摘要:目的:探讨针灸对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠Th 1/Th 2免疫平衡的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为模型组、隔药灸组、电针组,每组10只,并另选10只正常大鼠作为对照组。采用免疫学方法并加局部刺激建立大鼠UC模型。隔药灸组、电针组选取"天枢"(双)和"气海"进行隔药灸或电针治疗,连续治疗14d。采用定量PCR法检测结肠组织中干扰素(INF)-γ、白介素(IL)-12、IL-4和IL-10mRNA表达水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测结肠组织中INF-γ、IL-12、IL-4和IL-10的含量;采用流式细胞术分析结肠组织细胞中CD4+INF-γ+INF-γ+/CD 4+/CD 4+IL-4+IL-4+的比值。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠结肠组织中INF-γ、IL-12mRNA和含量显著升高(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-10mRNA和含量显著下降(P<0.05);隔药灸组和电针组大鼠结肠组织INF-γ、IL-12mRNA和含量显著低于模型组(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-10mRNA和含量显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组结肠组织中CD 4+的比值。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠结肠组织中INF-γ、IL-12mRNA和含量显著升高(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-10mRNA和含量显著下降(P<0.05);隔药灸组和电针组大鼠结肠组织INF-γ、IL-12mRNA和含量显著低于模型组(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-10mRNA和含量显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组结肠组织中CD 4+INF-γ+INF-γ+/CD 4+/CD 4+IL-4+IL-4+的比值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与模型组比较,隔药灸组和电针组CD4+的比值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与模型组比较,隔药灸组和电针组CD4+INF-γ+INF-γ+/CD 4+/CD 4+IL-4+IL-4+比值显著下降(P<0.05)。隔药灸组和电针组的各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:隔药灸和电针均能显著改善UC模型大鼠炎性反应,通过下调结肠组织中INF-γ和IL-12水平,上调IL-4和IL-10水平从而保持Th 1/Th 2细胞间平衡,进而改善免疫功能。Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion and electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of"Tianshu"(ST 25)and"Qihai"(CV 6)on Th 1/Th 2immune balance in rats with experimental ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods The UC rats were randomly allocated to model group,moxibustion group and EA group(n=10in each group).Another 10 rats were used as the control group.The UC model was established by injection of fresh colonic mucosal tissue-made antigen emulsifier(purified mucosal supernate plus complete Freund's adjuvant,3.5mg on day one,and 7mg thereafter)into the bilateral toes,inguinal grooves,back,and the abdominal cavity on day 1,10,17 and 24,respectively.Medicinal paste(containing Cortex Cinnamomi,Flos Carthami,etc.)-separated moxibustion or EA(200Hz,2mA)was applied to ST 25 and CV 6for 20 min,once daily for 14 days.The mRNA expression levels of interferon-γ(INF-γ),IL-12,IL-4 and IL-10 in colon tissues were detected using quantitative RT-PCR and their content determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The colon tissue cell ratios of CD 4+比值显著下降(P<0.05)。隔药灸组和电针组的各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:隔药灸和电针均能显著改善UC模型大鼠炎性反应,通过下调结肠组织中INF-γ和IL-12水平,上调IL-4和IL-10水平从而保持Th 1/Th 2细胞间平衡,进而改善免疫功能。
