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1.广州市荔湾中心医院,广州510000
2.广州中医药大学国际中医药转化医学研究所,广州510405
3.广东省老干部事务中心温泉医院,广州510900
4.广州中医药大学针灸康复临床医学院,广州510405
5.广州中医药大学第二附属医院,广州510405
王聪,E-mail: wangcong28@vip.126.com
网络首发:2026-04-28,
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黄楚瑶,张祉思,陈淑敏,等.电针改善围绝经期抑郁模型小鼠内侧前额叶皮层Glu/GABA平衡介导的突触可塑性的机制研究[J].针刺研究,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10.
Huang Chu-yao,Zhang Zhi-si,Chen Shu-min,et al.Electroacupuncture improves synaptic plasticity mediated by Glu/GABA balance in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice with perimenopausal depression[J].Acupuncture Research,
黄楚瑶,张祉思,陈淑敏,等.电针改善围绝经期抑郁模型小鼠内侧前额叶皮层Glu/GABA平衡介导的突触可塑性的机制研究[J].针刺研究,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10. DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20250806.
Huang Chu-yao,Zhang Zhi-si,Chen Shu-min,et al.Electroacupuncture improves synaptic plasticity mediated by Glu/GABA balance in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice with perimenopausal depression[J].Acupuncture Research, DOI:10.13702/j.1000⁃0607.20250806.
目的
2
观察电针对围绝经期抑郁模型小鼠的抑郁样行为、性激素水平的影响,探讨电针对其内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)中谷氨酸(Glu)/γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)平衡的调节作用及其对mPFC突触结构和功能可塑性的影响。
方法
2
雌性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、雌二醇(E
2
)组和电针组,每组14只。采用乙烯基二氧化环己烯联合慢性不可预测应激建立围绝经期抑郁模型。电针组电针“肾俞”“三阴交”“百会”“印堂”,每次30 min,E
2
组给予E
2
(10 μg·kg
-1
·d
-1
)皮下注射,两组均1次/d,共28 d。采用旷场实验(OFT)、强迫游泳实验(FST)、糖水偏好实验(SPT)对小鼠进行行为学评估;ELISA法检测小鼠血清性激素水平;高尔基染色观察mPFC中锥体神经元分支数量和长度并评估其形态变化;Western blot法及脑片全细胞膜片钳电生理技术检测mPFC囊泡型谷氨酸转运蛋白1(VGLUT1)和锥体神经元的微小兴奋性突触后电流(mEPSC)的频率以评估突触前的Glu的水平,突触后密度蛋白95(PSD95)、N-甲基D-天冬氨酸受体亚型2B(NMDAR2B)、N-甲基D-天冬氨酸受体亚型2A(MDAR2A)、G
lu的α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体(AMPAR)及mEPSC的幅度以评估突触后的Glu活性情况,突触前的谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD-65/67)、囊泡GABA转运蛋白(VGAT)及mPFC中锥体神经元的微小抑制性突触后电流(mIPSC)的频率以评估突触前的GABA的水平,突触后的GABAA受体亚基γ-2(GABA
A
Rγ
2
)、GABA的突触后锚定蛋白桥尾蛋白(Gephyrin)及mIPSC的幅度以评估突触后的GABA活性情况,并评估Glu/GABA平衡。
结果
2
与空白组小鼠相比,模型组小鼠OFT中央区探索时间和距离减少(
P
<
0.001),SFT静止时间增加(
P
<
0.05),糖水偏好率降低(
P
<
0.001)。与模型组比较,E
2
组和电针组的OFT中央区探索时间和距离增加(
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.05),FST静止时间缩短(
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05),糖水偏好率增加(
P
<
0.001)。与空白组比较,模型组的血清E
2
、孕酮(PROG)含量降低(
P
<
0.01),血清FSH含量升高(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,E
2
组血清E
2
、PROG含量升高(
P
<
0.01),血清FSH含量降低(
P
<
0.01),电针组差异无统计学意义。与空白组相比,模型组mPFC锥体神经元树突分支数量和总树突长度、同心圆半径和交点数减少(
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,E
2
组和电针组的树突分支数量和总树突长度、同心圆半径和交点数增多(
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05)。与空白组相比,模型组mPFC中PSD95、NMDAR2A、GABA
A
Rγ
2
蛋白表达升高(
P<
0.05),VGLUT1、NMDAR2B、GAD65/67、Gephyrin、VGAT蛋白表达降低(
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01);与模型组比较,电针组和E
2
组的PSD95和NMDAR2A表达降低(
P<
0.05,
P<
0.001),VGLUT1、GAD-65/67、Gephyrin、VGAT的蛋白表达升高(
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01),电针组的NMDAR2B蛋白表达升高(
P<
0.01),电针组GABA
A
Rγ
2
蛋白表达降低(
P<
0.05)。与空白组相比,模型组mEPSC振幅、mEPSC/mIPSC频率比值升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),mIPSC频率降低(
P<
0.001)。与模型组比较,电针组、E
2
组的mEPSC振幅、mEPSC/mIPSC频率比值下降(
P<
0.05),mIPSC频率升高(
P<
0.01)。
结论
2
电针可改善mPFC锥体神经元的形态和连接,调节Glu/GABA平衡介导的突触结构和功能可塑性,从而在围绝经期抑郁症中发挥治疗效应。
Objective
2
To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on depressive-like behaviors and sex hormone levels in perimenopausal depression mice, so as to explore its regulatory role in the glutamate (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) balance in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and its impact on the structural and functional plasticity of mPFC synapses.
