Chronic inflammatory diseases and the inflammatory response accompanying various chronic diseases play important roles in the onset, development, and prognosis of diseases. Prolonged, uncontrolled inflammatory responses can continuously damage cells and tissues, leading to abnormal remodeling of tissue organs and ultimately organ failure. Acupuncture, by stimulating acupoints on the human body, plays a role in harmonizing Yin and Yang, unblocking meridians, and supporting the body's natural defenses while expelling pathogenic factors. In recent years, multiple pieces of evidence from clinical trials and basic research have confirmed that acupuncture can improve inflammatory responses in inflammatory or chronic diseases. The World Health Organization also recommends acupuncture for the treatment of 16 chronic inflammatory diseases. With the rapid development of science and technology, an increasing number of studies have revealed the mechanisms underlying acupuncture's anti-inflammatory effects from different perspectives and levels. In fact, many research results also indicate that there are similar anti-inflammatory pathways of acupuncture in various non-infectious inflammatory diseases or chronic diseases with inflammatory responses. This Special lssue gathers three experimental studies and four reviews. It is hoped that numerous scholars can achieve more original breakthroughs in the improvement of chronic inflammatory diseases through interdisciplinary integration, thereby promoting the clinical transformation of precise acupuncture treatment.