摘要:目的:分析古代针灸治疗面瘫的腧穴配伍规律及其处方的优化。方法:在全面收集古代针灸治疗面瘫的文献基础上,构建古代面瘫针灸处方数据库,采用复杂网络二分网络社团结构划分的方法,分析古代针灸治疗面瘫的腧穴配伍规律特点,并对处方优化进行研究。结果:古代针灸治疗面瘫的核心穴位多以水沟、地仓、颊车、合谷、风池、足三里、内庭、听会、承浆、上关为主。核心穴对多以地仓、颊车、水沟、风池、内庭、合谷、足三里、列缺、上关、二间之间相互配伍。优化处方核心组成以听会、风池、风市、悬钟、地仓、颊车、足三里、大椎、百会、曲池、肩髃、发际为主,选穴分布多以胃经、大肠经、督脉为核心。头面部腧穴的使用频率明显高于其他部位;选穴配伍多以特定穴为主,其中以交会穴使用最频繁。结论:局部选穴是古代针灸治疗面瘫的首选,特定穴是古代针灸治疗面瘫处方中的核心用穴。Objective To analyze the characteristics of acupoint combinations(formula)for facial palsy in ancient literature,so as to optimize the related acupoint prescriptions in clinical practice.Methods The database of ancient acupoint prescriptions for facial paralysis was established first after searching and collecting the related acu-moxibustion literature(178categories as monographs,specific volumes of a book,etc.)by using key words of"facial palsy"or"deviation of the eye and mouth"including Chinese terms of"Diaoxianfeng(掉线风)""Wopi(喎僻)"and"Kouwo(口)".The characteristics of acupoint selection were analyzed and acupoint prescriptions were optimized using bipartite network community structure partition.Results The results indicated that of the 56 acupoints for facial palsy collected in the literature,Shuigou(GV 26),Dicang(ST 4),Jiache(ST 6),Hegu(LI 4),Fengchi(GB 20),Zusanli(ST 36),Neiting(ST 44),Tinghui(GB 2),Chengjiang(CV 24)and Shangguan(GB 3)are the core acupoints in clinical application.The acupoints of Dicang(ST 4),Jiache(ST 6),Shuigou(GV 26),Fengchi(GB 20),Neiting(ST 44),Hegu(LI 4),Zusanli(ST 36),Lieque(LU 7),Shangguan(GB 3)and Erjian(LI 2)are most frequently selected for forming prescriptions.The optimized acupoint prescriptions are composed of Tinghui(GB 2),Fengchi(GB 20),Fengshi(GB 31),Xuanzhong(GB 39),Dicang(ST 4),Jiache(ST 6),Zusanli(ST 36),Dazhui(GV 14),Baihui(GV 20),Quchi(LI 11)and Jianyu(LI 15).Core acupoints were mainly distributed on the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming,Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yangming and the Governor Vessel.Acupoints at the face and head are used more frequently than those in any other parts of the body.Specific acupoints are used more frequently than non-specific acupoints,among which Confluent Acupoints are most frequently used.Conclusion In the treatment of facial paralysis in ancient China,selection of local acupoints is the basic principle and some specific acupoints are the core acupoints in ancient acupuncture prescriptions.
摘要:钙离子(Ca(2+))作为细胞内普遍存在的第二信使,其相关的信号转导通路参与了机体内多种生理活动和病理变化的信号转导,具有广泛和重要的生理学作用,但其具体机制尚未被完全阐明。目前在心肌损伤的机制研究中,钙超载学说已得到医学学术界的公认,越来越多的研究证明钙超载是引发心肌细胞损伤的重要原因之一。笔者查阅了近10年国内外相关的文献资料发现,针灸对心肌细胞钙超载的保护机制主要有细胞膜Ca(2+))作为细胞内普遍存在的第二信使,其相关的信号转导通路参与了机体内多种生理活动和病理变化的信号转导,具有广泛和重要的生理学作用,但其具体机制尚未被完全阐明。目前在心肌损伤的机制研究中,钙超载学说已得到医学学术界的公认,越来越多的研究证明钙超载是引发心肌细胞损伤的重要原因之一。笔者查阅了近10年国内外相关的文献资料发现,针灸对心肌细胞钙超载的保护机制主要有细胞膜Ca(2+)转运途径、肌浆网膜Ca(2+)转运途径、肌浆网膜Ca(2+)转运途径及线粒体途径(即能量代谢途径)等。Myocardial contraction and relaxation are regulated by increases and decreases of the intracellular cytoplasmic calcium(Ca(2+)转运途径及线粒体途径(即能量代谢途径)等。