Methods
2
Female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control, model, estradiol (E
2
), and EA groups, with 14 mice in each group. The perimenopausal depression model was established using vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD) combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Mice in the EA group received EA at “Shenshu” (BL23), “Sanyinjiao” (SP6), “Baihui” (GV20), and “Yintang” (GV29) for 30 min. The E
2
group was subcutaneously injected with E
2
(10 μg·kg
-1
·d
-1
). Both interventions were performed once daily for 28 days. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the open field test (OFT), forced swimming test (FST), and sucrose preference test (SPT). Serum sex hormone levels were detected by ELISA. Golgi staining was used to observe the number and length of pyramidal neuron branches and assess their morphological changes in the mPFC. Western blot and whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology were used to detect the protein expression of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) and the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC) of pyramidal neurons in the mPFC to evaluate presynaptic Glu levels; the amplitude of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NMDAR2B), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2A (NMDAR2A), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), and mEPSC to evaluate postsynaptic Glu activity; presynaptic glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65/67), vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT), and the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC) of pyramidal neurons in the mPFC to e
valuate presynaptic GABA levels; and postsynaptic GABA type A receptor subunit γ-2 (GABAARγ2), gephyrin, and mIPSC amplitude to evaluate postsynaptic GABA activity, thereby assessing the Glu/GABA balance.
Results
2
Compared with the control group, the exploration time and distance in the central zone of the OFT (
P
<
0.001), the SPT index (
P
<
0.001), the serum levels of E
2
and progesterone (PROG) (
P
<
0.01), the number of dendritic branches, total dendritic length, Sholl radius, the number of intersections of mPFC pyramidal neurons (
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.05), the protein expression levels of VGLUT1, NMDAR2B, GAD-65/67, gephyrin, and VGAT (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and the frequency of mIPSC (
P
<
0.001) were all decreased in the model group. In contrast, the immobility time in the FST (
P
<
0.05), the serum FSH level (
P
<
0.01), the protein expression levels of PSD95, NMDAR2A, and GABAARγ2 in the mPFC (
P
<
0.05), and the amplitude of mEPSC and frequency ratio of mEPSC/mIPSC (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01) were significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the exploration time and distance in the central area of the OFT (
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.05), SPT index (
P
<
0.001), number of dendritic branches, total dendritic length, radius of concentric circles and number of intersections (
P
<
0.001,
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05), protein expression levels of VGLUT1, GAD-65/67, Gephyrin, and VGAT (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and mIPSC frequency (
P
<
0.01) were significantly increased in the E2 and EA groups. Conversely, the FST immobility time (
P
<
0.01,
P
<
0.05), expression levels of PSD95 and
NMDAR2A (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.001), as well as the mEPSC amplitude and mEPSC/mIPSC frequency ratio (
P
<
0.05) were decreased in both groups. In the E2 group, the serum E2 and PROG levels increased (
P
<
0.01), while the serum FSH level decreased (
P
<
0.01); in the EA group, the protein expression of NMDAR2B increased (
P
<
0.01), and the protein expression of GABAARγ2 decreased (
P
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
EA can improve the morphology and connectivity of pyramidal neurons in the mPFC and regulate synaptic structural and functional plasticity mediated by the Glu/GABA balance, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect on perimenopausal depression.
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