位所诱发的兴奋在中枢神经系统(特别是大脑皮层)内的定向扩散所引起。后者则认为针刺穴位时可能有某种动因循经行进,依次激发了沿经分布的神经感受装置、神经冲动相继传入中枢神经系统,从而产生了受试者主观上感受到的循经感传。为了更为全面地解释循经感传的形成机理,1987年我们又提出了“以外周循经过925|0|0更新时间：2023-08-11
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